{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T17:28:32Z","timestamp":1779384512252,"version":"3.53.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":49,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"IOHK","award":["56296.1.5007108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["56296.1.5007108"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713209","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:20:47Z","timestamp":1745464847000},"page":"1-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Of Secrets and Seedphrases: Conceptual Misunderstandings and Security Challenges for Seed Phrase Management among Cryptocurrency Users"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7053-3252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farida","family":"Eleshin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8237-2415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8708-7226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengzhe","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9073-8054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sauvik","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9856-9654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason I.","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. 2024 Cryptocurrency Adoption and Sentiment Report. https:\/\/www.security.org\/digital-security\/cryptocurrency-annual-consumer-report\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Crypto Users Lost $2B to Hacks Scams and Exploits in 2023 De.Fi Says. https:\/\/www.coindesk.com\/tech\/2023\/12\/27\/crypto-users-lost-2b-to-hacks-scams-and-exploits-in-2023-defi-says\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Crypto users worldwide 2016-2023. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1202503\/global-cryptocurrency-user-base\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Self-Custody: The Rise of Full Control over Digital Assets. https:\/\/www.arringtoncapital.com\/blog\/self-custody-the-rise-of-full-control-over-digital-assets\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445679"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Massimo Bartoletti Stefano Lande Andrea Loddo and Livio Pompianu. 2021. Cryptocurrency Scams: Analysis and Perspectives. IEEE Access 9 1 (January 2021) 1\u20131. 10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3123894","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3123894"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25013-7_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-39377-8_24"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_10_2","unstructured":"Roman B\u00f6gli. 2023. A Security Focused Outline on Bitcoin Wallets. Ph.\u00a0D. Dissertation. OST Ostschweizer Fachhochschule."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"E.\u00a0F. Briefer F. Rybak and T. Aubin. 2013. Does true syntax or simple auditory object support the role of skylark song dialect? Animal Behaviour 86 (2013) 1131\u20131137. Issue 6. 10.1016\/j.anbehav.2013.09.019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2013.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_12_2","volume-title":"Universal Methods of Design: 125 Ways to Research Complex Problems, Develop Innovative Ideas, and Design Effective Solutions","author":"Bruce Hanington","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hanington Bruce and Bella Martin. 2019. Universal Methods of Design: 125 Ways to Research Complex Problems, Develop Innovative Ideas, and Design Effective Solutions. Rockport."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jos\u00e9 Campino and Shiwen Yang. 2024. Decoding the cryptocurrency user: An analysis of demographics and sentiments. Heliyon (February 2024). 10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e26671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e26671"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3354236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_15_2","unstructured":"Shayan Eskandari Jeremy Clark David Barrera and Elizabeth Stobert. 2018. A first look at the usability of bitcoin key management. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/1802.04351 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3357236.3395535"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3357236.3395535"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3532106.3533478"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_21_2","volume-title":"2018 Bitcoin Omnibus Survey: Awareness and Usage","author":"Henry Christopher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Christopher Henry, Kim Huynh, Gradon Nicholls, and Mitchell Nicholson. 2019. 2018 Bitcoin Omnibus Survey: Awareness and Usage. Technical Report. Bank of Canada Staff Discussion Paper."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"I. Honak and S. Babii. 2022. Types of cryptocurrency wallets. Innovative Economy (2022) 95\u2013103. Issue 1. 10.37332\/2309-1533.2022.1.13","DOI":"10.37332\/2309-1533.2022.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"Charles\u00a0M Kahn Francisco Rivadeneyra and Tsz-Nga Wong. 2020. Eggs in one basket: Security and convenience of digital currencies. FRB St. Louis Working Paper2020-32 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2892500"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-54970-4_33"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECRIME.2008.4696970"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Junchao Lin Jason\u00a0I Hong and Laura Dabbish. 2021. \" It\u2019s our mutual responsibility to share\" The Evolution of Account Sharing in Romantic Couples. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5 CSCW1 (2021) 1\u201327.","DOI":"10.1145\/3449234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_29_2","first-page":"11","volume-title":"7th International Workshop on Socio-Technical Perspective in IS Development (STPIS 2021)","author":"Lindqvist Gunnar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gunnar Lindqvist, Joakim K\u00e4vrestad, Dennis Modig, and Ali\u00a0Mohammad Padyab. 2021. How do Bitcoin Users Manage Their Private Keys?. In 7th International Workshop on Socio-Technical Perspective in IS Development (STPIS 2021) , Vol.\u00a03016. 11\u201321."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_30_2","unstructured":"Rachel Lustbader. [n. d.]. 