{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:31:08Z","timestamp":1785544268866,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["1955653, 1928448, 2106690, and 1813651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1955653, 1928448, 2106690, and 1813651"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Hum.-Robot Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            This article discusses the design, development, and evaluation of\n            <jats:italic>Ommie<\/jats:italic>\n            , a novel socially assistive robot that supports deep breathing practices for the purposes of anxiety reduction. Research has shown that practicing deep breathing (breathing while extending one\u2019s inhales, holds, and exhales) has a strong capacity to calm the autonomic nervous system and reduce anxiety. The robot\u2019s primary function is to guide users through a series of deep breaths by way of haptic interactions and audio cues. We utilized a user-centered design approach and present our design methodology in addition to core decisions across robot morphology, tactility, and interactivity. As reported in prior work, the final robot prototype was tested with a two-cohort usability study (n = 43) at a local university wellness center, including participants with anxiety and those with varying levels of experience with deep breathing. Interacting with\n            <jats:italic>Ommie<\/jats:italic>\n            resulted in a significant reduction in STAI-6 anxiety measures across all participants, who also found the robot intuitive, approachable, and engaging. Participants also reported feelings of focus and companionship when using the robot, often elicited by the haptic interaction. This article describes how our design process and design goals contributed to these results showing\n            <jats:italic>Ommie\u2019s<\/jats:italic>\n            capacity for supporting those with anxiety. Our work also serves as an example of how researchers can design robots for behavioral practices for mental health.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3706122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T15:34:27Z","timestamp":1733412867000},"page":"1-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Ommie: The Design and Development of a Social Robot for Anxiety Reduction"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6060-9158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayla","family":"Matheus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0698-5472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marynel","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7671-7759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Scassellati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.5898\/JHRI.6.1.Admoni","article-title":"Social eye gaze in human-robot interaction: A review","volume":"6","author":"Admoni Henny","year":"2017","unstructured":"Henny Admoni and Brian Scassellati. 2017. Social eye gaze in human-robot interaction: A review. Journal of Human-Robot Interaction 6, 1 (2017), 25\u201363.","journal-title":"Journal of Human-Robot Interaction"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1145\/3434073.3444650","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Alves-Oliveira Patr\u00edcia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patr\u00edcia Alves-Oliveira, Patr\u00edcia Arriaga, Ana Paiva, and Guy Hoffman. 2021. Children as robot designers. In Proceedings of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 399\u2013408."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"413","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 11th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201916)","author":"Arnold Lindsey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lindsey Arnold. 2016. Emobie: A robot companion for children with anxiety. In Proceedings of the 2016 11th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201916). IEEE, 413\u2013414."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","volume-title":"National College Health Assessment III: Undergraduate Student Reference Group Executive Summary Spring 2021","author":"Association American College Health","year":"2021","unstructured":"American College Health Association. 2021. National College Health Assessment III: Undergraduate Student Reference Group Executive Summary Spring 2021. Technical Report DOE-SLC-6903-1. Silver Spring, MD."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Intelligent Environments 2017","author":"Aziz Azizi Ab","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azizi Ab Aziz, Ali Saad Fahad, and Faudziah Ahmad. 2017. Cakna: A personalized robot-based platform for anxiety states therapy. In Intelligent Environments 2017. IOS Press, 141\u2013150."},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2007.03.008","article-title":"Visual elements of subjective preference modulate amygdala activation","volume":"45","author":"Bar Moshe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Moshe Bar and Maital Neta. 2007. Visual elements of subjective preference modulate amygdala activation. Neuropsychologia 45, 10 (2007), 2191\u20132200.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"94","volume-title":"Human Factors in Robots, Drones and Unmanned Systems","author":"Becchimanzi Claudia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Claudia Becchimanzi and Francesca Tosi. 2023. Design and acceptability of technology: Introduction to \u201crobotics & design: The tool to design human-centered assistive robotics. In Human Factors in Robots, Drones and Unmanned Systems. AHFE International, 94\u2013109."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society","author":"Beheshtian Nasim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nasim Beheshtian, Sina Moradi, Aino Ahtinen, Kaisa V\u00e4\u00e4nanen, Kalle K\u00e4hkonen, and Markus Laine. 2020. Greenlife: A persuasive social robot to enhance the sustainable behavior in shared living spaces. In Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society, 1\u201312."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tony Belpaeme James Kennedy Aditi Ramachandran Brian Scassellati and Fumihide Tanaka. 2018. Social robots for education: A review. Science Robotics 3 21 (2018) eaat5954. