{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T17:56:30Z","timestamp":1784742990102,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We propose the Medial Skeletal Diagram, a novel skeletal representation that tackles the prevailing issues around skeleton sparsity and reconstruction accuracy in existing skeletal representations. Our approach augments the continuous elements in the medial axis representation to effectively shift the complexity away from the discrete elements. To that end, we introduce generalized enveloping primitives, an enhancement over the standard primitives in the medial axis, which ensure efficient coverage of intricate local features of the input shape and substantially reduce the number of discrete elements required. Moreover, we present a computational framework for constructing a medial skeletal diagram from an arbitrary closed manifold mesh. Our optimization pipeline ensures that the resulting medial skeletal diagram comprehensively covers the input shape with the fewest primitives. Additionally, each optimized primitive undergoes a post-refinement process to guarantee an accurate match with the source mesh in both geometry and tessellation. We validate our approach on a comprehensive benchmark of 100 shapes, demonstrating the sparsity of the discrete elements and superior reconstruction accuracy across a variety of cases. Finally, we exemplify the versatility of our representation in downstream applications such as shape generation, mesh decomposition, shape optimization, mesh alignment, mesh compression, and user-interactive design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3687964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T15:46:04Z","timestamp":1732031164000},"page":"1-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Medial Skeletal Diagram: A Generalized Medial Axis Approach for Compact 3D Shape Representation"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3408-4997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghao","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1439-1455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bohan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0212-5643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Matusik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSAIL, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the fourteenth annual symposium on Computational geometry. 39--48","author":"Amenta N.","unstructured":"N. Amenta and M. Bern. 1998. Surface reconstruction by Voronoi filtering. In Proceedings of the fourteenth annual symposium on Computational geometry. 39--48."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the sixth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications. 249--266","author":"Amenta N.","unstructured":"N. Amenta, S. Choi, and R. K. Kolluri. 2001a. The power crust. In Proceedings of the sixth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications. 249--266."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7721(01)00017-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Attali J.-D. Boissonnat and H. Edelsbrunner. 2009. Stability and computation of medial axes-a state-of-the-art report. Mathematical foundations of scientific visualization computer graphics and massive data exploration (2009) 109--125.","DOI":"10.1007\/b106657_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Skeleton extraction by mesh contraction. ACM Trans. on graphics (TOG) 27, 3","author":"Au O. K.-C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"O. K.-C. Au, C.-L. Tai, H.-K. Chu, D. Cohen-Or, and T.-Y. Lee. 2008. Skeleton extraction by mesh contraction. ACM Trans. on graphics (TOG) 27, 3 (2008), 1--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3459233"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2601097.2601226"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Multilevel Skeletonization Using Local Separators. In 39th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG","author":"B\u00e6rentzen J A.","year":"2023","unstructured":"J A. B\u00e6rentzen, R. E. Christensen, E. T. G\u00e6de, and E. Rotenberg. 2023. Multilevel Skeletonization Using Local Separators. In 39th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2023). Schloss-Dagstuhl-Leibniz Zentrum f\u00fcr Informatik."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. Baran and J. Popovi\u0107. 2007. Automatic rigging and animation of 3d characters. ACM Trans. on graphics (TOG) 26 3 (2007) 72--es.","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276467"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. Bell J. Norato and D. Tortorelli. 2012. A geometry projection method for continuum-based topology optimization of structures. In 12th AIAA Aviation Technology integration and operations (ATIO) conference and 14th AIAA\/ISSMO multidisciplinary analysis and optimization conference. 5485.","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2012-5485"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"A transformation for extracting new descriptions of shape. Models for the perception of speech and visual form","author":"Blum H.","year":"1967","unstructured":"H. Blum. 1967. A transformation for extracting new descriptions of shape. Models for the perception of speech and visual form (1967), 362--380."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2366145.2366217"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Botsch L. Kobbelt M. Pauly P. Alliez and B. L\u00e9vy. 2010. Polygon mesh processing. CRC press.","DOI":"10.1201\/b10688"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Bouaziz S. Martin T. Liu L. Kavan and M. Pauly. 2014. Projective dynamics: Fusing constraint projections for fast simulation. ACM Trans. on graphics (TOG) 33 4 (2014) 1--11.","DOI":"10.1145\/2601097.2601116"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Chazal and A. Lieutier. 2005. The \"\u03bb-medial axis\". Graphical models 67 4 (2005) 304--331.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gmod.2005.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Chen V. Shapiro K. Suresh and I. Tsukanov. 2007. Shape optimization with topological changes and parametric control. International journal for numerical methods in engineering 71 3 (2007) 313--346.","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.1943"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/777792.777839"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cagd.2003.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"T. Dey H. Edelsbrunner S. Guha and D. Nekhayev. 