2023 Wills and Estate Planning Study. https:\/\/www.caring.com\/caregivers\/estate-planning\/wills-survey\/. Accessed: 2024-05-25."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_31_2","first-page":"341","volume-title":"Sixteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2020)","author":"Mai Alexandra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alexandra Mai, Katharina Pfeffer, Matthias Gusenbauer, Edgar Weippl, and Katharina Krombholz. 2020. User mental models of cryptocurrency systems-a grounded theory approach. In Sixteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2020). 341\u2013358."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tyler Moore Nicolas Christin and Janos Szurdi. 2018. Revisiting the risks of bitcoin currency exchange closure. ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT) 18 4 (2018) 1\u201318.","DOI":"10.1145\/3155808"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_33_2","unstructured":"Florence Muchai. 2024. MetaMask hits over 30 Million active users \u2013 What\u2019s all the fuss about?https:\/\/cryptonews.net\/news\/security\/28592209\/#:\u00a0:text=Meta%20Mask%20goes%20mainstream%20in%20adoption&text=These%20stats%20virtually%20match%20the during%20the%20last%20six%20months"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendrik M\u00fcller Aaron Sedley and Elizabeth Ferrall-Nunge. 2014. Survey research in HCI. Ways of Knowing in HCI (2014) 229\u2013266.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0378-8_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T.J. Newby P.A. Ertmer and D.A. Stepich. 1995. Instructional analogies and the learning of concepts. Educational Technology Research and Development 43 1 (March 1995) 5\u201318. 10.1007\/BF02300478","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02300478"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_36_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Blockchain for Cybersecurity in Cyber-Physical Systems","author":"Nowroozi Ehsan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ehsan Nowroozi, Seyedsadra Seyedshoari, Yassine Mekdad, Erkay Sava\u015f, and Mauro Conti. 2022. Cryptocurrency wallets: assessment and security. In Blockchain for Cybersecurity in Cyber-Physical Systems. Springer, 1\u201319."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Snizhanna\u00a0Alina Oleksandr\u00a0Omelchuk Inna\u00a0Iliopol. 2021. Features of Inheritance of Cryptocurrency Assets. Ius Humani Law Journal (March 2021) 103\u2013122. 10.31207\/ih.v10i1.233","DOI":"10.31207\/ih.v10i1.233"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Prost. 2022. Inheritance and Blockchain: Thoughts and Open Questions. arXiv (2022). 10.48550\/arXiv.2212.01194","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2212.01194"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_39_2","unstructured":"JJ Roberts and N Rapp. [n. d.]. Nearly 4 million Bitcoins lost forever new study says November 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_40_2","unstructured":"Scott Ruoti Jeff Andersen Daniel Zappala and Kent Seamons. 2015. Why Johnny still still can\u2019t encrypt: Evaluating the usability of a modern PGP client. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/1510.08555 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025886"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"J.\u00a0K. Shanmugam Barathy Doraisamy Santhi Appannan Parteeban Varatarajoo and Nurul Jannah\u00a0Abdul Aziz. 2023. An Empirical Research on Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Bitcoin in the Northern Region of Malaysia. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2 5 (2023) 2009\u20132030. 10.55927\/eajmr.v2i5.3840","DOI":"10.55927\/eajmr.v2i5.3840"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-54970-4_36"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-51280-4_32"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445407"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_46_2","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Twelfth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2016)","author":"Wash Rick","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rick Wash, Emilee Rader, Ruthie Berman, and Zac Wellmer. 2016. Understanding password choices: How frequently entered passwords are re-used across websites. In Twelfth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2016). 175\u2013188."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yoon-Chow Yeong Khairul\u00a0Shafee Kalid K.S. Savita M.N. Ahmad and Maryam Zaffar. 2022. Sustainable cryptocurrency adoption assessment among IT enthusiasts and cryptocurrency social communities. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 52 Part A (2022) 102085. 10.1016\/j.seta.2022.102085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seta.2022.102085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_48_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Yu Yaman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yaman Yu, Tanusree Sharma, Sauvik Das, and Yang Wang. 2024. \" Don\u2019t put all your eggs in one basket\": How Cryptocurrency Users Choose and Secure Their Wallets. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1\u201317."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_49_2","first-page":"381","volume-title":"Nineteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2023)","author":"Zhou Zhixuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhixuan Zhou, Tanusree Sharma, Luke Emano, Sauvik Das, and Yang Wang. 2023. Iterative design of an accessible crypto wallet for blind users. In Nineteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2023). 381\u2013398."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v17i1.22219"}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2025: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Yokohama Japan","acronym":"CHI '25","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3713209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3706598.3713209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T04:56:31Z","timestamp":1751604991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3713209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3706598.3713209","10.1145\/3706598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3706598.3713209","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}