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/scirobotics.aat5954","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aat5954"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.05.007","article-title":"Effectiveness of robot Paro in intramural psychogeriatric care: A multicenter quasi-experimental study","volume":"16","author":"Bemelmans Roger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roger Bemelmans, Gert Jan Gelderblom, Pieter Jonker, and Luc de Witte. 2015. Effectiveness of robot Paro in intramural psychogeriatric care: A multicenter quasi-experimental study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 16, 11 (2015), 946\u2013950.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3442680"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"380","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921)","author":"Block Alexis E.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alexis E. Block, Sammy Christen, Roger Gassert, Otmar Hilliges, and Katherine J. Kuchenbecker. 2021. The six hug commandments: Design and evaluation of a human-sized hugging robot with visual and haptic perception. In Proceedings of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921). ACM, New York, NY, 380\u2013388. DOI: 10.1145\/3434073.3444656"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"708","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","author":"Breazeal Cynthia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cynthia Breazeal, Cory D. Kidd, Andrea Thomaz, Guy Hoffman, and Matt Berlin. 2005. Effects of nonverbal communication on efficiency and robustness in human-robot teamwork. In Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 708\u2013713. DOI: 10.1109\/IROS.2005.1545011"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"84","article-title":"Design thinking","volume":"86","author":"Brown Tim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tim Brown. 2008. Design thinking. Harvard Business Review 86, 6 (2008), 84.","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1145\/3434074.3446352","volume-title":"Companion of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Burns Rachael Bevill","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rachael Bevill Burns, Hasti Seifi, Hyosang Lee, and Katherine J. Kuchenbecker. 2021. A haptic empathetic robot animal for children with autism. In Companion of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 583\u2013585."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2020.116882","article-title":"Comparative study on 3D printing of polyamide 12 by selective laser sintering and multi jet fusion","volume":"288","author":"Cai Chao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chao Cai, Wei Shian Tey, Jiayao Chen, Wei Zhu, Xingjian Liu, Tong Liu, Lihua Zhao, and Kun Zhou. 2021. Comparative study on 3D printing of polyamide 12 by selective laser sintering and multi jet fusion. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 288 (2021), 116882.","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Processing Technology"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.3390\/s21155166","article-title":"Affective communication for socially assistive robots (Sars) for children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Cano Sandra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sandra Cano, Carina S. Gonz\u00e1lez, Rosa Mar\u00eda Gil-Iranzo, and Sergio Albiol-P\u00e9rez. 2021. Affective communication for socially assistive robots (Sars) for children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Sensors 21, 15 (2021), 5166.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1561\/2300000057","article-title":"A survey of nonverbal signaling methods for non-humanoid robots","volume":"6","author":"Cha Elizabeth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elizabeth Cha, Yunkyung Kim, Terrence Fong, and Maja J. Mataric. 2018. A survey of nonverbal signaling methods for non-humanoid robots. Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Robotics 6, 4 (2018), 211\u2013323.","journal-title":"Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Robotics"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2010.21457","article-title":"Neuroaesthetics: A coming of age story","volume":"23","author":"Chatterjee Anjan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anjan Chatterjee. 2011. Neuroaesthetics: A coming of age story. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, 1 (2011), 53\u201362.","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"36","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","volume":"6","author":"Choi Kyung Yun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kyung Yun Choi, Neska ElHaouij, Jinmo Lee, Rosalind W. Picard, and Hiroshi Ishii. 2022. Design and evaluation of a clippable and personalizable pneumatic-haptic feedback device for breathing guidance. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 1, Article 6 (Mar. 2022), 36 pages. DOI: 10.1145\/3517234"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1145\/2639189.2654845","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational","author":"Cul\u00e9n Alma L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alma L. Cul\u00e9n and Asbj\u00f8rn F\u00f8lstad. 2014. Innovation in HCI: What can we learn from design thinking? In Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational, 849\u2013852."},{"issue":"32","key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6932a1","article-title":"Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic\u2014United States, June 24\u201330, 2020","volume":"69","author":"Czeisler Mark \u00c9.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mark \u00c9. Czeisler, Rashon I. Lane, Emiko Petrosky, Joshua F. Wiley, Aleta Christensen, Rashid Njai, Matthew D. Weaver, Rebecca Robbins, Elise R. Facer-Childs, Laura K. Barger, et al. 2020. Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic\u2014United States, June 24\u201330, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 69, 32 (2020), 1049.","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"224","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201917)","author":"Graaf Maartje de","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maartje de Graaf, Somaya Ben Allouch, and Jan van Dijk. 2017. Why do they refuse to use my robot? Reasons for non-use derived from a long-term home study. