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In serverless computing, users only pay for the time they actually use resources, enabling zero scaling to optimise cost and resource utilisation. However, this approach also introduces the serverless cold start problem. Researchers have developed various solutions to address the cold start problem, yet it remains an unresolved research area. In this article, we propose a systematic literature review on cold start latency in serverless computing. Furthermore, we create a detailed taxonomy of approaches to cold start latency, which we use to investigate existing techniques for reducing the cold start time and frequency. We have classified the current studies on cold start latency into several categories such as caching and application-level optimisation-based solutions, as well as Artificial Intelligence\/Machine Learning-based solutions. Moreover, we have analyzed the impact of cold start latency on quality of service, explored current cold start latency mitigation methods, datasets, and implementation platforms, and classified them into categories based on their common characteristics and features. Finally, we outline the open challenges and highlight the possible future directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3700875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T11:15:13Z","timestamp":1729163713000},"page":"1-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Cold Start Latency in Serverless Computing: A Systematic Review, Taxonomy, and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0146-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammed","family":"Golec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Northern Ireland and Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2481-2532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guneet Kaur","family":"Walia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Dr BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1600-6872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohit","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology,, Dr BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5745-1609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Cuadrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic University of Madrid Higher Technical School of Computer Systems Engineering, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3913-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukhpal Singh","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6251-6836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve","family":"Uhlig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2022.100514"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Eric Jonas Johann Schleier-Smith Vikram Sreekanti et\u00a0al. 2019. 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