1999. Topology preserving edge contraction. Publications de l'Institut Math\u00e9matique 66 (1999)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the seventh ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications. 356--366","author":"Dey T. K","unstructured":"T. K Dey and W. Zhao. 2002. Approximate medial axis as a voronoi subcomplex. In Proceedings of the seventh ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications. 356--366."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00453-003-1049-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Coverage Axis: Inner Point Selection for 3D Shape Skeletonization. In Computer Graphics Forum","author":"Dou Z.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Z. Dou, C. Lin, R. Xu, L. Yang, S. Xin, T. Komura, and W. Wang. 2022. Coverage Axis: Inner Point Selection for 3D Shape Skeletonization. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 41. Wiley Online Library, 419--432."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/177424.178010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Advances in Visual Computing: 4th International Symposium, ISVC 2008, Las Vegas, NV, USA, December 1--3, 2008. Proceedings, Part I 4. Springer, 381--392","author":"Fang R.","unstructured":"R. Fang, A. Godil, X. Li, and A. Wagan. 2008. A new shape benchmark for 3D object retrieval. In Advances in Visual Computing: 4th International Symposium, ISVC 2008, Las Vegas, NV, USA, December 1--3, 2008. Proceedings, Part I 4. Springer, 381--392."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications. 96--107","author":"Foskey M.","unstructured":"M. Foskey, M. C Lin, and D. Manocha. 2003. Efficient computation of a simplified medial axis. In Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications. 96--107."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/258734.258849"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3658223"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2461912.2461913"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Jacobson D. Panozzo et al. 2018. libigl: A simple C++ geometry processing library. https:\/\/libigl.github.io\/.","DOI":"10.1145\/3134472.3134497"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11081-022-09715-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Smooth manifolds","author":"Lee J. M","unstructured":"J. M Lee. 2012. Smooth manifolds. Springer."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2753755","article-title":"Q-mat: Computing medial axis transform by quadratic error minimization","volume":"35","author":"Li P.","year":"2015","unstructured":"P. Li, B. Wang, F. Sun, X. Guo, C. Zhang, and W. Wang. 2015. Q-mat: Computing medial axis transform by quadratic error minimization. ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG) 35, 1 (2015), 1--16.","journal-title":"ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/ICA-200641"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/781606.781620"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 4277--4286","author":"Lin C.","unstructured":"C. Lin, C. Li, Y. Liu, N. Chen, Y.-K. Choi, and W. Wang. 2021. Point2skeleton: Learning skeletal representations from point clouds. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 4277--4286."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Lin L. Liu C. Li L. Kobbelt B. Wang S. Xin and W. Wang. 2020. Seg-mat: 3d shape segmentation using medial axis transform. IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics 28 6 (2020) 2430--2444.","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2020.3032566"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Livesu F. Guggeri and R. Scateni. 2012. Reconstructing the curve-skeletons of 3D shapes using the visual hull. IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics 18 11 (2012) 1891--1901.","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2012.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1982.1056489"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","unstructured":"W.-C. Ma F.-C. Wu and M. Ouhyoung. 2003. Skeleton extraction of 3D objects with radial basis functions. In 2003 Shape Modeling International. IEEE 207--215."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Volumetric hierarchical approximate convex decomposition. Game engine gems 3","author":"Mamou K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"K. Mamou, E Lengyel, and A Peters. 2016. Volumetric hierarchical approximate convex decomposition. Game engine gems 3 (2016), 141--158."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3478513.3480551"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers. 1--10","author":"Miklos B.","unstructured":"B. Miklos, J. Giesen, and M. Pauly. 2010. Discrete scale axis representations for 3D geometry. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers. 1--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"CCCG","volume":"93","author":"Milenkovic V.","year":"1993","unstructured":"V. Milenkovic. 1993. Robust Construction of the Voronoi Diagram of a Polyhedron.. In CCCG, Vol. 93. Citeseer, 473--478."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 909--918","author":"Mo K.","unstructured":"K. Mo, S. Zhu, A. X Chang, L. Yi, S. Tripathi, L. J Guibas, and H. Su. 2019. Partnet: A large-scale benchmark for fine-grained and hierarchical part-level 3d object understanding. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 909--918."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Analysis on manifolds","author":"Munkres J. R","unstructured":"J. R Munkres. 2018. Analysis on manifolds. CRC Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Face Extrusion Quad Meshes. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2022 Conference Proceedings. 1--9.","author":"Pandey K.","unstructured":"K. Pandey, J. A. B\u00e6rentzen, and K. Singh. 2022. Face Extrusion Quad Meshes. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2022 Conference Proceedings. 1--9."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision 55","author":"Pizer S. M","year":"2003","unstructured":"S. M Pizer, K. Siddiqi, G. Sz\u00e9kely, J. N Damon, and S. W Zucker. 2003. Multiscale medial loci and their properties. International Journal of Computer Vision 55 (2003)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Forum","volume":"38","author":"Rebain D.","unstructured":"D. Rebain, B. Angles, J. Valentin, N. Vining, J. Peethambaran, S. Izadi, and A. Tagliasacchi. 2019. LSMAT least squares medial axis transform. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 38. Wiley Online Library, 5--18."