{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T21:25:29Z","timestamp":1781645129678,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":86,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713505","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:35:25Z","timestamp":1745469325000},"page":"1-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["What is User Engagement?: A Systematic Review of 241 Research Articles in Human-Computer Interaction and Beyond"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6468-6609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernard J","family":"Jansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0044-0140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen W","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3230-0561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joni","family":"Salminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1188-5724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kholoud Khalil","family":"Aldous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6130-8012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soon-Gyo","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00799-018-0245-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-5281-1_47"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_2","volume-title":"WSDM Workshop on User Modelling for Web Applications","author":"Attfield Simon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Simon Attfield, Gabriella Kazai, Mounia Lalmas, and Benjamin Piwowarski. 2011. Towards a science of user engagement (position paper). In WSDM Workshop on User Modelling for Web Applications, February 09, 2011. Hong Kong, China."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17705\/1CAIS.05412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3461778.3462086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1573-4412(01)05012-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094670511411703"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_2","volume-title":"SUS: A \u201cQuick and Dirty","year":"1996","unstructured":"john Brooke. 1996. SUS: A \u201cQuick and Dirty\u201d Usability Scale. In Usability Evaluation In Industry. CRC Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1803.11175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154193120805201602"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154193120605000503"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neha Chaudhuri Gaurav Gupta and Ale\u0161 Popovi\u010d. 2025. Do you believe it? Examining user engagement with fake news on social media platforms. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 212 (2025) 123950.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2024.123950"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/43.suppl_1.9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3234149"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.5.2.155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29333\/ojcmt\/2556"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_2","volume-title":"Strauss","author":"Glaser Barney G.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Barney G. Glaser and Anselm L. Strauss. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Transaction Publishers."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_2","volume-title":"Australia. Retrieved","author":"Harzing Anne-Wil","year":"2024","unstructured":"Anne-Wil Harzing. 2010. The Publish or Perish Book. Tarma Software Research Pty Limited Melbourne, Australia. Retrieved September 7, 2024 from http:\/\/www.harzing.info\/download\/popbook12.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.10.2.199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447310701702717"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-019-01846-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025765"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X04266540"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2023.103379"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2016.1232227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(98)00092-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21081"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-54812-3_7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-10-2017-0288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.host.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2024.2351717"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094256"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2014.934180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_2","volume-title":"The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: 50th Anniversary Edition","author":"Kuhn Thomas S.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thomas S. Kuhn. 2012. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: 50th Anniversary Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL. Retrieved November 21, 2024 from https:\/\/press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/S\/bo13179781.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3274368"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_2","first-page":"93","article-title":"Exploring User Engagement in Information Networks: Behavioural\u2013based Navigation Modelling, Ideas and Directions","volume":"7","author":"Kumbaroska Vesna","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vesna Kumbaroska and Pece Mitrevski. 2017. Exploring User Engagement in Information Networks: Behavioural\u2013based Navigation Modelling, Ideas and Directions. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 7, 4 (2017), 93\u2013107.","journal-title":"BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02289-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2512875.2512877"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-31454-4_14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2023.101270"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2018.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_42_2","volume-title":"Essays on user acquisition, retention, experience, engagement and purchase decisions of a hybrid mobile wallet","author":"Liang L","unstructured":"L Liang. 2017. Essays on user acquisition, retention, experience, engagement and purchase decisions of a hybrid mobile wallet. University of Texas, University of Texas. Retrieved from https:\/\/repositories.lib.utexas.edu\/handle\/2152\/63040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269889700000296"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3400806.3400820"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-40459-8_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_46_2","unstructured":"K Nelissen. 2019. Essays on measuring user engagement with online news. Volg KU Leuven Volg KU Leuven. Retrieved from https:\/\/lirias.kuleuven.be\/2842743?limo=0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3185153"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201800519"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_49_2","unstructured":"T Nguyen and T Le. 2013. User Base Growth via Viral Marketing: The Contributory Factors: case: Ostosnero by Avansera Ltd. theseus.fi. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.theseus.fi\/handle\/10024\/57812"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heather O'Brien. 2016. Theoretical perspectives on user engagement. In Why engagement matters: Cross-disciplinary perspectives of user engagement in digital media. Spring Nature 1\u201326.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-27446-1_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2015.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2018.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.107109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2021.1921027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1655260.1655269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_58_2","volume-title":"Ryan","author":"Peters Dorian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dorian Peters, Rafael A. Calvo, and Richard M. Ryan. 2018. Designing for motivation, engagement and wellbeing in digital experience. Frontiers in Psychology 9, (2018), 797."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_59_2","volume-title":"Creating Sharia Capital Market Literation Strategy on Social Media among Young Moslem. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba","author":"Puspita RE","year":"2020","unstructured":"RE Puspita and S Saifudin. 2020. Creating Sharia Capital Market Literation Strategy on Social Media among Young Moslem. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba (2020). Retrieved from https:\/\/journal.uii.ac.id\/JIELariba\/article\/view\/15112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECOS.2017.8167130"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_61_2","volume-title":"Force and Motion: Stop Faking It! Finally Understanding Science So You Can Teach It","author":"Robertson William C.","unstructured":"William C. Robertson. 2002. Force and Motion: Stop Faking It! Finally Understanding Science So You Can Teach It. NSTA Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.1136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/sajim.v20i1.915"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01671-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2024.103890"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2020.102440"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581332"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_69_2","volume-title":"PACIS 2019 Proceedings, 2019","author":"Suh Ayoung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ayoung Suh, Christy MK Cheung, and Y. Q. Lin. 2019. Revisiting User Engagement: Concepts, Themes, and Opportunities. In PACIS 2019 Proceedings, 2019. AIS, 150. Retrieved from https:\/\/aisel.aisnet.org\/pacis2019\/150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2023.103604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2020.102430"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/353485.353488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-022-00441-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3464301"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2017.1298038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2019.1570466"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386247"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2004.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2023.103300"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_80_2","first-page":"205","article-title":"Some notes on theoretical constructs: Types and validation from a contextual behavioral perspective","volume":"1","author":"Wilson Kelly G.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kelly G. Wilson. 2001. Some notes on theoretical constructs: Types and validation from a contextual behavioral perspective. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy 1, 2 (2001), 205\u2013215.","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29044-2_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2023.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2024.100791"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2021.1990517"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_86_2","volume-title":"Kevin Kam Fung So, and Roman Egger","author":"Yu Joanne","year":"2024","unstructured":"Joanne Yu, Astrid Dickinger, Kevin Kam Fung So, and Roman Egger. 2024. Artificial intelligence-generated virtual influencer: Examining the effects of emotional display on user engagement. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 76, (2024), 103560."}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2025: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Yokohama Japan","acronym":"CHI '25","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3713505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3706598.3713505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:57:07Z","timestamp":1750298227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3713505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3706598.3713505","10.1145\/3706598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3706598.3713505","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}