{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T10:47:49Z","timestamp":1778323669431,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Comput. Surv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With the rapid development and large-scale popularity of program software, modern society increasingly relies on software systems. However, the problems exposed by software have also come to the fore. The software bug has become an important factor troubling developers. In this context, Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques have emerged, aiming to automatically fix software bug problems and reduce manual debugging work. In particular, benefiting from the advances in deep learning, numerous learning-based APR techniques have emerged in recent years, which also bring new opportunities for APR research. To give researchers a quick overview of APR techniques\u2019 complete development and future opportunities, we review the evolution of APR techniques and discuss in depth the latest advances in APR research. In this article, the development of APR techniques is introduced in terms of four different patch generation schemes: search-based, constraint-based, template-based, and learning-based. Moreover, we propose a uniform set of criteria to review and compare each APR tool and then discuss the current state of APR development. Finally, we analyze current challenges and future directions, especially highlighting the critical opportunities that large language models bring to APR research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3696450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T10:58:26Z","timestamp":1726743506000},"page":"1-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evolving Paradigms in Automated Program Repair: Taxonomy, Challenges, and Opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3936-5170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8390-7518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengzi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1832-5829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0721-5552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7172-5700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuejun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9697-2108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xidian University, Xian, China and Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8306-7195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Xidian University, Xi'an, China and Hainan University, Haikou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2019.2944914"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2014.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"159:1\u2013159:27","article-title":"Getafix: Learning to fix bugs automatically","volume":"3","author":"Bader Johannes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johannes Bader, Andrew Scott, Michael Pradel, and Satish Chandra. 2019. Getafix: Learning to fix bugs automatically. Proc. ACM Program. Lang. 3, OOPSLA (2019), 159:1\u2013159:27.","journal-title":"Proc. ACM Program. Lang."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510003.3510117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST46399.2020.00036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST49551.2021.00032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE43902.2021.00104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2017.8115674"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2020.2970009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2022.3164662"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2022.3147265"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"1943","article-title":"SequenceR: Sequence-to-sequence learning for end-to-end program repair","volume":"47","author":"Chen Zimin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zimin Chen, Steve Kommrusch, Michele Tufano, Louis-No\u00ebl Pouchet, Denys Poshyvanyk, and Martin Monperrus. 2021. SequenceR: Sequence-to-sequence learning for end-to-end program repair. Trans. Softw. Eng. 47, 9 (2021), 1943\u20131959.","journal-title":"Trans. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2022.3156637"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER53432.2022.00096"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2010.66"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338906.3338911"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00128"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3540250.3549098"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3418461"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2017.2755013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"19","volume-title":"ISSTA","author":"Ghanbari Ali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ali Ghanbari, Samuel Benton, and Lingming Zhang. 2019. Practical program repair via bytecode mutation. In ISSTA. 19\u201330."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2337223.2337225"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2011.104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3318162"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"5149","article-title":"Meta-learning in neural networks: A survey","volume":"44","author":"Hospedales Timothy M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Timothy M. Hospedales, Antreas Antoniou, Paul Micaelli, and Amos J. Storkey. 2022. Meta-learning in neural networks: A survey. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 44, 9 (2022), 5149\u20135169.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3180245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE56229.2023.00181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2019.00033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3213846.3213871"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE43902.2021.00107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3613892"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","first-page":"226","volume-title":"CAV","author":"Jobstmann Barbara","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barbara Jobstmann, Andreas Griesmayer, and Roderick Bloem. 2005. Program repair as a game. In CAV, Vol. 3576. 226\u2013238."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2610384.2628055"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2015.60"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","unstructured":"Dongsun Kim Jaechang Nam Jaewoo Song and Sunghun Kim. 2013. Automatic patch generation learned from human-written patches. In ICSE. 802\u2013811."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-019-09742-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3540250.3558967"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","first-page":"217","volume-title":"CAV","author":"Kneuss Etienne","year":"2015","unstructured":"Etienne Kneuss, Manos Koukoutos, and Viktor Kuncak. 2015. Deductive program repair. In CAV, Vol. 9207. 217\u2013233."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-019-09780-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338906.3338935"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3106237.3106309"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER.2016.76"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-017-9577-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3236024.3236079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510003.3510186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","first-page":"2201","volume-title":"CCS","author":"Li Frank","year":"2017","unstructured":"Frank Li and Vern Paxson. 2017. A large-scale empirical study of security patches. In CCS. 2201\u20132215."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3551349.3560422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510003.3510177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE56229.2023.00125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2884955"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2019.00020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER.2019.8667970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3293882.3330577"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.110817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380338"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3579637"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER.2018.8330202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616363"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3106237.3106253"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2837614.2837617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3395363.3397351"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3395363.3397369"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE-SEIP.2019.00039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","article-title":"Energy consumption of automated program repair","author":"Martinez Matias","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matias Martinez, Silverio Mart\u00ednez-Fern\u00e1ndez, and Xavier Franch. 2022. Energy consumption of automated program repair. arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.12104 (2022).","journal-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.12104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-013-9282-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2931037.2948705"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3241980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3180247"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2818754.2818811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2884781.2884807"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510003.3510147"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","first-page":"234","volume-title":"ICSE","author":"Monperrus Martin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Martin Monperrus. 2014. A critical review of \u201cautomatic patch generation learned from human-written patches\u201d: Essay on the problem statement and the evaluation of automatic software repair. In ICSE. 234\u2013242."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3105906"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","unstructured":"Martin Monperrus. 2018. The Living Review on Automated Program Repair. [Technical Report] hal-01956501 HAL Archives Ouvertes. 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-022-10223-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST57152.2023.00018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2486788.2486890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-11245-5_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST49551.2021.00033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3540250.3549130"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3211968"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-008-9077-5"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","first-page":"4717","article-title":"Trident: Controlling side effects in automated program repair","volume":"48","author":"Parasaram Nikhil","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nikhil Parasaram, Earl T. Barr, and Sergey Mechtaev. 2022. Trident: Controlling side effects in automated program repair. Trans. Softw. Eng. 48, 12 (2022), 4717\u20134732.","journal-title":"Trans. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"SP","author":"Pearce Hammond","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hammond Pearce, Benjamin Tan, Baleegh Ahmad, Ramesh Karri, and Brendan Dolan-Gavitt. 2022. Examining zero-shot vulnerability repair with large language models. In SP. 1\u201318."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2014.2312918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3597503.3608132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER50967.2021.00035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-48989-6_36"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2017.8115675"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2019.00020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3412376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3579640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2786805.2786825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3340544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3180250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3324884.3416590"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616256"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380429"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616271"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2013.6693094"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2009.5070536"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3180233"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER.2019.8668043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3468264.3468600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3597926.3598135"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE56229.2023.00047"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3540250.3549101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2017.8115676"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3487570"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2017.45"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2020.2987862"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2019.00063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2016.2560811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER50967.2021.00018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3561382"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3106237.3106274"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3551349.3556926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-020-09920-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510003.3510222"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3597503.3623337"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377812.3382150"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3533767.3534219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2874648"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3360004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE56229.2023.00063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377813.3381356"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3533767.3534387"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3551349.3556943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3597503.3623310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3468264.3468544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00126"}],"container-title":["ACM Computing Surveys"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3696450","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3696450","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:10:13Z","timestamp":1750295413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3696450"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3696450"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3696450","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-0300","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}