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","unstructured":"D. Rebain K. Li V. Sitzmann S. Yazdani K. M. Yi and A. Tagliasacchi. 2021. Deep medial fields. arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.03804 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/355609.362324"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"A survey on skeletonization algorithms and their applications. Pattern recognition letters 76","author":"Saha P. K","year":"2016","unstructured":"P. K Saha, G. Borgefors, and G. S. di Baja. 2016. A survey on skeletonization algorithms and their applications. Pattern recognition letters 76 (2016), 3--12."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Forum","volume":"26","author":"Sharf A.","unstructured":"A. Sharf, T. Lewiner, A. Shamir, and L. Kobbelt. 2007. On-the-fly curve-skeleton computation for 3d shapes. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 26. Wiley Online Library, 323--328."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Forum","volume":"39","author":"Sharp N.","unstructured":"N. Sharp and K. Crane. 2020. A laplacian for nonmanifold triangle meshes. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 39. Wiley Online Library, 69--80."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2010.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2945.489386"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","unstructured":"P. D. Simari and K. Singh. 2005. Extraction and remeshing of ellipsoidal representations from mesh data.. In Graphics Interface. 161--168."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2014.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling. 39--50","author":"Sud A.","unstructured":"A. Sud, M. Foskey, and D. Manocha. 2005. Homotopy-preserving medial axis simplification. In Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling. 39--50."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Sun Y.-K. Choi Y. Yu and W. Wang. 2015. Medial meshes-a compact and accurate representation of medial axis transform. IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics 22 3 (2015) 1278--1290.","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2015.2448080"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1073204.1073228"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Forum","volume":"31","author":"Tagliasacchi A.","unstructured":"A. Tagliasacchi, I. Alhashim, M. Olson, and H. Zhang. 2012. Mean curvature skeletons. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 31. Wiley Online Library, 1735--1744."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Forum","volume":"35","author":"Tagliasacchi A.","unstructured":"A. Tagliasacchi, T. Delame, M. Spagnuolo, N. Amenta, and A. Telea. 2016. 3D skeletons: A state-of-the-art report. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 35. Wiley Online Library, 573--597."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ieee\/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 4541--4550","author":"Tang J.","unstructured":"J. Tang, X. Han, J. Pan, K. Jia, and X. Tong. 2019. A skeleton-bridged deep learning approach for generating meshes of complex topologies from single rgb images. In Proceedings of the ieee\/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 4541--4550."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-007-0181-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3550454.3555465","article-title":"Computing Medial Axis Transform with Feature Preservation via Restricted Power Diagram","volume":"41","author":"Wang N.","year":"2022","unstructured":"N. Wang, B. Wang, W. Wang, and X. Guo. 2022a. Computing Medial Axis Transform with Feature Preservation via Restricted Power Diagram. ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG) 41, 6 (2022), 1--18.","journal-title":"ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3533768","article-title":"Restricted Delaunay Triangulation for Explicit Surface Reconstruction","volume":"41","author":"Wang P.","year":"2022","unstructured":"P. Wang, Z. Wang, S. Xin, X. Gao, W. Wang, and C. Tu. 2022b. Restricted Delaunay Triangulation for Explicit Surface Reconstruction. ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG) 41, 5 (2022), 1--20.","journal-title":"ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cagd.2020.101848"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3528223.3530103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2407516.2407591"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2816795.2818073","article-title":"Deep points consolidation","volume":"34","author":"Wu S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"S. Wu, H. Huang, M. Gong, M. Zwicker, and D. Cohen-Or. 2015. Deep points consolidation. ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG) 34, 6 (2015), 1--13.","journal-title":"ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3550454.3555453"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.00835"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Forum","volume":"28","author":"Yan D.-M.","unstructured":"D.-M. Yan, B. L\u00e9vy, Y. Liu, F. Sun, and W. Wang. 2009. Isotropic remeshing with fast and exact computation of restricted Voronoi diagram. In Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 28. Wiley Online Library, 1445--1454."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3197517.3201396","article-title":"Voxel cores: Efficient, robust, and provably good approximation of 3d medial axes","volume":"37","author":"Yan Y.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Y. Yan, D. Letscher, and T. Ju. 2018. Voxel cores: Efficient, robust, and provably good approximation of 3d medial axes. ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG) 37, 4 (2018), 1--13.","journal-title":"ACM Trans. on Graphics (TOG)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2980179.2980241"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cagd.2020.101874"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2816795.2818074"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3687964","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3687964","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:09:58Z","timestamp":1750295398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3687964"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3687964"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3687964","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-0301","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7368","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}