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201917). ACM, New York, NY, 224\u2013233. DOI: 10.1145\/2909824.3020236"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-8890(02)00374-3","article-title":"Anthropomorphism and the social robot","volume":"42","author":"Duffy Brian R.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brian R. Duffy. 2003. Anthropomorphism and the social robot. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 42, 3\u20134 (2003), 177\u2013190.","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monika Eckstein Ilshat Mamaev Beate Ditzen and Uta Sailer. 2020. Calming effects of touch in human animal and robotic interaction\u2014scientific state-of-the-art and technical advances. Frontiers in Psychiatry 11 (2020) 555058. Retrieved from https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33329093\/","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.555058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"664","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 25th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201916)","author":"Faria Miguel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miguel Faria, Andrea Costigliola, Patr\u00edcia Alves-Oliveira, and Ana Paiva. 2016. Follow me: Communicating intentions with a spherical robot. In Proceedings of the 2016 25th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201916). IEEE, 664\u2013669."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"2512","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE","volume":"100","author":"Fasola Juan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Juan Fasola and Maja J. Mataric. 2012. Using socially assistive human\u2013robot interaction to motivate physical exercise for older adults. Proceedings of the IEEE 100, 8 (2012), 2512\u20132526."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2010.940150","article-title":"Socially assistive robotics","volume":"18","author":"Feil-Seifer David","year":"2011","unstructured":"David Feil-Seifer and Maja J. Matari\u0107. 2011. Socially assistive robotics. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 18, 1 (2011), 24\u201331.","journal-title":"IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1145\/3319502.3374797","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Polak Ronit Feingold","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ronit Feingold Polak and Shelly Levy Tzedek. 2020. Social robot for rehabilitation: Expert clinicians and post-stroke patients\u2019 evaluation following a long-term intervention. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 151\u2013160."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","first-page":"199","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Robotics","author":"Fink Julia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Julia Fink. 2012. Anthropomorphism and human likeness in the design of robots and human-robot interaction. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Robotics. Springer, 199\u2013208."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exercising with Baxter: Preliminary support for assistive social-physical human-robot interaction","volume":"17","author":"Fitter Naomi T.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Naomi T. Fitter, Mayumi Mohan, Katherine J. Kuchenbecker, and Michelle J. Johnson. 2020. Exercising with Baxter: Preliminary support for assistive social-physical human-robot interaction. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation 17, 1 (2020), 1\u201322.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000005","article-title":"Strategies to predict, measure, and improve psychosocial treatment adherence","volume":"22","author":"Gearing Robin E.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Robin E. Gearing, Lisa Townsend, Jennifer Elkins, Nabila El-Bassel, and Lars Osterberg. 2014. Strategies to predict, measure, and improve psychosocial treatment adherence. Harvard Review of Psychiatry 22, 1 (2014), 31\u201345.","journal-title":"Harvard Review of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201918)","author":"Gomez Randy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Randy Gomez, Deborah Szapiro, Kerl Galindo, and Keisuke Nakamura. 2018. Haru: Hardware design of an experimental tabletop robot assistant. In Proceedings of the 2018 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201918). ACM, New York, NY, 233\u2013240. DOI: 10.1145\/3171221.3171288"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2020.08.014","article-title":"Trends in anxiety among adults in the United States, 2008\u20132018: Rapid increases among Young adults","volume":"130","author":"Goodwin Renee D.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Renee D. Goodwin, Andrea H. Weinberger, June H. Kim, Melody Wu, and Sandro Galea. 2020. Trends in anxiety among adults in the United States, 2008\u20132018: Rapid increases among Young adults. Journal of Psychiatric Research 130 (2020), 441\u2013446.","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2009.5152516","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","author":"Gouaillier David","year":"2009","unstructured":"David Gouaillier, Vincent Hugel, Pierre Blazevic, Chris Kilner, Jerome Monceaux, Pascal Lafourcade, Brice Marnier, Julien Serre, and Bruno Maisonnier. 2009. Mechatronic design of Nao humanoid. In Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 769\u2013774. DOI: 10.1109\/ROBOT.2009.5152516"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"670","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201917)","author":"Guneysu Arzu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arzu Guneysu and Bert Arnrich. 2017. Socially assistive child-robot interaction in physical exercise coaching. In Proceedings of the 2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201917). IEEE, 670\u2013675."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","unstructured":"Harvard Medical School. 2007. National comorbidity survey (NCS). Retrieved from https:\/\/www.hcp.med.harvard.edu\/ncs\/index.php."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","first-page":"502","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Iizawa Daisuke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Daisuke Iizawa and Shunji Yamanaka. 