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Previously, there have been research efforts to investigate potential solutions for remediating PDF documents for accessibility. However, most of the existing research focuses on accessibility of long or scientific PDF documents meant for passive reading. PDF documents come in different types, and this research project focuses on a distinct type of PDF document\u2014forms\u2014where the user is required to interact with the PDF document and enter data. Through our research work we identified that the PDF form remediation process is non-intuitive, repetitive, and overwhelming due to the high-information density of PDF forms, and existing research and tools do not yet address the challenges. Our research work culminated in the creation of a tool \u2013 FormA11y \u2013 that addresses these challenges by making the repetitive and painstaking process of form remediation easier. To evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of FormA11y against the industry standard tool \u2013 Adobe Acrobat \u2013 for PDF form remediation, we performed a within-subject user study with 20 participants. With FormA11y, users remediated forms 2.8 times faster while creating more accurately accessible PDF forms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3702317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T16:01:51Z","timestamp":1732550511000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["FormA11y - A tool for remediating PDF forms for accessibility"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0136-7443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sparsh","family":"Paliwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"iSchool, Maryland Initiative for Digital Accessibility (MIDA), HCIL, University of Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7867-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Hoeflich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0386-9137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J Bern","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iSchool, Maryland Initiative for Digital Accessibility (MIDA), HCIL, University of Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8305-2206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajiv","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adobe Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7937-7748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad I","family":"Morariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adobe Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4879-1476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexa","family":"Siu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adobe Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6317-1582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Lazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iSchool, Maryland Initiative for Digital Accessibility (MIDA), HCIL, University of Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"14:00-17:00. 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