{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T10:30:32Z","timestamp":1770287432357,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":37,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3685650.3685661","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T10:19:28Z","timestamp":1726654768000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["ZigZag: A Robust Adaptive Approach to Non-Uniformly Illuminated Document Image Binarization"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6013-4911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Bloechle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CoPeLab Group, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5616-6830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Hennebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iCoSys Institute, University of Applied Science Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6712-0846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Gisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iCoSys Institute, University of Applied Science Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/www.abbyy.com\/en-us\/finereader\/Accessed on","author":"ABBYY.","year":"2023","unstructured":"ABBYY. 2023. ABBYY FineReader 2023. https:\/\/www.abbyy.com\/en-us\/finereader\/Accessed on September 8, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2006.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Lubomira Horanska, Javier Fumanal-Idocin, Luigi Troiano, Roberto Tagliaferri, Javier Fernandez, Humberto Bustince, et al.","author":"Bardozzo Francesco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Francesco Bardozzo, Borja De La Osa, Lubomira Horanska, Javier Fumanal-Idocin, Luigi Troiano, Roberto Tagliaferri, Javier Fernandez, Humberto Bustince, et al. 2020. Adaptive binarization based on fuzzy integrals. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.08755 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging9020041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Proc. Eighth Int'l conf. Pattern Recognition","author":"Bernsen John","year":"1986","unstructured":"John Bernsen. 1986. Dynamic thresholding of gray-level images. In Proc. Eighth Int'l conf. Pattern Recognition, Paris, 1986."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3573128.3609354"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2151237X.2007.10129236"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2018.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2009.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/964965.808600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1587\/elex.1.501"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Adaptive degraded document image binarization. Pattern recognition 39, 3","author":"Gatos Basilios","year":"2006","unstructured":"Basilios Gatos, Ioannis Pratikakis, and Stavros J Perantonis. 2006. Adaptive degraded document image binarization. Pattern recognition 39, 3 (2006), 317--327."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Google Cloud Vision OCR. https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/vision Accessed on","year":"2023","unstructured":"Google. 2023. Google Cloud Vision OCR. https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/vision Accessed on September 8, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"DeepOtsu: Document enhancement and binarization using iterative deep learning. Pattern recognition 91","author":"He Sheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sheng He and Lambert Schomaker. 2019. DeepOtsu: Document enhancement and binarization using iterative deep learning. Pattern recognition 91 (2019), 379--390."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2013.236"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Document Recognition and Retrieval XVI","author":"Khurshid Khurram","unstructured":"Khurram Khurshid, Imran Siddiqi, Claudie Faure, and Nicole Vincent. 2009. Comparison of Niblack inspired binarization methods for ancient documents. In Document Recognition and Retrieval XVI, Vol. 7247. SPIE, 267--275."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-41676-7_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Vladimir I Levenshtein et al. 1966. Binary codes capable of correcting deletions insertions and reversals. In Soviet physics doklady Vol. 10. Soviet Union 707--710."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Two Decades of Document Processing in Latin America","volume":"17","author":"Lins Rafael Dueire","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rafael Dueire Lins. 2011. Two Decades of Document Processing in Latin America. J. Univers. Comput. Sci 17, 1 (2011), 151--161.","journal-title":"J. Univers. Comput. Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-06555-2_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","first-page":"627","article-title":"Fast Binarization of Unevenly Illuminated Document Images Based on Background Estimation for Optical Character Recognition Purposes","volume":"25","author":"Michalak Hubert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hubert Michalak and Krzysztof Okarma. 2019. Fast Binarization of Unevenly Illuminated Document Images Based on Background Estimation for Optical Character Recognition Purposes. J. Univers. Comput. Sci. 25, 6 (2019), 627--646.","journal-title":"J. Univers. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20102914"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2011.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-022-13431-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPIN.2016.7566680"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2017.121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"ICDAR2017 competition on document image binarization (DIBCO 2017). In 2017 14th IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","volume":"1","author":"Pratikakis Ioannis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ioannis Pratikakis, Konstantinos Zagoris, George Barlas, and Basilis Gatos. 2017. ICDAR2017 competition on document image binarization (DIBCO 2017). In 2017 14th IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), Vol. 1. IEEE, 1395--1403."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Adaptive document image binarization. Pattern recognition 33, 2","author":"Sauvola Jaakko","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jaakko Sauvola and Matti Pietik\u00e4inen. 2000. Adaptive document image binarization. Pattern recognition 33, 2 (2000), 225--236."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Document recognition and retrieval XV","author":"Shafait Faisal","unstructured":"Faisal Shafait, Daniel Keysers, and Thomas M Breuel. 2008. Efficient implementation of local adaptive thresholding techniques using integral images. In Document recognition and retrieval XV, Vol. 6815. SPIE, 317--322."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2011.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2004.1334277"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2017.25"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2002.999677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Extraction and recognition of artificial text in multimedia documents","volume":"6","author":"Wolf Christian","year":"2004","unstructured":"Christian Wolf and J-M Jolion. 2004. Extraction and recognition of artificial text in multimedia documents. Formal Pattern Analysis & Applications 6, 4 (2004), 309--326.","journal-title":"Formal Pattern Analysis & Applications"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","first-page":"1778","article-title":"DP-LinkNet: A convolutional network for historical document image binarization","volume":"15","author":"Xiong Wei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wei Xiong, Xiuhong Jia, Dichun Yang, Meihui Ai, Lirong Li, and Song Wang. 2021. DP-LinkNet: A convolutional network for historical document image binarization. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS) 15, 5 (2021), 1778--1797.","journal-title":"KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)"}],"event":{"name":"DocEng '24: ACM Symposium on Document Engineering 2024","location":"San Jose CA USA","acronym":"DocEng '24","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Document Engineering 2024"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3685650.3685661","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3685650.3685661","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:06:18Z","timestamp":1750291578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3685650.3685661"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3685650.3685661","10.1145\/3685650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3685650.3685661","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}