2022. Face on a globe: A spherical robot that appears lifelike through smooth deformations and autonomous movement. In Proceedings of the 2022 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 502\u2013510."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s11370-010-0070-7","article-title":"Sound design for emotion and intention expression of socially interactive robots","volume":"3","author":"Jee Eun-Sook","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eun-Sook Jee, Yong-Jeon Jeong, Chong Hui Kim, and Hisato Kobayashi. 2010. Sound design for emotion and intention expression of socially interactive robots. Intelligent Service Robotics 3, 3 (2010), 199\u2013206.","journal-title":"Intelligent Service Robotics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","first-page":"187","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201920)","author":"Jeong Sooyeon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sooyeon Jeong, Sharifa Alghowinem, Laura Aymerich-Franch, Kika Arias, Agata Lapedriza, Rosalind Picard, Hae Won Park, and Cynthia Breazeal. 2020. A robotic positive psychology coach to improve college students\u2019 wellbeing. In Proceedings of the 2020 29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201920). IEEE, 187\u2013194."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s10484-015-9279-8","article-title":"Self-regulation of breathing as a primary treatment for anxiety","volume":"40","author":"Jerath Ravinder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ravinder Jerath, Molly W. Crawford, Vernon A. Barnes, and Kyler Harden. 2015. Self-regulation of breathing as a primary treatment for anxiety. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 40, 2 (2015), 107\u2013115.","journal-title":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2006.02.042","article-title":"Physiology of long pranayamic breathing: Neural respiratory elements may provide a mechanism that explains how slow deep breathing shifts the autonomic nervous system","volume":"67","author":"Jerath Ravinder","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ravinder Jerath, John W. Edry, Vernon A. Barnes, and Vandna Jerath. 2006. Physiology of long pranayamic breathing: Neural respiratory elements may provide a mechanism that explains how slow deep breathing shifts the autonomic nervous system. Medical Hypotheses 67, 3 (2006), 566\u2013571.","journal-title":"Medical Hypotheses"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2013.873278","article-title":"Socially assistive robots in elderly care: A mixed-method systematic literature review","volume":"30","author":"Kachouie Reza","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reza Kachouie, Sima Sedighadeli, Rajiv Khosla, and Mei-Tai Chu. 2014. Socially assistive robots in elderly care: A mixed-method systematic literature review. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 30, 5 (2014), 369\u2013393.","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","first-page":"390","article-title":"A review of empirical evidence on different uncanny valley hypotheses: Support for perceptual mismatch as one road to the valley of eeriness","volume":"6","author":"K\u00e4tsyri Jari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jari K\u00e4tsyri, Klaus F\u00f6rger, Meeri M\u00e4k\u00e4r\u00e4inen, and Tapio Takala. 2015. A review of empirical evidence on different uncanny valley hypotheses: Support for perceptual mismatch as one road to the valley of eeriness. Frontiers in Psychology 6 (2015), 390.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"3230","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","author":"Kidd Cory D.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cory D. Kidd and Cynthia Breazeal. 2008. Robots at home: Understanding long-term human-robot interaction. In Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 3230\u20133235. DOI: 10.1109\/IROS.2008.4651113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201917)","author":"Komatsu Takanori","year":"2017","unstructured":"Takanori Komatsu and Masahiro Kamide. 2017. Designing robot faces suited to specific tasks that these robots are good at. In Proceedings of the 2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201917). IEEE, 1\u20135."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-019-00565-4","article-title":"It\u2019s in the eyes: The engaging role of eye contact in HRI","volume":"13","author":"Kompatsiari Kyveli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kyveli Kompatsiari, Francesca Ciardo, Vadim Tikhanoff, Giorgio Metta, and Agnieszka Wykowska. 2021. It\u2019s in the eyes: The engaging role of eye contact in HRI. International Journal of Social Robotics 13, 3 (2021), 525\u2013535.","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Robotics"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-013-0178-y","article-title":"Social robots for long-term interaction: A survey","volume":"5","author":"Leite Iolanda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iolanda Leite, Carlos Martinho, and Ana Paiva. 2013. Social robots for long-term interaction: A survey. International Journal of Social Robotics 5, 2 (2013), 291\u2013308.","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Robotics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","first-page":"334","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 13th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201918)","author":"L\u00f6ffler Diana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Diana L\u00f6ffler, Nina Schmidt, and Robert Tscharn. 2018. Multimodal expression of artificial emotion in social robots using color, motion and sound. In Proceedings of the 2018 13th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201918). IEEE, 334\u2013343."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","first-page":"231","volume-title":"IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Lucero Andr\u00e9s","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andr\u00e9s Lucero. 2015. Using affinity diagrams to evaluate interactive prototypes. In IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Springer, 231\u2013248."