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Most blockchains trap users and applications in their isolated space without the possibility of cooperating or switching to other blockchains. Therefore, blockchains need additional mechanisms for seamless communication and arbitrary data exchange between each other and external systems. Unfortunately, current approaches for cross-blockchain communication are resource-intensive or require additional blockchains or tailored solutions depending on the applied consensus mechanisms of the connected blockchains. Therefore, we propose an oracle with an off-chain aggregation mechanism based on Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-interactive Arguments of Knowledge (zk-SNARKs) to facilitate cross-blockchain communication. The oracle queries data from another blockchain and applies a rollup-like mechanism to move state and computation off-chain. The\n                    <jats:italic>zkOracle<\/jats:italic>\n                    contract only expects the transferred data, an updated state root, and proof of the correct execution of the aggregation mechanism. The proposed solution only requires constant 378 kgas to submit data on the Ethereum blockchain and is primarily independent of the underlying technology of the queried blockchains.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3678187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T12:07:21Z","timestamp":1721045241000},"page":"1-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Cross-Blockchain Communication Using Oracles With an Off-Chain Aggregation Mechanism Based on zk-SNARKs"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9612-9022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Sober","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5680-3003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Scaffino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Wien, Vienna, Austria and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6828-9945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3554761","article-title":"Chain-Net: An internet-inspired framework for interoperable blockchains","volume":"1","author":"Abdullah Sidrah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sidrah Abdullah, Junaid Arshad, and Muhammad Alsadi. 2022. 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