{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T16:04:59Z","timestamp":1781885099420,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":50,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3676536.3676699","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T13:26:26Z","timestamp":1744205186000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["TAP-CAM: A Tunable Approximate Matching Engine based on Ferroelectric Content Addressable Memory"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5966-6604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenyu","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4727-8809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sijie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9604-3987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Che-Kai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3307-1596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5761-0622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Imani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4672-8676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"K\u00e4mpfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer IPMS, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3628-3431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7776-4306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Niemier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6636-9738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaobo Sharon","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2610-7522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4656-9545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xunzhao","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks,\" Advances in neural information processing systems","author":"Krizhevsky A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"A. Krizhevsky et al., \"Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks,\" Advances in neural information processing systems, vol. 25, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deepcam: A fully cam-based inference accelerator with variable hash lengths for energy-efficient deep neural networks","author":"Nguyen D.-T.","year":"2023","unstructured":"D.-T. Nguyen et al., \"Deepcam: A fully cam-based inference accelerator with variable hash lengths for energy-efficient deep neural networks,\" in DATE. IEEE, 2023, pp. 1--6.","journal-title":"DATE. IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3159339"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"In-memory computing: Advances and prospects","volume":"11","author":"Verma N.","year":"2019","unstructured":"N. Verma et al., \"In-memory computing: Advances and prospects,\" IEEE SSC-M, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 43--55, 2019.","journal-title":"IEEE SSC-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-0655-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk8471"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46640-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Energy efficient dual designs of fefet-based analog inmemory computing with inherent shift-add capability,\" in ACM\/IEEE DAC","author":"Yang Z.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Z. Yang et al., \"Energy efficient dual designs of fefet-based analog inmemory computing with inherent shift-add capability,\" in ACM\/IEEE DAC, 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Febim: Efficient and compact bayesian inference engine empowered with ferroelectric in-memory computing,\" in ACM\/IEEE DAC","author":"Li C.","year":"2024","unstructured":"C. Li et al., \"Febim: Efficient and compact bayesian inference engine empowered with ferroelectric in-memory computing,\" in ACM\/IEEE DAC, 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Asmcap: An approximate string matching accelerator for genome sequence analysis based on capacitive content addressable memory","author":"Zhong H.","year":"2023","unstructured":"H. Zhong et al., \"Asmcap: An approximate string matching accelerator for genome sequence analysis based on capacitive content addressable memory,\" in ACM\/IEEE DAC. IEEE, 2023, pp. 1--6.","journal-title":"ACM\/IEEE DAC. IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Seed-and-vote based in-memory accelerator for dna read mapping","author":"Laguna A. F.","year":"2020","unstructured":"A. F. Laguna et al., \"Seed-and-vote based in-memory accelerator for dna read mapping,\" in ICCAD, 2020, pp. 1--9.","journal-title":"ICCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-019-0321-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ferex: A reconfigurable design of multi-bit ferroelectric compute-in-memory for nearest neighbor search","author":"Xu Z.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Z. Xu et al., \"Ferex: A reconfigurable design of multi-bit ferroelectric compute-in-memory for nearest neighbor search,\" in DATE. IEEE, 2024, pp. 1--6.","journal-title":"DATE. IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","first-page":"25","volume-title":"IEEE","author":"Hu X. S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"X. S. Hu et al., \"In-memory computing with associative memories: A cross-layer perspective,\" in IEDM. IEEE, 2021, pp. 25--2."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2018.2870560"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"2422","article-title":"Searchd: A memory-centric hyperdimensional computing with stochastic training","volume":"39","author":"Imani M.","year":"2019","unstructured":"M. Imani et al., \"Searchd: A memory-centric hyperdimensional computing with stochastic training,\" IEEE TCAD, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 2422--2433, 2019.","journal-title":"IEEE TCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCAS.2020.2988388"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Geniehd: Efficient dna pattern matching accelerator using hyperdimensional computing","author":"Kim Y.