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In this article, we introduce a new consensus mechanism, Proof of Descriptor, enabling clients to work together to publish blockchain transactions using a\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">descriptor object<\/jats:italic>\n            which stores information on the cooperative parallel execution of transactions. Proof of Descriptor consensus allows commutative transactions to be mined concurrently. It does not require a single leader to append transactions to the ledger, enabling clients to cooperate on publishing transactions. We also propose a novel graph-based ledger with multiple entry points to facilitate the scalability of Proof of Descriptor, as well as a secure hashing scheme to resist long-range attacks. We demonstrate that our approach is as secure as related works with respect to a malicious leader, 51% attack, and other known blockchain vulnerabilities. Furthermore, our experimental evaluation shows that our approach scales with the size of the network, experiencing up to a 4\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\times\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            improvement in throughput over the fastest sequential blockchain,\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Solana<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3700148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T12:10:31Z","timestamp":1728648631000},"page":"1-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Blockchain Scalability with Proof of Descriptor"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8334-8237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary","family":"Painter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Central Florida, Ovedio, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8070-7633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Central Florida, Ovedio, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9852-2581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Central Florida, Ovedio, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0569-3403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damian","family":"Dechev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Central Florida, Ovedio, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Constellation. 2017. 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