{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T02:36:50Z","timestamp":1778121410677,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":60,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62441219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62441219"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713639","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:17:03Z","timestamp":1745464623000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Exploring the Design of LLM-based Agent in Enhancing Self-disclosure Among the Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9887-8548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yijie","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Arts and Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China and The Future Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5874-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruhan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Arts and Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9129-781X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenhan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2093-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongtong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5897-0312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiwen","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2395-6674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan-Ling","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7782-2235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, School of Digital Media & Design Arts, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6282-342X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Jiaotong University, School of Architecture and Design, Beijing, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0560-4228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haipeng","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azy Barak and Orit Gluck-Ofri. 2007. Degree and reciprocity of self-disclosure in online forums. CyberPsychology & Behavior 10 3 (2007) 407\u2013417.","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9938"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbara Barbosa\u00a0Neves Jenny Waycott and Alexia Maddox. 2023. When technologies are not enough: the challenges of digital interventions to address loneliness in later life. Sociological Research Online 28 1 (2023) 150\u2013170.","DOI":"10.1177\/13607804211029298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"Sylvia\u00a0Margaret Bernard. 2013. Loneliness and Social Isolation Among Older People in North Yorkshire: Executive Summary. (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2016.7745197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simone Borsci Martin Schmettow Alessio Malizia Alan Chamberlain and Frank Van Der\u00a0Velde. 2023. A confirmatory factorial analysis of the Chatbot Usability Scale: a multilanguage validation. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 27 2 (2023) 317\u2013330.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-022-01690-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andreas Chang. 2012. UTAUT and UTAUT 2: A review and agenda for future research. The Winners 13 2 (2012) 10\u2013114.","DOI":"10.21512\/tw.v13i2.656"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yi-Ru\u00a0Regina Chen and Peter\u00a0J Schulz. 2016. The effect of information communication technology interventions on reducing social isolation in the elderly: a systematic review. Journal of medical Internet research 18 1 (2016) e4596.","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.4596"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simon Coghlan Jenny Waycott Amanda Lazar and Barbara Barbosa\u00a0Neves. 2021. Dignity autonomy and style of company: dimensions older adults consider for robot companions. Proceedings of the ACM on human-computer interaction 5 CSCW1 (2021) 1\u201325.","DOI":"10.1145\/3449178"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nikolas Coupland Justine Coupland Howard Giles and Karen Henwood. 1988. Accommodating the elderly: Invoking and extending a theory1. Language in society 17 1 (1988) 1\u201341.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047404500012574"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-60615-1_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olujoke\u00a0A Fakoya Noleen\u00a0K McCorry and Michael Donnelly. 2020. Loneliness and social isolation interventions for older adults: a scoping review of reviews. BMC public health 20 (2020) 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8251-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_13_2","volume-title":"An introduction to qualitative research","author":"Flick Uwe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Uwe Flick. 2018. An introduction to qualitative research. sage."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norina Gasteiger Kate Loveys Mikaela Law and Elizabeth Broadbent. 2021. Friends from the future: a scoping review of research into robots and computer agents to combat loneliness in older people. Clinical interventions in aging (2021) 941\u2013971.","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S282709"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3660650.3660662"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_16_2","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2014 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems","author":"Gratch Jonathan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jonathan Gratch, Gale\u00a0M Lucas, Aisha\u00a0Aisha King, and Louis-Philippe Morency. 2014. It\u2019s only a computer: the impact of human-agent interaction in clinical interviews. In Proceedings of the 2014 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems. 85\u201392."