{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T12:26:28Z","timestamp":1776083188820,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research on Fundamental Technologies of Power Science Computing through the Integration of Mechanism, Data, and Knowledg","award":["5700-202440332A-2-1-ZX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5700-202440332A-2-1-ZX"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006374","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62102308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62102308"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Extracting and collecting information during web exploration is an arduous process, demanding substantial cognitive and physical effort from users. Users must not only determine which content is worth capturing but also manually extract and save it, often disrupting the flow of their learning and exploration. To mitigate it, we propose AIbM (Attentive Interaction Behavior Modeling), which encodes and integrates multiple implicit interaction data to identify fine-grained helpful web content, providing an algorithmic foundation to facilitate automatic information extraction and collection. AIbM captures dynamic patterns of user interactions---specifically eye and mouse movements---by encoding these into images and time series. It further employs graph modeling to exploit relationships between a content block and its adjacent blocks. By incorporating graph attention networks, AIbM efficiently processes both intra-block and inter-block features, improving the identification of helpful web content. Experimental results demonstrate that AIbM achieves the highest F1 score of 82.80% in general helpful content identification, marking improvements of 10.86% over state-of-the-art models like GBT and at least 2.49% over individual modality inputs. These results underscore the potential of our approach to advance tools and systems designed for automated information extraction and collection to facilitate more effective exploratory search experiences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3699750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T12:23:32Z","timestamp":1732191812000},"page":"1-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modeling Attentive Interaction Behavior for Web Content Identification in Exploratory Information Seeking"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3181-9445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongrong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE KLINNS Lab, and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9903-5104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE KLINNS Lab, and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4186-0408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunpeng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE KLINNS Lab, and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4903-3992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"ZhongMin","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE KLINNS Lab, and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3351227"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2009916.2009965"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1645953.1645968"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2911451.2911505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2872427.2883033"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"The IIR evaluation model: a framework for evaluation of interactive information retrieval systems. Inf. Res. 8","author":"Borlund Pia","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pia Borlund. 2003. The IIR evaluation model: a framework for evaluation of interactive information retrieval systems. Inf. Res. 8 (2003)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518705"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2070719.2070722"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1358628.1358796"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1571941.1571955"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3379337.3415865"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3301275.3302321"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581174"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3301400"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3404835.3462955"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1772690.1772724"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology.","author":"Dontcheva Mira","unstructured":"Mira Dontcheva, Steven Mark Drucker, Geraldine Wade, D. Salesin, and Michael F. Cohen. 2006. Summarizing personal web browsing sessions. In ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11681878_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-016-0482-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3588319"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1390334.1390462"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1835449.1835473"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2484028.2484100"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208327"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24623"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1060745.1060762"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208591"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2348283.2348313"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Maria Muslea, and Cenk Gazen.","author":"Ives Zachary","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zachary Ives, Craig Knoblock, Steve Minton, Marie Jacob, Partha Talukdar, Rattapoom Tuchinda, Jose Luis Ambite, Maria Muslea, and Cenk Gazen. 2009. Interactive data integration through smart copy & paste. arXiv preprint arXiv:0909.1769 (2009)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2600428.2609633"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581096"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556195.2556220"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481415"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3526113.3545693"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2766462.2767745"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3384419.3430774"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3269206.3271764"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3041021.3054182"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval.","author":"Liu Chang","unstructured":"Chang Liu, Nicholas J. Belkin, and Michael J. Cole. 2012. Personalization of search results using interaction behaviors in search sessions. In Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 world wide web conference. 1533--1542","author":"Liu Mengyang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mengyang Liu, Yiqun Liu, Jiaxin Mao, Cheng Luo, Min Zhang, and Shaoping Ma. 2018. \"Satisfaction with Failure\" or\" Unsatisfied Success\" Investigating the Relationship between Search Success and User Satisfaction. In Proceedings of the 2018 world wide web conference. 1533--1542."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3332165.3347908"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3501968"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2661829.2661907"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3351255"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Investigating Result Usefulness in Mobile Search. In European Conference on Information Retrieval.","author":"Mao Jiaxin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiaxin Mao, Yiqun Liu, N. Kando, Cheng Luo, Min Zhang, and Shaoping Ma. 2018. Investigating Result Usefulness in Mobile Search. In European Conference on Information Retrieval."