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Y. Kim et al., \"Geniehd: Efficient dna pattern matching accelerator using hyperdimensional computing,\" in DATE. IEEE, 2020, pp. 115--120.","journal-title":"DATE. IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2005.864128"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TED.2021.3110464"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"17.5 a 3t1r nonvolatile tcam using mlc reram with sub-1ns search time","author":"Chang M.-F.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M.-F. Chang et al., \"17.5 a 3t1r nonvolatile tcam using mlc reram with sub-1ns search time,\" in ISSCC, 2015, pp. 1--3.","journal-title":"ISSCC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"A 3.14 \u03bcm2 4t-2mtj-cell fully parallel tcam based on nonvolatile logic-in-memory architecture","author":"Matsunaga S.","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. Matsunaga et al., \"A 3.14 \u03bcm2 4t-2mtj-cell fully parallel tcam based on nonvolatile logic-in-memory architecture,\" in VLSIC, 2012, pp. 44--45.","journal-title":"VLSIC"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Design of ultracompact content addressable memory exploiting 1t-1mtj cell","volume":"42","author":"Zhuo C.","year":"2022","unstructured":"C. Zhuo et al., \"Design of ultracompact content addressable memory exploiting 1t-1mtj cell,\" IEEE TCAD, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 1450--1462, 2022.","journal-title":"IEEE TCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2013.2292055"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"1577","article-title":"An ultra-dense 2fefet tcam design based on a multidomain fefet model","volume":"66","author":"Yin X.","year":"2019","unstructured":"X. Yin et al., \"An ultra-dense 2fefet tcam design based on a multidomain fefet model,\" IEEE TCAS-II, vol. 66, no. 9, pp. 1577--1581, 2019.","journal-title":"IEEE TCAS-II"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","first-page":"1444","article-title":"Design and benchmarking of ferroelectric fet based tcam","author":"Yin X.","year":"2017","unstructured":"X. Yin et al., \"Design and benchmarking of ferroelectric fet based tcam,\" in DATE. IEEE, 2017, pp. 1444--1449.","journal-title":"DATE. IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Ultra-low power flexible precision fefet based analog in-memory computing","author":"Soliman T.","year":"2020","unstructured":"T. Soliman et al., \"Ultra-low power flexible precision fefet based analog in-memory computing,\" in IEDM, 2020, pp. 29.2.1--29.2.4.","journal-title":"IEDM"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","first-page":"1099","article-title":"Ferroelectric ternary content addressable memories for energy-efficient associative search","volume":"42","author":"Yin X.","year":"2022","unstructured":"X. Yin et al., \"Ferroelectric ternary content addressable memories for energy-efficient associative search,\" IEEE TCAD, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 1099--1112, 2022.","journal-title":"IEEE TCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202200428"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"On the challenges and design mitigations of single transistor ferroelectric content addressable memory,\" IEEE EDL","author":"Xu H.","year":"2023","unstructured":"H. Xu et al., \"On the challenges and design mitigations of single transistor ferroelectric content addressable memory,\" IEEE EDL, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A fefet-based time-domain associative memory for multi-bit similarity computation","author":"Huang Q.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Q. Huang et al., \"A fefet-based time-domain associative memory for multi-bit similarity computation,\" in DATE, 2024, pp. 1--6.","journal-title":"DATE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TED.2020.2994896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","first-page":"29","volume-title":"IEEE","author":"Li C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"C. Li et al., \"A scalable design of multi-bit ferroelectric content addressable memory for data-centric computing,\" in IEDM. IEEE, 2020, pp. 29--3."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","first-page":"1173","article-title":"Eva-cam: A circuit\/architecture-level evaluation tool for general content addressable memories","author":"Liu L.","year":"2022","unstructured":"L. Liu et al., \"Eva-cam: A circuit\/architecture-level evaluation tool for general content addressable memories,\" in DATE, 2022, pp. 1173--1176.","journal-title":"DATE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3158305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"A reconfigurable fefet content addressable memory for multi-state hamming distance,\" IEEE TCAS-I","author":"Liu L.","year":"2023","unstructured":"L. Liu et al., \"A reconfigurable fefet content addressable memory for multi-state hamming distance,\" IEEE TCAS-I, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3850\/9783981537079_0493"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Design and analysis of an ultra-dense, low-leakage, and fast fefet-based random access memory array","volume":"5","author":"Reis D.","year":"2019","unstructured":"D. Reis et al., \"Design and analysis of an ultra-dense, low-leakage, and fast fefet-based random access memory array,\" IEEE JXCDC, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 103--112, 2019.","journal-title":"IEEE JXCDC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","first-page":"131","volume-title":"A circuit compatible accurate compact model for ferroelectric-fets,\" in 2018 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology","author":"Ni K.","year":"2018","unstructured":"K. Ni et al., \"A circuit compatible accurate compact model for ferroelectric-fets,\" in 2018 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2018, pp. 131--132."