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeffrey\u00a0T Hancock Mor Naaman and Karen Levy. 2020. AI-mediated communication: Definition research agenda and ethical considerations. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 25 1 (2020) 89\u2013100.","DOI":"10.1093\/jcmc\/zmz022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robert\u00a0J Havighurst and Richard Glasser. 1972. An exploratory study of reminiscence. Journal of gerontology (1972).","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/27.2.245"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Annabell Ho Jeff Hancock and Adam\u00a0S Miner. 2018. Psychological relational and emotional effects of self-disclosure after conversations with a chatbot. Journal of Communication 68 4 (2018) 712\u2013733.","DOI":"10.1093\/joc\/jqy026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toshiharu Igarashi Misato Nihei Takenobu Inoue Ikuko Sugawara and Minoru Kamata. 2022. Eliciting a User\u2019s Preferences by the Self-Disclosure of Socially Assistive Robots in Local Households of Older Adults to Facilitate Verbal Human\u2013Robot Interaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19 18 (2022) 11319.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bahar Irfan Sanna Kuoppam\u00e4ki and Gabriel Skantze. 2024. Recommendations for designing conversational companion robots with older adults through foundation models. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 11 (2024) 1363713.","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2024.1363713"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3629606.3629624"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2696454.2696460"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eunbin Kang and Youn\u00a0Ah Kang. 2024. Counseling chatbot design: The effect of anthropomorphic chatbot characteristics on user self-disclosure and companionship. International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction 40 11 (2024) 2781\u20132795.","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2022.2163775"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2559636.2559839"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tae\u00a0Woo Kim Li Jiang Adam Duhachek Hyejin Lee and Aaron Garvey. 2022. Do you mind if I ask you a personal question? How AI service agents alter consumer self-disclosure. Journal of Service Research 25 4 (2022) 649\u2013666.","DOI":"10.1177\/10946705221120232"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309551"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joan\u00a0M Lappe. 1987. Reminiscing: The life review therapy. 12\u201316\u00a0pages.","DOI":"10.3928\/0098-9134-19870401-04"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwan\u00a0Min Lee Younbo Jung Jaywoo Kim and Sang\u00a0Ryong Kim. 2006. Are physically embodied social agents better than disembodied social agents?: The effects of physical embodiment tactile interaction and people\u2019s loneliness in human\u2013robot interaction. International journal of human-computer studies 64 10 (2006) 962\u2013973.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2006.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Othelia\u00a0EunKyoung Lee Hyenjoo Lee Albert Park and Namkee\u00a0G Choi. 2024. My precious friend: Human-Robot interactions in home care for socially isolated older adults. Clinical Gerontologist 47 1 (2024) 161\u2013170.","DOI":"10.1080\/07317115.2022.2156829"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gale\u00a0M Lucas Jonathan Gratch Aisha King and Louis-Philippe Morency. 2014. It\u2019s only a computer: Virtual humans increase willingness to disclose. Computers in Human Behavior 37 (2014) 94\u2013100.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.04.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gale\u00a0M Lucas Albert Rizzo Jonathan Gratch Stefan Scherer Giota Stratou Jill Boberg and Louis-Philippe Morency. 2017. Reporting mental health symptoms: breaking down barriers to care with virtual human interviewers. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 4 (2017) 51.","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2017.00051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maike Luhmann and Louise\u00a0C Hawkley. 2016. Age differences in loneliness from late adolescence to oldest old age. Developmental psychology 52 6 (2016) 943.","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000117"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maurizio Mancini Radoslaw Niewiadomski Gabriele De\u00a0Lucia and Francesco\u00a0Maria Longobardi. 2024. A Virtual Agent as a Commensal Companion. (2024).","DOI":"10.1145\/3652988.3673963"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stephen\u00a0M Marson and Rasby\u00a0M Powell. 2014. Goffman and the infantilization of elderly persons: A theory in development. J. Soc. & Soc. Welfare 41 (2014) 143.","DOI":"10.15453\/0191-5096.3986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2892311"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoshiki Nakamura and Hiroyuki Umemuro. 2022. Effect of robot\u2019s listening attitude change on self-disclosure of the elderly. International Journal of Social Robotics 14 9 (2022) 1935\u20131950.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-022-00934-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbara\u00a0Barbosa Neves Alexandra Sanders and Renata Kokanovi\u0107. 2019. \u201cIt\u2019s the worst bloody feeling in the world\u201d: Experiences of loneliness and social isolation among older people living in care homes. Journal of aging studies 49 (2019) 74\u201384.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2019.100785"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2018.8525562"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yohei Noguchi Hiroko Kamide and Fumihide Tanaka. 