{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T23:57:51Z","timestamp":1781913471957,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":58,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2341748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2341748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3714132","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:45:58Z","timestamp":1745469958000},"page":"1-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Tactile Vega-Lite: Rapidly Prototyping Tactile Charts with Smart Defaults"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6404-7647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengzhu (Katie)","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EECS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3269-7618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Pedraza Pineros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M.I.T., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5564-635X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arvind","family":"Satyanarayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSAIL, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4811-4624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"American Printing\u00a0House. 2019. The Tactile Graphics Image Library: Helping Students Succeed. https:\/\/www.aph.org\/the-tactile-graphics-image-library-helping-students-succeed\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Frances Aldrich Linda Sheppard and Yvonne Hindle. 2003. First Steps Towards a Model of Tactile Graphicacy. Cartographic Journal 40 3 (Dec. 2003) 283\u2013287. 10.1179\/000870403225013014Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd.","DOI":"10.1179\/000870403225013014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Frances\u00a0K. Aldrich and Alan\u00a0J. Parkin. 1987. Tangible Line Graphs: An Experimental Investigation of Three Formats Using Capsule Paper. Human Factors 29 3 (June 1987) 301\u2013309. 10.1177\/001872088702900304Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc.","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088702900304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"American Printing House for the Blind Inc.1998. The Good Tactile Graphic. https:\/\/sites.aph.org\/files\/manuals\/7-30006-00.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"Tanni Anthony and Barbara Adams. 2005. The Definition and the Role of a TVI."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ather Sharif. 2024. I am disabled but not \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcimpaired\u00e2\u20ac\u2122. https:\/\/interactions.acm.org\/blog\/view\/i-am-disabled-but-not-impaired","DOI":"10.1145\/3686037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Catherine\u00a0M. Baker Lauren\u00a0R. Milne Ryan Drapeau Jeffrey Scofield Cynthia\u00a0L. Bennett and Richard\u00a0E. Ladner. 2016. Tactile Graphics with a Voice. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 8 1 (Jan. 2016) 3:1\u20133:22. 10.1145\/2854005","DOI":"10.1145\/2854005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_9_2","volume-title":"Tactile Graphics Guidebook","author":"Barth John\u00a0L.","year":"1982","unstructured":"John\u00a0L. Barth. 1982. Tactile Graphics Guidebook. American Printing House for the Blind, Louisville, KY."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"John\u00a0L. Barth. 1984. Incised grids: Enhancing the readability of tangible graphs for the blind. Human Factors 26 1 (1984) 61\u201370. 10.1177\/001872088402600106tex.eprint: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/001872088402600106.","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088402600106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"Braille Authority of North America. 2022. Guidelines and Standards for Tactile Graphics | Braille Authority of North America. https:\/\/www.brailleauthority.org\/guidelines-and-standards-tactile-graphics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_12_2","unstructured":"Diane Brauner. 2024. Teaching number line math skills: Part 2. https:\/\/www.perkins.org\/resource\/teaching-number-line-math-skills-part-2\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_13_2","unstructured":"Carmen Willings. 2020. Teacher of Students with Visual Impairments. https:\/\/www.teachingvisuallyimpaired.com\/teacher-of-students-with-visual-impairments.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44589-7_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pramod Chundury Yasmin Reyazuddin J.\u00a0Bern Jordan Jonathan Lazar and Niklas Elmqvist. 2023. TactualPlot: Spatializing Data as Sound using Sensory Substitution for Touchscreen Accessibility. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 30 1 (2023) 1\u201311. 10.1109\/TVCG.2023.3326937","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2023.3326937"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-27817-7_106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_17_2","unstructured":"Duxbury Systems. 2024. QuickTac free software. https:\/\/www.duxburysystems.com\/quicktac.asp"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_18_2","volume-title":"Tactile Graphics","author":"Edman Polly\u00a0K","year":"1992","unstructured":"Polly\u00a0K Edman. 1992. Tactile Graphics. Vol.\u00a015. American Foundation for the Blind."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3316782.3316793"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3453892.3458045"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3056540.3064955"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67744-6_12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Christin Engel and Gerhard Weber. 2019. User Study: A Detailed View on the Effectiveness and Design of Tactile Charts | SpringerLink. 10.1007\/978-3-030-29381-9_5","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29381-9_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_24_2","unstructured":"Diana Garcia-Mejia. 