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","first-page":"685","volume-title":"Companion of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921 Companion)","author":"Luria Michal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Michal Luria, Marius Hoggenm\u00fcller, Wen-Ying Lee, Luke Hespanhol, Malte Jung, and Jodi Forlizzi. 2021. Research through design approaches in human-robot interaction. In Companion of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921 Companion). ACM, New York, NY, 685\u2013687. DOI: 10.1145\/3434074.3444868"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","unstructured":"Michal Luria John Zimmerman and Jodi Forlizzi. 2019. Championing research through design in HRI. arXiv:1908.07572. Retrieved from https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1908.07572"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","first-page":"106","volume-title":"IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Macik Miroslav","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miroslav Macik, Katerina Prazakova, Anna Kutikova, Zdenek Mikovec, Jindrich Adolf, Jan Havlik, and Ivana Jilekova. 2017. Breathing friend: Tackling stress through portable tangible breathing artifact. In IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Springer, 106\u2013115."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1992.tb00997.x","article-title":"The development of a six-item short-form of the state scale of the Spielberger State\u2014Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)","volume":"31","author":"Marteau Theresa M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Theresa M. Marteau and Hilary Bekker. 1992. The development of a six-item short-form of the state scale of the Spielberger State\u2014Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). British Journal of Clinical Psychology 31, 3 (1992), 301\u2013306.","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","first-page":"89","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201922)","author":"Matheus Kayla","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kayla Matheus, Marynel V\u00e1zquez, and Brian Scassellati. 2022. A social robot for anxiety reduction via deep breathing. In Proceedings of the 2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201922). IEEE, 89\u201394."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-019-01051-9","article-title":"Meet Stevie: A socially assistive robot developed through application of a \u2018design-thinking\u2019 approach","volume":"98","author":"McGinn Conor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Conor McGinn, Eamonn Bourke, Andrew Murtagh, Cian Donovan, Patrick Lynch, Michael F. Cullinan, and Kevin Kelly. 2020. Meet Stevie: A socially assistive robot developed through application of a \u2018design-thinking\u2019 approach. Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 98, 1 (2020), 39\u201358.","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","first-page":"281","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201920)","author":"McGinn Conor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Conor McGinn and Dylan Dooley. 2020. What should robots feel Like? In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201920). ACM, New York, NY, 281\u2013288. DOI: 10.1145\/3319502.3374835"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1145\/1228716.1228729","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Michalowski Marek P.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marek P. Michalowski, Selma Sabanovic, and Hideki Kozima. 2007. A dancing robot for rhythmic social interaction, In Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 89\u201396."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Miri Pardis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pardis Miri, Emily Jusuf, Andero Uusberg, Horia Margarit, Robert Flory, Katherine Isbister, Keith Marzullo, and James J. Gross. 2020. Evaluating a personalizable, inconspicuous vibrotactile (PIV) breathing pacer for in-the-moment affect regulation. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1\u201312."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20190028","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities to meet the mental health needs of underserved and disenfranchised populations in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Mongelli Francesca","year":"2020","unstructured":"Francesca Mongelli, Penelope Georgakopoulos, and Michele T. Pato. 2020. Challenges and opportunities to meet the mental health needs of underserved and disenfranchised populations in the United States. Focus 18, 1 (2020), 16\u201324.","journal-title":"Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1300\/J004v24n01_05","article-title":"Exploring the safety and therapeutic effects of deep pressure stimulation using a weighted blanket","volume":"24","author":"Mullen Brian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brian Mullen, Tina Champagne, Sundar Krishnamurty, Debra Dickson, and Robert X. Gao. 2008. Exploring the safety and therapeutic effects of deep pressure stimulation using a weighted blanket. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health 24, 1 (2008), 65\u201389.","journal-title":"Occupational Therapy in Mental Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Myers Chelsea","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chelsea Myers, Anushay Furqan, Jessica Nebolsky, Karina Caro, and Jichen Zhu. 2018. Patterns for how users overcome obstacles in voice user interfaces. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1\u20137."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","volume-title":"Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art","author":"Nestor James","year":"2020","unstructured":"James Nestor. 2020. Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art. Penguin."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","first-page":"243","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921)","author":"O\u2019Brien Cara","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cara O\u2019Brien, Molly O\u2019Mara, Johann Issartel, and Conor McGinn. 