{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:36Z","timestamp":1772064036131,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]],"date-time":"2024-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Distrib. Ledger Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>By implementing a successful and effective Electronic-Know Your Customer (e-KYC) infrastructure, conventional defects and expenses may be greatly reduced. Strong authentication procedures are used by existing e-KYC solutions to guarantee safety and confidentiality. However, these technologies have shortcomings like as key administration expenses and dependency on encryption. We suggest a revolutionary strategy that integrates blockchain technology, Web 3.0, and quantum computing to get around these restrictions. In this research, we show how current e-KYC processes could possibly be improved, making them faster and more reliable, by integrating Web 3.0 with quantum computing. Our solution makes it simple to quickly verify several consumers, increasing productivity. We provide improved safety for online requests, transcending the weaknesses inherent in traditional encryption techniques by utilizing quantum computing technology and applying the concept of quantum encryption key methodology. We contribute to the development of safe and private solutions by addressing the shortcomings of the present e-KYC systems. The results of our research show how Web 3.0 and quantum computer technology have the power to completely alter the e-KYC environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3686166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T14:01:14Z","timestamp":1722866474000},"page":"1-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhancing e-KYC Security and Privacy: Harnessing Quantum Computing and Blockchain in Web 3.0"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9144-4812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. M. Faruk","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cybersecurity Cell, Rupali Bank Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2317-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imran","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1372-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Soumike","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5777-9883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Bangladesh University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5267-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abu Jor","family":"Al Gefari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajshahi Science and Technology University, Natore, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7718-4751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zain","family":"Buksh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, The University of Fiji, Lautoka, Fiji"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6656-6240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Software Systems and Cybersecurity, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9673-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A B M Shawkat","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, The University of Fiji, Lautoka, Fiji"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yew Kee Wong Yifan Zhou Xinlin Zhou Yan Shing Liang and Zi Yan Li. 2024. Novel Long Distance Free Space Quantum Secure Direct Communication for Web 3.0 Networks. DOI: 10.48550\/arXiv.2402.09108","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2402.09108"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3366527"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13061137"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3172973"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2021.103553"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.2017.8048838"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","unstructured":"G. Wood. 2014. Ethereum: A Secure Decentralized Generalized Transaction Ledger."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1109\/ICD47981.2019.9105874","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Digitization (ICD)","author":"Lalitha N.","year":"2019","unstructured":"N. Lalitha and D. Soujanya. 2019. Financial Sector Innovations: Empowering Microfinance through the Application of KYC Blockchain Technology. In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Digitization (ICD), 237\u2013243."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1587\/transfun.2022CIP0008"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Distributed Blockchain-Based Authentication and Authorization Protocol for Smart Grid.","author":"Zhong Y.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y. Zhong, M. Zhou, J. Li, J. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. Zhao, and M. Hu. 2021. Distributed Blockchain-Based Authentication and Authorization Protocol for Smart Grid. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 1\u201315.","journal-title":"Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","article-title":"When Quantum Information Technologies Meet Blockchain in Web 3.0.","author":"Xu M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"M. Xu, X. Ren, D. Niyato, J. Kang, C. Qiu, Z. Xiong, X. Wang, and V. C. Leung. 2023. When Quantum Information Technologies Meet Blockchain in Web 3.0. IEEE Network.","journal-title":"IEEE Network"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1109\/BLOC.2019.8751480","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)","author":"Norvill R.","year":"2019","unstructured":"R. Norvill, M. Steichen, W. M. Shbair, and R. State. 2019. \u201dBlockchain for the Simplification and Automation of KYC Result Sharing. In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), 9\u201310."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-59665-5_15","volume-title":"Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems: 17th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, DAIS 2017, Held as Part of the 12th International Federated Conference on Distributed Computing Techniques (DisCoTec \u201917)","author":"Maesa D. Francesco","year":"2017","unstructured":"D. Francesco Maesa, P. Mori, and L. Ricci. 2017. Blockchain-Based Access Control. In Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems: 17th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, DAIS 2017, Held as Part of the 12th International Federated Conference on Distributed Computing Techniques (DisCoTec \u201917), Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, 206\u2013220."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","first-page":"1129","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom), and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData)","author":"Soltani R.","year":"2018","unstructured":"R. Soltani, U. T. Nguyen, and A. An. 2018. A New Approach to Client Onboarding Using Self-Sovereign Identity and Distributed Ledger. In Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom), and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData). IEEE, 1129\u20131136."},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5120\/17039-7347","article-title":"Reducing Risk in KYC (Know Your Customer) for Large Indian Banks Using Big Data Analytics.","volume":"97","author":"Soni A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"A. Soni and R. Duggal. 