{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T10:15:52Z","timestamp":1787652952358,"version":"build-2736575974"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":27,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Croatian Science Foundation","award":["IP-2022-10-2854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IP-2022-10-2854"]}]},{"name":"ERASMUS+","award":["2022-1-HR01-KA220-HED-000085818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-1-HR01-KA220-HED-000085818"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3706468.3706520","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:04:11Z","timestamp":1740146651000},"page":"407-417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Decoding Learning Design Decisions: A Cluster Analysis of 12,749 Teaching and Learning Activities"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7437-0747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josmario","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3749-9629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart","family":"Rienties","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0649-3267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bla\u017eenka","family":"Divjak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Organization and Informatics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Atezaz Ahmad Jan Schneider Dai Griffiths Daniel Biedermann Daniel Schiffner Wolfgang Greller and Hendrik Drachsler. 2022. Connecting the dots - A literature review on learning analytics indicators from a learning design perspective. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning n\/a n\/a (July 2022) 1\u201339. 10.1111\/jcal.12716","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12716"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elise Ameloot Tijs Rotsaert Thomas Ameloot Bart Rienties and Tammy Schellens. 2024. Supporting students\u2019 basic psychological needs and satisfaction in a blended learning environment through learning analytics. Computers & Education 209 (Feb. 2024) 104949. 10.1016\/j.compedu.2023.104949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2023.104949"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","unstructured":"John Biggs and Catherine Tang. 2007. Teaching for quality learning at university. 3rd. New York 3 n\/a (2007) n\/a."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anil Chaturvedi Paul\u00a0E Green and J\u00a0Douglas Caroll. 2001. K-modes clustering. Journal of classification 18 (2001) 35\u201355.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00357-001-0004-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-8517-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Julia Dietrich Franziska Greiner Dorit Weber-Liel Belinda Berweger Nicole K\u00e4mpfe and B\u00e4rbel Kracke. 2021. Does an individualized learning design improve university student online learning? A randomized field experiment. Computers in Human Behavior 122 (Sept. 2021) 106819. 10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106819"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bla\u017eenka Divjak Darko Grabar Barbi Svetec and Petra Vondra. 2022. Balanced learning design planning: Concept and tool. Journal of information and organizational sciences 46 2 (2022) 361\u2013375.","DOI":"10.31341\/jios.46.2.6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bla\u017eenka Divjak Barbi Svetec Damir Horvat and Nikola Kadoi\u0107. 2023. Assessment validity and learning analytics as prerequisites for ensuring student-centred learning design. British journal of educational technology 54 1 (2023) 313\u2013334.","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.13290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elena Drugova Irina Zhuravleva Ulyana Zakharova and Adel Latipov. 2023. Learning analytics driven improvements in learning design in higher education: A systematic literature review. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 40 2 (Oct. 2023) 510\u2013524. 10.1111\/jcal.12894","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12894"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davinia Hern\u00e1ndez-Leo Roberto Martinez-Maldonado Abelardo Pardo Juan\u00a0A Mu\u00f1oz-Crist\u00f3bal and Mar\u00eda\u00a0J Rodr\u00edguez-Triana. 2019. Analytics for learning design: A layered framework and tools. British Journal of Educational Technology 50 1 (2019) 139\u2013152.","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12645"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wayne Holmes Quan Nguyen Jingjing Zhang Manolis Mavrikis and Bart Rienties. 2019. Learning analytics for learning design in online distance learning. Distance Education 40 3 (July 2019) 309\u2013329. 10.1080\/01587919.2019.1637716","DOI":"10.1080\/01587919.2019.1637716"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diana Laurillard Patricia Charlton Brock Craft Dionisios Dimakopoulos Dejan Ljubojevic George Magoulas Elizabeth Masterman Roser Pujadas Edgar\u00a0A. Whitley and Kim Whittlestone. 2013. A constructionist learning environment for teachers to model learning designs. Journal of computer assisted learning 29 1 (2013) 15\u201330.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2729.2011.00458.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nancy Law and Leming Liang. 2020. A Multilevel Framework and Method for Learning Analytics Integrated Learning Design. Journal of Learning Analytics 7 3 (Dec. 2020) 98\u2013117. 10.18608\/jla.2020.73.8","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2020.73.8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leah\u00a0P. Macfadyen Lori Lockyer and Bart Rienties. 2020. Learning Design and Learning Analytics: Snapshot 2020. Journal of Learning Analytics 7 3 (Dec. 2020) 6\u201312. 10.18608\/jla.2020.73.2","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2020.73.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Katerina Mangaroska and Michail Giannakos. 2019. Learning Analytics for Learning Design: A Systematic Literature Review of Analytics-Driven Design to Enhance Learning. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies 12 4 (Oct. 2019) 516\u2013534. 10.1109\/tlt.2018.2868673","DOI":"10.1109\/tlt.2018.2868673"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Konstantinos Michos and Davinia Hern\u00e1ndez-Leo. 2018. Supporting awareness in communities of learning design practice. Computers in Human Behavior 85 (Aug. 2018) 255\u2013270. 10.1016\/j.chb.2018.04.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kamila Misiejuk Ingunn\u00a0Johanne Ness Robert Gray and Barbara Wasson. 2023. Changes in online course designs: Before during and after the pandemic. Frontiers in Education 7 (Jan. 2023) n\/a. 10.3389\/feduc.2022.996006","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2022.996006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3170358.3170398"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Quan Nguyen Bart Rienties Lisette Toetenel Rebecca Ferguson and Denise Whitelock. 2017. Examining the designs of computer-based assessment and its impact on student engagement satisfaction and pass rates. Computers in Human Behavior 76 (Nov. 2017) 703\u2013714. 10.1016\/j.chb.2017.03.028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_2","unstructured":"Philipp Probst Anne-Laure Boulesteix and Bernd Bischl. 2019. Tunability: Importance of hyperparameters of machine learning algorithms. Journal of Machine Learning Research 20 53 (2019) 1\u201332."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-27646-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2883851.2883875"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2723576.2723600"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saman Rizvi Bart Rienties Jekaterina Rogaten and Ren\u00e9\u00a0F. Kizilcec. 2022. Beyond one-size-fits-all in MOOCs: Variation in learning design and persistence of learners in different cultural and socioeconomic contexts. Computers in Human Behavior 126 (Jan. 2022) 106973. 10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mar\u00eda\u00a0Jes\u00fas Rodr\u00edguez-Triana Luis\u00a0P. Prieto Yannis Dimitriadis Ton de Jong and Denis Gillet. 2021. ADA for IBL: Lessons Learned in Aligning Learning Design and Analytics for Inquiry-Based Learning Orchestration. Journal of Learning Analytics 8 2 (Sept. 2021) 22\u201350. 10.18608\/jla.2021.7357","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2021.7357"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marcel Schmitz Maren Scheffel Roger Bemelmans and Hendrik Drachsler. 2022. FoLA2 \u2013 A Method for Co-creating Learning Analytics\u2013Supported Learning Design. Journal of Learning Analytics 9 2 (Aug. 2022) 265\u2013281. 10.18608\/jla.2022.7643","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2022.7643"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barbara Wasson and Paul\u00a0A. Kirschner. 2020. Learning design: European approaches. TechTrends 64 6 (2020) 815\u2013827. 10.1007\/s11528-020-00498-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-020-00498-0"}],"event":{"name":"LAK '25: The 15th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference","location":"Dublin Ireland","acronym":"LAK 2025"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 15th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706468.3706520","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3706468.3706520","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:56:50Z","timestamp":1750298210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706468.3706520"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3706468.3706520","10.1145\/3706468"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3706468.3706520","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}