2021. Exploring the design space of therapeutic robot companions for children. In Proceedings of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921). ACM, New York, NY, 243\u2013251. DOI: 10.1145\/3434073.3444669"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","first-page":"533","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2024 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201924)","author":"O\u2019Connell Amy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Amy O\u2019Connell, Ashveen Banga, Jennifer Ayissi, Nikki Yaminrafie, Ellen Ko, Andrew Le, Bailey Cislowski, and Maja Mataric. 2024. Design and evaluation of a socially assistive robot schoolwork companion for college students with ADHD. In Proceedings of the 2024 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201924). ACM, New York, NY, 533\u2013541. DOI: 10.1145\/3610977.3634929"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","first-page":"203","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2013 8th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201913)","author":"Onuki Tomomi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tomomi Onuki, Takafumi Ishinoda, Yoshinori Kobayashi, and Yoshinori Kuno. 2013. Design of robot eyes suitable for gaze communication. In Proceedings of the 2013 8th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201913), 203\u2013204. DOI: 10.1109\/HRI.2013.6483572"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1109\/FCV.2013.6485468","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 19th Korea-Japan Joint Workshop on Frontiers of Computer Vision","author":"Onuki Tomomi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tomomi Onuki, Takafumi Ishinoda, Yoshinori Kobayashi, and Yoshinori Kuno. 2013. Designing robot eyes for gaze communication. In Proceedings of the 19th Korea-Japan Joint Workshop on Frontiers of Computer Vision, 97\u2013102. DOI: 10.1109\/FCV.2013.6485468"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1145\/3319502.3374786","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Paetzel Maike","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maike Paetzel, Giulia Perugia, and Ginevra Castellano. 2020. The persistence of first impressions: The effect of repeated interactions on the perception of a social robot. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. ACM, New York, NY, 73\u201382. DOI: 10.1145\/3319502.3374786"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2018.2833157"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2020.103924","article-title":"A systematic review of the literature regarding socially assistive robots in pre-tertiary education","volume":"155","author":"Papadopoulos Irena","year":"2020","unstructured":"Irena Papadopoulos, Runa Lazzarino, Syed Miah, Tim Weaver, Bernadette Thomas, and Christina Koulouglioti. 2020. A systematic review of the literature regarding socially assistive robots in pre-tertiary education. Computers & Education 155 (2020), 103924.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91797-9_50","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Design, User Experience, and Usability: Theory and Practice (DUXU \u201918)","author":"Park Hye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hye Park and Seda McKilligan. 2018. A systematic literature review for human-computer interaction and design thinking process integration. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Design, User Experience, and Usability: Theory and Practice (DUXU \u201918). Springer, 725\u2013740."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-016-2790-8","article-title":"The role of deep breathing on stress","volume":"38","author":"Perciavalle Valentina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valentina Perciavalle, Marta Blandini, Paola Fecarotta, Andrea Buscemi, Donatella Di Corrado, Luana Bertolo, Fulvia Fichera, and Marinella Coco. 2017. The role of deep breathing on stress. Neurological Sciences 38, 3 (2017), 451\u2013458.","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2014.07.001","article-title":"Integrating socially assistive robotics into mental healthcare interventions: Applications and recommendations for expanded use","volume":"35","author":"Rabbitt Sarah M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sarah M. Rabbitt, Alan E. Kazdin, and Brian Scassellati. 2015. Integrating socially assistive robotics into mental healthcare interventions: Applications and recommendations for expanded use. Clinical Psychology Review 35 (2015), 35\u201346.","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/ajag.12099","article-title":"Physiological effects of a companion robot on blood pressure of older people in residential care facility: A pilot study","volume":"34","author":"Robinson Hayley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hayley Robinson, Bruce MacDonald, and Elizabeth Broadbent. 2015. Physiological effects of a companion robot on blood pressure of older people in residential care facility: A pilot study. Australasian Journal on Ageing 34, 1 (2015), 27\u201332.","journal-title":"Australasian Journal on Ageing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR \u201913)","author":"\u0160abanovi\u0107 Selma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Selma \u0160abanovi\u0107, Casey C. Bennett, Wan-Ling Chang, and Lesa Huber. 2013. Paro robot affects diverse interaction modalities in group sensory therapy for older adults with dementia. In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR \u201913). IEEE, 1\u20136."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","first-page":"149","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201922)","author":"Salomons Nicole","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nicole Salomons, Tom Wallenstein, Debasmita Ghose, and Brian Scassellati. 2022. The impact of an in-home co-located robotic coach in helping people make fewer exercise mistakes. In Proceedings of the 2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN \u201922). IEEE, 149\u2013154."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thayla A. Santino Gabriela S. S. Chaves Diana A. Freitas Guilherme A. F. Fregonezi and Karla M. P. P. Mendonca. 2020. Breathing exercises for adults with asthma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3 (2020) CD001277. Retrieved from https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32212422\/","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001277.pub4"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-019-00523-0","article-title":"How robots influence humans: A survey of nonverbal communication in social human\u2013robot interaction","volume":"11","author":"Saunderson Shane","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shane Saunderson and Goldie Nejat. 