2014. Reducing Risk in KYC (Know Your Customer) for Large Indian Banks Using Big Data Analytics. International Journal of Computer Applications 97, 9 (2014).","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Applications"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3328536"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2936094"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2020.102067"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","unstructured":"S. Nakamoto. 2020. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. Retrieved February 23 2020 from https:\/\/git.dhimmel.com\/bitcoin-whitepaper\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Parra-Moyano T. Thoroddsen and O. Ross. 2018. Optimized and Dynamic KYC System based on Blockchain Technology. Available at SSRN 3248913.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3248913"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","first-page":"132","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Security and Internet of Things","author":"Hanbar H.","year":"2019","unstructured":"H. Hanbar, V. Shukla, C. Modi, and C. Vyjayanthi. 2019. Optimizing e-KYC Process Using Distributed Ledger Technology and Smart Contracts. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Security and Internet of Things, Springer, 2019, 132\u2013145."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-3125-5_9","article-title":"Smart KYC Using Blockchain and IPFS.","author":"Singhal N.","year":"2020","unstructured":"N. Singhal, M. K. Sharma, S. S. Samant, P. Goswami, and Y. A. Reddy. 2020. Smart KYC Using Blockchain and IPFS. Advances in Cybernetics, Cognition, and Machine Learning for Communication Technologies, 77\u201384.","journal-title":"Advances in Cybernetics, Cognition, and Machine Learning for Communication Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","first-page":"137","article-title":"Blockchain-Enabled e-KYC System.","author":"Rajyashree U. A.","year":"2019","unstructured":"U. A. Rajyashree, S. Doulani, and S. Pareek. 2019. Blockchain-Enabled e-KYC System. International Research Journal of Computer Science VI (2019), 137\u2013143.","journal-title":"International Research Journal of Computer Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","first-page":"16","article-title":"Blockchain as the Newest Regtech Application-The Opportunity to Reduce the Burden of KYC for Financial Institutions","volume":"36","author":"Lootsma Y.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Y. Lootsma. 2017. Blockchain as the Newest Regtech Application-The Opportunity to Reduce the Burden of KYC for Financial Institutions. Bank Finance Service Policy Reports 36(8), 16\u201321.","journal-title":"Bank Finance Service Policy Reports"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181fe7825"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","unstructured":"Know Your Customer Wikipedia. Retrieved June 12 2022 from https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Know_your_customer"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","unstructured":"J. Jaeger. 2021. Report: Financial Firms Fined 26b for AML Sanctions KYC Non-Compliance since 2008. Retrieved October 14 2021 from https:\/\/www.complianceweek.com\/report-financial-firms-fined-26b-for-aml-sanctionskyc-non-compliance-since-2008\/8088.article"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","unstructured":"About Aadhaar Paperless Offline e-KYC\u2014Unique Identification Authority of India: Government of India. Retrieved October 14 2021 from https:\/\/uidai.gov.in\/ecosystem\/authentication-devices-documents\/about-aadhaar-paperlessoffline-e-KYC.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","unstructured":"Myinfo: Speed Up e-KYC Processes for Individual Users Easily with Data from Government Sources. Retrieved October 14 2021 from https:\/\/api.singpass.gov.sg\/library\/myinfo\/business\/introduction"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","unstructured":"Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System: Joint Statement on Innovative Efforts to Combat Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing. Retrieved October 14 2021 from https:\/\/www.federalreserve.gov\/newsevents\/pressreleases\/files\/bcreg20181203a1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","unstructured":"RBI Allows Regulated Entities to Use Video-Based KYC. Retrieved October 14 2021 from https:\/\/www.regulationasia.com\/rbi-allowsregulated-entities-to-use-video-based-kyc\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","unstructured":"Circular 3\/2017 (GW)\u2014Video Identification Procedures. Retrieved October 14 2021 from https:\/\/www.bafin.de\/SharedDocs\/ Veroeffentlichungen\/EN\/Rundschreiben\/2017\/rs_1703_gw_videoident_en.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2017.10.070"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","article-title":"Enhancing Cloud Security and Privacy: The Power and the Weakness of the Audit Trail.","author":"Duncan R. A. K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"R. A. K. Duncan and M. Whittington. 2016. Enhancing Cloud Security and Privacy: The Power and the Weakness of the Audit Trail. Cloud Computing.","journal-title":"Cloud Computing"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Anatomy of Management Fraud Schemes: Analyses and Implications.","volume":"15","author":"Gao L.","year":"2011","unstructured":"L. Gao and R. P. Srivastava. 2011. The Anatomy of Management Fraud Schemes: Analyses and Implications. Indian Account Review 15, 1 (2011), 1\u201323.","journal-title":"Indian Account Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","first-page":"170","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2011 International Conference on Advancements in Information Technology (AIT 2011)","author":"Khanuja H. K.","year":"2011","unstructured":"H. K. Khanuja and D. Adane. 2011. Database Security Threats and Challenges in Database Forensic: A Survey.In Proceedings of 2011 International Conference on Advancements in Information Technology (AIT 2011), 170\u2013175."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","first-page":"1005","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","author":"Lee K. H.","unstructured":"K. H. Lee, X. Zhang, and D. Xu, Loggc: Garbage Collecting Audit Log. In Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, 1005\u20131016."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","unstructured":"American Cyber Defense Agency. Post-Quantum Cryptography Initiative. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cisa.gov\/quantum"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","unstructured":"NIST Cybersecurity White Paper. Getting Ready for Post-Quantum Cryptography: Exploring Challenges Associated with Adopting and Using Post-Quantum Cryptographic Algorithms. Retrieved from https:\/\/nvlpubs.nist.gov\/nistpubs\/CSWP\/NIST.CSWP.04282021.pdf"}],"container-title":["Distributed Ledger Technologies: Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3686166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3686166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:17:51Z","timestamp":1750295871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3686166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3686166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3686166","relation":{},"ISSN":["2769-6480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2769-6480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}