2020. Personality traits for a social mediator robot encouraging elderly self-disclosure on loss experiences. ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction (THRI) 9 3 (2020) 1\u201324.","DOI":"10.1145\/3377342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yohei Noguchi Hiroko Kamide and Fumihide Tanaka. 2023. How Should a Social Mediator Robot Convey Messages About the Self-Disclosures of Elderly People to Recipients? International Journal of Social Robotics 15 7 (2023) 1079\u20131099.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-023-01016-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sora Park Eun-Yeong Na and Eun-mee Kim. 2014. The relationship between online activities netiquette and cyberbullying. Children and youth services review 42 (2014) 74\u201381.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2014.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_44_2","first-page":"108","volume-title":"ICT4AWE","author":"Petrie Helen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Helen Petrie and Sanjit Samaddar. 2024. Measuring Older People\u2019s Attitudes Towards Personal Robots.. In ICT4AWE. 108\u2013118."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1228716.1228736"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCCE56475.2022.10014288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00a0Zahra Razavi Lenhart\u00a0K Schubert Kimberly Van\u00a0Orden Mohammad\u00a0Rafayet Ali Benjamin Kane and Ehsan Hoque. 2022. Discourse behavior of older adults interacting with a dialogue agent competent in multiple topics. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS) 12 2 (2022) 1\u201321.","DOI":"10.1145\/3484510"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amanda Sharkey. 2014. Robots and human dignity: a consideration of the effects of robot care on the dignity of older people. Ethics and Information Technology 16 (2014) 63\u201375.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-014-9338-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amanda Sharkey and Noel Sharkey. 2011. Children the elderly and interactive robots. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 18 1 (2011) 32\u201338.","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2010.940151"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3171221.3171248"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maki Suganuma. 1997. Self-disclosure and self-esteem in old age. Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology. Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology 45 4 (1997) 378\u2013387 (in Japanese). 10.5926\/jjep1953.45.4378","DOI":"10.5926\/jjep1953.45.4378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xinxin Sun Zhuojing Chen and Qianling Jiang. 2024. An Empirical Study on the Willingness of Young Elderly to Use Elderly Companion Robot. International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction (2024) 1\u201322.","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2024.2344918"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angelina\u00a0R Sutin Yannick Stephan Martina Luchetti and Antonio Terracciano. 2020. Loneliness and risk of dementia. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B 75 7 (2020) 1414\u20131422.","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gby112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2017.8172303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3464385.3464726"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_56_2","unstructured":"Sarah\u00a0I Vondracek and Fred\u00a0W Vondracek. 1971. The manipulation and measurement of self-disclosure in preadolescents. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly of Behavior and Development 17 1 (1971) 51\u201358."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ziqi Yang Xuhai Xu Bingsheng Yao Ethan Rogers Shao Zhang Stephen Intille Nawar Shara Guodong\u00a0Gordon Gao and Dakuo Wang. 2024. Talk2Care: An LLM-based Voice Assistant for Communication between Healthcare Providers and Older Adults. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 8 2 (2024) 1\u201335.","DOI":"10.1145\/3659625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3580842"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_59_2","volume-title":"iHDI@ CHI, Workshop of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Yao Yuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan Yao, Weiwei Zhang, SooJeong Yoo, Callum Parker, and Jihong Jeung. 2020. Exploring the Use of Drones for Taking Accessible Selfies with Elderly.. In iHDI@ CHI, Workshop of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_60_2","first-page":"290","volume-title":"HCI International 2024","author":"Zhang Jingjing","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jingjing Zhang, Xiaoxiao Wang, Huize Wan, Weiwei Zhang, and Yuan Yao. 2024. Exploring the Resilience of Older Internal Migrants Through Immersive Technology. In HCI International 2024, Margherita Antona, Constantine Stephanidis, Qin Gao, and Jia Zhou (Eds.). Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 290\u2013303."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376411"}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2025: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Yokohama Japan","acronym":"CHI '25","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3713639","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3706598.3713639","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T04:47:03Z","timestamp":1751604423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3713639"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3706598.3713639","10.1145\/3706598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3706598.3713639","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}