2019. How robots influence humans: A survey of nonverbal communication in social human\u2013robot interaction. International Journal of Social Robotics 11, 4 (2019), 575\u2013608.","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Robotics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aat7544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2457893"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"A breathing-based meditation intervention for patients with major depressive disorder following inadequate response to antidepressants: A randomized pilot study","volume":"78","author":"Sharma Anup","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anup Sharma, Marna S. Barrett, Andrew J. Cucchiara, Nalaka S. Gooneratne, and Michael E. Thase. 2017. A breathing-based meditation intervention for patients with major depressive disorder following inadequate response to antidepressants: A randomized pilot study. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 78, 1 (2017), 493.","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","first-page":"1040","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201922)","author":"Shin Soyeon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Soyeon Shin, Dahyun Kang, and Sonya Kwak. 2022. User-centered exploration of robot design for hospitals in COVID-19 pandemic. In Proceedings of the 2022 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201922). IEEE Press, 1040\u20131044."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","first-page":"924","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication","author":"Short Elaine","year":"2014","unstructured":"Elaine Short, Katelyn Swift-Spong, Jillian Greczek, Aditi Ramachandran, Alexandru Litoiu, Elena Corina Grigore, David Feil-Seifer, Samuel Shuster, Jin Joo Lee, Shaobo Huang, et al. 2014. How to train your dragonbot: Socially assistive robots for teaching children about nutrition through play. In Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. IEEE, 924\u2013929."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2190\/EM.27.1.b","article-title":"Do people prefer curved objects? Angularity, expertise, and aesthetic preference","volume":"27","author":"Silvia Paul J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Paul J. Silvia and Christopher M. Barona. 2009. Do people prefer curved objects? Angularity, expertise, and aesthetic preference. Empirical Studies of the Arts 27, 1 (2009), 25\u201342.","journal-title":"Empirical Studies of the Arts"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA \u201919)","author":"Sim\u00e3o Hugo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hugo Sim\u00e3o and Tiago Guerreiro. 2019. Maty: Designing an assistive robot for people with alzheimer\u2019s. In Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA \u201919). ACM, New York, NY, 1\u20136. DOI: 10.1145\/3290607.3313016"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5087","DOI":"10.3390\/s20185087","article-title":"Trust in AI agent: A systematic review of facial anthropomorphic trustworthiness for social robot design","volume":"20","author":"Song Yao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yao Song and Yan Luximon. 2020. Trust in AI agent: A systematic review of facial anthropomorphic trustworthiness for social robot design. Sensors 20, 18 (2020), 5087.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3310356","article-title":"Blossom: A handcrafted open-source robot","volume":"8","author":"Suguitan Michael","year":"2019","unstructured":"Michael Suguitan and Guy Hoffman. 2019. Blossom: A handcrafted open-source robot. ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction 8, 1 (2019), 1\u201327.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550611404707"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","first-page":"407","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201918)","author":"Tonkin Meg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meg Tonkin, Jonathan Vitale, Sarita Herse, Mary-Anne Williams, William Judge, and Xun Wang. 2018. Design methodology for the UX of HRI: A field study of a commercial social robot at an airport. In Proceedings of the 2018 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201918). ACM, New York, NY, 407\u2013415. DOI: 10.1145\/3171221.3171270"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","unstructured":"Muri\u00ebl van Oers and Julia Stoevelaar. 2019. The Somnox Sleep Robot. Technical Report. Somnox. Retrieved from https:\/\/somnox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/20191203_Somnox_Whitepaper.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","first-page":"11065","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS \u201920)","author":"V\u00e1zquez Marynel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marynel V\u00e1zquez, Yofti Milkessa, Michelle M. Li, and Neha Govil. 2020. Gaze by semi-virtual robotic heads: Effects of eye and head motion. In Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS \u201920). IEEE, 11065\u201311071."},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","first-page":"7654","article-title":"Gender differences in generalized anxiety disorder: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)","volume":"69","author":"Vesga-L\u00f3pez Oriana","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oriana Vesga-L\u00f3pez, Franklin R. Schneier, Samuel Wang, Richard G. Heimberg, Shang-Min Liu, Deborah S. Hasin, and Carlos Blanco. 2008. Gender differences in generalized anxiety disorder: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 69, 10 (2008), 7654.","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00844843","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of human-pet dog interactions","volume":"11","author":"Vormbrock Julia K.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Julia K. Vormbrock and John M. Grossberg. 1988. Cardiovascular effects of human-pet dog interactions. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 11, 5 (1988), 509\u2013517.","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1145\/3371382.3378337","volume-title":"Companion of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","author":"Winkle Katie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Katie Winkle, S\u00e9verin Lemaignan, Praminda Caleb-Solly, Ute Leonards, Ailie Turton, and Paul Bremner. 2020. Couch to 5 km robot coach: An autonomous, human-trained socially assistive robot. In Companion of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 520\u2013522."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10065","article-title":"Generalized anxiety disorder: Prevalence, burden, and cost to society","volume":"16","author":"Wittchen Hans-Ulrich","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. 2002. Generalized anxiety disorder: Prevalence, burden, and cost to society. Depression and Anxiety 16, 4 (2002), 162\u2013171.","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200015060-00002"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122414-033417","article-title":"Psychology of habit","volume":"67","author":"Wood Wendy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wendy Wood. 2016. Psychology of habit. Annual Review of Psychology 67, 1 (2016), 289\u2013314.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"issue":"6332","key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aai7984","article-title":"Breathing control center neurons that promote arousal in mice","volume":"355","author":"Yackle Kevin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kevin Yackle, Lindsay A. Schwarz, Kaiwen Kam, Jordan M. Sorokin, John R. Huguenard, Jack L. Feldman, Liqun Luo, and Mark A. Krasnow. 2017. Breathing control center neurons that promote arousal in mice. Science 355, 6332 (2017), 1411\u20131415.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2015.1093856","article-title":"Review of semantic-free utterances in social human\u2013robot interaction","volume":"32","author":"Yilmazyildiz Selma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Selma Yilmazyildiz, Robin Read, Tony Belpeame, and Werner Verhelst. 2016. Review of semantic-free utterances in social human\u2013robot interaction. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 32, 1 (2016), 63\u201385.","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4153","DOI":"10.1145\/1520340.1520632","article-title":"A tool to study affective touch","author":"Yohanan Steve","year":"2009","unstructured":"Steve Yohanan and Karon E. MacLean. 2009. A tool to study affective touch. In Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201909), 4153\u20134158.","journal-title":"Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201909)"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-011-0126-7","article-title":"The role of affective touch in human-robot interaction: Human intent and expectations in touching the haptic creature","volume":"4","author":"Yohanan Steve","year":"2012","unstructured":"Steve Yohanan and Karon E. MacLean. 2012. The role of affective touch in human-robot interaction: Human intent and expectations in touching the haptic creature. International Journal of Social Robotics 4, 2 (2012), 163\u2013180.","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Robotics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_2","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Human Agent Interaction (HAI \u201916)","author":"Yoshida Naoto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Naoto Yoshida and Tomoko Yonezawa. 2016. Investigating breathing expression of a stuffed-toy robot based on body-emotion model. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Human Agent Interaction (HAI \u201916). ACM, New York, NY, 139\u2013144. DOI: 10.1145\/2974804.2974817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_2","first-page":"76","volume-title":"Companion of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921 Companion)","author":"Zhong Vivienne Jia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vivienne Jia Zhong and Theresa Schmiedel. 2021. A user-centered agile approach to the development of a real-world social robot application for reception areas. In Companion of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI \u201921 Companion). ACM, New York, NY, 76\u201380. DOI: 10.1145\/3434074.3447132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_2","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201922)","author":"Zhu Xinyu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xinyu Zhu, Xingguo Zhang, Zinan Chen, Zhanxun Dong, Zhenyu Gu, and Danni Chang. 2022. The trusted listener: The influence of anthropomorphic eye design of social robots on user\u2019s perception of trustworthiness. In Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201922). ACM, New York, NY, Article 571, 13 pages. DOI: 10.1145\/3491102.3517670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0378-8_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240704","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201907)","author":"Zimmerman John","year":"2007","unstructured":"John Zimmerman, Jodi Forlizzi, and Shelley Evenson. 2007. Research through design as a method for interaction design research in HCI. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201907). ACM, New York, NY, 493\u2013502. DOI: 10.1145\/1240624.1240704"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1145\/1858171.1858228","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (DIS \u201910)","author":"Zimmerman John","year":"2010","unstructured":"John Zimmerman, Erik Stolterman, and Jodi Forlizzi. 2010. An analysis and critique of research through design: Towards a formalization of a research approach. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (DIS \u201910). ACM, New York, NY, 310\u2013319. DOI: 10.1145\/1858171.1858228"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3706122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:18:03Z","timestamp":1750295883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3706122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3706122","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-9522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-9522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-04-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}