{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T03:07:44Z","timestamp":1778123264225,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":20,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006374","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01070303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01070303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3689932.3694770","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T06:24:01Z","timestamp":1732256641000},"page":"184-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Offensive AI: Enhancing Directory Brute-forcing Attack with the Use of Language Models"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1809-2253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Castagnaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3612-1934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padua &amp; Delft University of Technology, Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6749-6608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Pajola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padua &amp; Spritz Matter Srl, Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CommNet49926.2020.9199617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Simon Pietro Romano, and Antonio Schiano","author":"Antonelli Diego","year":"2021","unstructured":"Diego Antonelli, Roberta Cascella, Gaetano Perrone, Simon Pietro Romano, and Antonio Schiano. 2021. Leveraging AI to optimize website structure discovery during Penetration Testing. arxiv: 2101.07223 [cs.CR]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22)","author":"Arp Daniel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Daniel Arp, Erwin Quiring, Feargus Pendlebury, Alexander Warnecke, Fabio Pierazzi, Christian Wressnegger, Lorenzo Cavallaro, and Konrad Rieck. 2022. Dos and don'ts of machine learning in computer security. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22). 3971--3988."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Natural language processing with Python: analyzing text with the natural language toolkit. \" O'Reilly Media","author":"Bird Steven","unstructured":"Steven Bird, Ewan Klein, and Edward Loper. 2009. Natural language processing with Python: analyzing text with the natural language toolkit. \" O'Reilly Media, Inc.\"."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2018.8698539"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Yupeng Chang Xu Wang Jindong Wang Yuan Wu Linyi Yang Kaijie Zhu Hao Chen Xiaoyuan Yi Cunxiang Wang Yidong Wang et al. 2023. A survey on evaluation of large language models. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Abrael Delgado. 2023. Who is the Prime Target for Cyber Attacks? -- compuquip.com. https:\/\/www.compuquip.com\/blog\/prime-target-for-cyber-attacks-and-to-look-out-for. [Accessed 10-05-2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22489\/CinC.2022.401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Long short-term memory. Neural computation","author":"Hochreiter Sepp","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sepp Hochreiter and J\u00fcrgen Schmidhuber. 1997. Long short-term memory. Neural computation, Vol. 9, 8 (1997), 1735--1780."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Kingma and Jimmy Ba","author":"Diederik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Diederik P. Kingma and Jimmy Ba. 2015. Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization. In 3rd International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2015, San Diego, CA, USA, May 7-9, 2015, Conference Track Proceedings, Yoshua Bengio and Yann LeCun (Eds.). http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1412.6980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.02.075"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.103006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"PyTorch: an imperative style, high-performance deep learning library","author":"Paszke Adam","unstructured":"Adam Paszke, Sam Gross, Francisco Massa, Adam Lerer, James Bradbury, Gregory Chanan, Trevor Killeen, Zeming Lin, Natalia Gimelshein, Luca Antiga, Alban Desmaison, Andreas K\u00f6pf, Edward Yang, Zach DeVito, Martin Raison, Alykhan Tejani, Sasank Chilamkurthy, Benoit Steiner, Lu Fang, Junjie Bai, and Soumith Chintala. 2019. PyTorch: an imperative style, high-performance deep learning library. Curran Associates Inc."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D15-1036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"The Constella Team. 2022. Top Common Targets for Hackers | How Do Hackers Choose Targets? - constella.ai. https:\/\/constella.ai\/top-common-targets-for-hackers\/. [Accessed 10-05--2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Attention is all you need. Advances in neural information processing systems","author":"Vaswani Ashish","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit, Llion Jones, Aidan N Gomez, \u0141ukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin. 2017. Attention is all you need. Advances in neural information processing systems, Vol. 30 (2017)."}],"event":{"name":"CCS '24: ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","location":"Salt Lake City UT USA","acronym":"CCS '24","sponsor":["SIGSAC ACM Special Interest Group on Security, Audit, and Control"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3689932.3694770","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3689932.3694770","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T02:09:22Z","timestamp":1755914962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3689932.3694770"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3689932.3694770","10.1145\/3689932"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3689932.3694770","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}