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3077136.3080750"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2911451.2911507"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1121949.1121979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Catherine","year":"2005","unstructured":"Catherine C. Marshall and Sara A. Bly. 2005. Saving and using encountered information: implications for electronic periodicals. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2005)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","unstructured":"Brendan McMahan Eider Moore Daniel Ramage Seth Hampson and Blaise Aguera y Arcas. 2017. Communication-efficient learning of deep networks from decentralized data. In Artificial intelligence and statistics. PMLR 1273--1282."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3406522.3446020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3494998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3077136.3080737"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1357054.1357242"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120225"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445618"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3526113.3545696"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534678.3539128"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","volume-title":"Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python. the Journal of machine Learning research 12","author":"Pedregosa Fabian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fabian Pedregosa, Ga\u00ebl Varoquaux, Alexandre Gramfort, Vincent Michel, Bertrand Thirion, Olivier Grisel, Mathieu Blondel, Peter Prettenhofer, Ron Weiss, Vincent Dubourg, et al. 2011. Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python. the Journal of machine Learning research 12 (2011), 2825--2830."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","volume-title":"Information foraging. Psychological review 106, 4","author":"Pirolli Peter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Peter Pirolli and Stuart Card. 1999. Information foraging. Psychological review 106, 4 (1999), 643."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3610910"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"ForSense: Accelerating Online Research Through Sensemaking Integration and Machine Research Support. 26th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces","author":"Rachatasumrit Napol","year":"2021","unstructured":"Napol Rachatasumrit, Gonzalo A. Ramos, Jina Suh, Rachel Ng, and Christopher Meek. 2021. ForSense: Accelerating Online Research Through Sensemaking Integration and Machine Research Support. 26th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"The EZ Reader model of eye-movement control in reading: Comparisons to other models. Behavioral and brain sciences 26, 4","author":"Reichle Erik D","year":"2003","unstructured":"Erik D Reichle, Keith Rayner, and Alexander Pollatsek. 2003. The EZ Reader model of eye-movement control in reading: Comparisons to other models. Behavioral and brain sciences 26, 4 (2003), 445--476."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3406522.3446025"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/511446.511469"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394486.3403343"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2016.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3078971.3078995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3517332"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1029632.1029665"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00778-019-00574-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","volume-title":"SearchPanel: A Browser Extension for Managing Search Activity. In European Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval.","author":"Tretter Simon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Simon Tretter, Gene Golovchinsky, and Pernilla Qvarfordt. 2013. SearchPanel: A Browser Extension for Managing Search Activity. In European Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2019.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","volume-title":"Graph attention networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.10903","author":"Veli\u010dkovi\u0107 Petar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Petar Veli\u010dkovi\u0107, Guillem Cucurull, Arantxa Casanova, Adriana Romero, Pietro Lio, and Yoshua Bengio. 2017. Graph attention networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.10903 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","volume-title":"Workshop of the cross-language evaluation forum for european languages. Springer, 355--370","author":"Voorhees Ellen M","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ellen M Voorhees. 2001. The philosophy of information retrieval evaluation. In Workshop of the cross-language evaluation forum for european languages. Springer, 355--370."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3404835.3462962"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao Wang Houye Ji Chuan Shi Bai Wang Yanfang Ye Peng Cui and Philip S Yu. 2019. Heterogeneous graph attention network. In The world wide web conference. 2022--2032.","DOI":"10.1145\/3308558.3313562"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Austin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Austin R. Ward and Robert G. Capra. 2021. OrgBox: Supporting Cognitive and Metacognitive Activities During Exploratory Search. Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","volume-title":"Transformers in time series: A survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2202.07125","author":"Wen Qingsong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qingsong Wen, Tian Zhou, Chaoli Zhang, Weiqi Chen, Ziqing Ma, Junchi Yan, and Liang Sun. 2022. Transformers in time series: A survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2202.07125 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02260-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24240"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3331184.3331233"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3543507.3583343"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3209978.3209990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858479"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411817"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401159"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3442381.3449918"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","volume-title":"Investigating Fine-Grained Usefulness Perception Process in Mobile Search. In China Conference on Information Retrieval.","author":"Zheng Yukun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yukun Zheng, Jiaxin Mao, Yiqun Liu, Xiaohui Xie, Min Zhang, and Shaoping Ma. 2020. Investigating Fine-Grained Usefulness Perception Process in Mobile Search. In China Conference on Information Retrieval."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3610876"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3699750","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3699750","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:30:12Z","timestamp":1758817812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3699750"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3699750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3699750","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-9567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-9567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}