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Analog in-memory computing in fefet-based 1t1r array for edge ai applications,\" in 2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","author":"Saito D.","year":"2021","unstructured":"D. Saito et al., \"Analog in-memory computing in fefet-based 1t1r array for edge ai applications,\" in 2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits, 2021, pp. 1--2."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","first-page":"464","article-title":"Design of magnetic non-volatile tcam with priority-decision in memory technology for high speed, low power, and high reliability","volume":"67","author":"Wang C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"C. Wang et al., \"Design of magnetic non-volatile tcam with priority-decision in memory technology for high speed, low power, and high reliability,\" IEEE TCAS-I, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 464--474, 2020.","journal-title":"IEEE TCAS-I"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","first-page":"445","article-title":"Exploring hyperdimensional associative memory","author":"Imani M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"M. Imani et al., \"Exploring hyperdimensional associative memory,\" in HPCA, 2017, pp. 445--456.","journal-title":"HPCA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Ma et al. \"A spin transfer torque magnetoresistance random access memory-based high-density and ultralow-power associative memory for fully data-adaptive nearest neighbor search with current-mode similarity evaluation and time-domain minimum searching \" Japanese journal of applied physics vol. 56 no. 4S p. 04CF08 2017.","DOI":"10.7567\/JJAP.56.04CF08"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","first-page":"218","article-title":"Compact associative-memory architecture with fully parallel search capability for the minimum hamming distance","volume":"37","author":"Mattausch H.","year":"2002","unstructured":"H. Mattausch et al., \"Compact associative-memory architecture with fully parallel search capability for the minimum hamming distance,\" IEEE JSSC, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 218--227, 2002.","journal-title":"IEEE JSSC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","first-page":"1047","article-title":"Modeling and minimization of pmos nbti effect for robust nanometer design","author":"Vattikonda R.","year":"2006","unstructured":"R. Vattikonda et al., \"Modeling and minimization of pmos nbti effect for robust nanometer design,\" in ACM\/IEEE DAC, 2006, pp. 1047--1052.","journal-title":"ACM\/IEEE DAC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cosime: Fefet based associative memory for in-memory cosine similarity search","author":"Liu C.-K.","year":"2022","unstructured":"C.-K. Liu et al., \"Cosime: Fefet based associative memory for in-memory cosine similarity search,\" in IEEE\/ACM ICCAD, 2022, pp. 1--9.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM ICCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"See-mcam: Scalable multi-bit fefet content addressable memories for energy efficient associative search","author":"Shou S.","year":"2023","unstructured":"S. Shou et al., \"See-mcam: Scalable multi-bit fefet content addressable memories for energy efficient associative search,\" in IEEE\/ACM ICCAD. IEEE, 2023, pp. 1--9.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM ICCAD. IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Associative memory based experience replay for deep reinforcement learning","author":"Li M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"M. Li et al., \"Associative memory based experience replay for deep reinforcement learning,\" in IEEE\/ACM ICCAD, 2022, pp. 1--9.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM ICCAD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","first-page":"679","volume-title":"Survey of improving k-nearest-neighbor for classification,\" in FSKD","author":"Jiang L.","year":"2007","unstructured":"L. Jiang et al., \"Survey of improving k-nearest-neighbor for classification,\" in FSKD, vol. 1. IEEE, 2007, pp. 679--683."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"\"Uci machine learning repository \" https:\/\/archive.ics.uci.edu\/ml\/datasets."}],"event":{"name":"ICCAD '24: 43rd IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design","location":"Newark Liberty International Airport Marriott New York NY USA","acronym":"ICCAD '24","sponsor":["SIGDA ACM Special Interest Group on Design Automation","IEEE CAS","IEEE CEDA","IEEE EDS"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3676536.3676699","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3676536.3676699","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T23:43:57Z","timestamp":1750290237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3676536.3676699"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3676536.3676699","10.1145\/3676536"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3676536.3676699","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}