{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T01:50:12Z","timestamp":1778205012790,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":29,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006374","name":"DOE U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DESC0012704,DE-AC05-00OR22725,"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DESC0012704,DE-AC05-00OR22725,"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006374","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCF-2338063,2427109,2422169,2048144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCF-2338063,2427109,2422169,2048144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3676641.3716001","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T16:47:32Z","timestamp":1743094052000},"page":"515-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["HetEC: Architectures for Heterogeneous Quantum Error Correction Codes"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2655-8251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Stein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Computing Technologies, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9103-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shifan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Applied Physics and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9786-8196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Quantum, IBM T.J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9614-2836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodore J.","family":"Yoder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Quantum, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, BY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8022-2695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Javadi-Abhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Quantum, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2616-3126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenxu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Computing Technologies, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9038-8733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Applied Physics and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1065-0942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeyuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Applied Physics and Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5337-5821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlie","family":"Guinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8716-5793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yufei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2338-1315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongshan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Applied Physics, Yale Quantum Institute and Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3734-9137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Future Computing Technologies, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Rajeev Acharya Laleh Aghababaie-Beni Igor Aleiner Trond I Andersen Markus Ansmann Frank Arute Kunal Arya Abraham Asfaw Nikita Astrakhantsev Juan Atalaya et al. 2024. Quantum error correction below the surface code threshold. arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.13687 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Mathias Soeken, Aarthi Sundaram, and Alexander Vaschillo.","author":"Beverland Michael E","year":"2022","unstructured":"Michael E Beverland, Prakash Murali, Matthias Troyer, Krysta M Svore, Torsten Hoefler, Vadym Kliuchnikov, Guang Hao Low, Mathias Soeken, Aarthi Sundaram, and Alexander Vaschillo. 2022. Assessing requirements to scale to practical quantum advantage. arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.07629 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07107-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.71.022316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PRXQuantum.2.040101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PRXQuantum.3.010331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Science Advances","volume":"8","author":"Cohen Lawrence Z","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lawrence Z Cohen, Isaac H Kim, Stephen D Bartlett, and Benjamin J Brown. 2022. Low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computing using long-range connectivity. Science Advances, Vol. 8, 20 (2022), eabn1717."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Linear-Size Ancilla Systems for Logical Measurements in QLDPC Codes. arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.18393","author":"Cross Andrew","year":"2024","unstructured":"Andrew Cross, Zhiyang He, Patrick Rall, and Theodore Yoder. 2024. Linear-Size Ancilla Systems for Logical Measurements in QLDPC Codes. arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.18393 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.86.032324"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Magic state cultivation: growing T states as cheap as CNOT gates. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.17595","author":"Gidney Craig","year":"2024","unstructured":"Craig Gidney, Noah Shutty, and Cody Jones. 2024. Magic state cultivation: growing T states as cheap as CNOT gates. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.17595 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Fault-tolerant logical measurements via homological measurement. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.02753","author":"Ide Benjamin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Benjamin Ide, Manoj G Gowda, Priya J Nadkarni, and Guillaume Dauphinais. 2024. Fault-tolerant logical measurements via homological measurement. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.02753 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Using concatenated quantum codes for universal fault-tolerant quantum gates. Physical review letters","author":"Jochym-O'Connor Tomas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tomas Jochym-O'Connor and Raymond Laflamme. 2014. Using concatenated quantum codes for universal fault-tolerant quantum gates. Physical review letters, Vol. 112, 1 (2014), 010505."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/369608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2058-9565\/ac734b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3591364"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2019-03-05-128"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2019-12-02-205"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2018-05-04-62"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Hierarchical memories: Simulating quantum ldpc codes with local gates. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.04798","author":"Pattison Christopher A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Christopher A Pattison, Anirudh Krishna, and John Preskill. 2023. Hierarchical memories: Simulating quantum ldpc codes with local gates. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.04798 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.66.032304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Optimal ancilla-free Clifford T approximation of z-rotations. arXiv preprint arXiv:1403.2975","author":"Ross Neil J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Neil J Ross and Peter Selinger. 2014. Optimal ancilla-free Clifford T approximation of z-rotations. arXiv preprint arXiv:1403.2975 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Fault-Tolerant Logical Clifford Gates from Code Automorphisms. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.18175","author":"Sayginel Hasan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hasan Sayginel, Stergios Koutsioumpas, Mark Webster, Abhishek Rajput, and Dan E Browne. 2024. Fault-Tolerant Logical Clifford Gates from Code Automorphisms. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.18175 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MICRO56248.2022.00078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Universal adapters between quantum LDPC codes. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.03628","author":"Swaroop Esha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Esha Swaroop, Tomas Jochym-O'Connor, and Theodore J Yoder. 2024. Universal adapters between quantum LDPC codes. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.03628 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1150019.1136518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2013.2292061"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation by gauging logical operators. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.02213","author":"Williamson Dominic J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dominic J Williamson and Theodore J Yoder. 2024. Low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation by gauging logical operators. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.02213 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/QCE57702.2023.00107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Christopher A Pattison, Nithin Raveendran, Dolev Bluvstein, Jonathan Wurtz, Bane Vasi\u0107, Mikhail D Lukin, Liang Jiang, and Hengyun Zhou.","author":"Xu Qian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qian Xu, J Pablo Bonilla Ataides, Christopher A Pattison, Nithin Raveendran, Dolev Bluvstein, Jonathan Wurtz, Bane Vasi\u0107, Mikhail D Lukin, Liang Jiang, and Hengyun Zhou. 2024. Constant-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation with reconfigurable atom arrays. Nature Physics (2024), 1--7."}],"event":{"name":"ASPLOS '25: 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","location":"Rotterdam Netherlands","acronym":"ASPLOS '25","sponsor":["SIGPLAN ACM Special Interest Group on Programming Languages","SIGOPS ACM Special Interest Group on Operating Systems","SIGARCH ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Architecture"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 2"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3676641.3716001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3676641.3716001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T11:08:43Z","timestamp":1755774523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3676641.3716001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3676641.3716001","10.1145\/3676641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3676641.3716001","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}