2024. The Central Role of the Teacher of Students with Visual Impairments. https:\/\/aphconnectcenter.org\/familyconnect\/education\/iep-individualized-education-program-3-years-to-22-years-old\/central-role-of-the-tvi\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1414471.1414525"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14600-8_25"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14600-8_17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308561.3354613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vicki\u00a0L. Hanson Anna Cavender and Shari Trewin. 2015. Writing about accessibility. Interactions 22 6 (Oct. 2015) 62\u201365. 10.1145\/2828432","DOI":"10.1145\/2828432"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_30_2","unstructured":"Lucia Hasty. 2024. Teaching Tactile Graphics. https:\/\/www.perkins.org\/resource\/teaching-tactile-graphics\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leona Holloway Peter Cracknell Kate Stephens Melissa Fanshawe Samuel Reinders Kim Marriott and Matthew Butler. 2024. Refreshable Tactile Displays for Accessible Data Visualisation. 10.48550\/arXiv.2401.15836arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2401.15836 [cs].","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2401.15836"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_32_2","unstructured":"Laura Hospit\u00c3\u00a1l. 2024. Tips for Reading Tactile Graphics in Science with a Focus on State Assessment. https:\/\/www.perkins.org\/resource\/tips-reading-tactile-graphics-science-focus-state-assessment\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_33_2","unstructured":"International Council on English Braille (ICEB). 2024. Unified English Braille (UEB). https:\/\/www.iceb.org\/ueb.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1296843.1296858"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stephen\u00a0E. Krufka Kenneth\u00a0E. Barner and Tuncer\u00a0Can Aysal. 2007. Visual to Tactile Conversion of Vector Graphics. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 15 2 (June 2007) 310\u2013321. 10.1109\/TNSRE.2007.897029Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering.","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2007.897029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Susan\u00a0J. Lederman and Jamie\u00a0I. Campbell. 1982. Tangible Graphs for the Blind. Human Factors 24 1 (Feb. 1982) 85\u2013100. 10.1177\/001872088202400109Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc.","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088202400109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_38_2","unstructured":"Liblouis. 2024. Liblouis - An open-source braille translator and back-translator.https:\/\/liblouis.io\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_39_2","unstructured":"Paths\u00a0to Literacy. 2014. Creating Large Print and Tactile Graphs. https:\/\/www.pathstoliteracy.org\/creating-large-print-and-tactile-graphs\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08599-9_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3640543.3645175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08599-9_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Denise Prescher Jens Bornschein and Gerhard Weber. 2017. Consistency of a Tactile Pattern Set. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 10 2 (April 2017) 7:1\u20137:29. 10.1145\/3053723","DOI":"10.1145\/3053723"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308561.3354610"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_45_2","unstructured":"Naomi Rosenberg. 2024. Touching the News. https:\/\/lighthouse-sf.org\/ttn\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_46_2","unstructured":"Hans Rosling. 2006. The best stats you\u2019ve ever seen. https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/hans_rosling_the_best_stats_you_ve_ever_seen https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/hans_rosling_the_best_stats_you_ve_ever_seen."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arvind Satyanarayan Dominik Moritz Kanit Wongsuphasawat and Jeffrey Heer. 2017. Vega-Lite: A Grammar of Interactive Graphics. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 23 1 (Jan. 2017) 341\u2013350. 10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2599030","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2599030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642730"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3441852.3471202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3517431"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581186"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_52_2","unstructured":"Purdue University. 2002. Tactile Diagram Manual (2002 Print Version). https:\/\/www.yumpu.com\/en\/document\/view\/25596604\/tactile-diagram-manual-2002-print-version-purdue-university"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tetsuya Watanabe Kosuke Araki Toshimitsu Yamaguchi and Kazunori Minatani. 2016. Development of Tactile Graph Generation Web Application Using R Statistics Software Environment. IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E99.D 8 (2016) 2151\u20132160. 10.1587\/transinf.2015EDP7405","DOI":"10.1587\/transinf.2015EDP7405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_54_2","unstructured":"Tetsuya Watanabe and Naoki Inaba. 2018. Textures Suitable for Tactile Bar Charts on Capsule Paper. Transactions of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan 23 (2018) 13\u201320."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94277-3_97"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-31522-0_25"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T.P. Way and K.E. Barner. 1997. Automatic visual to tactile translation. I. Human factors access methods and image manipulation. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering 5 1 (March 1997) 81\u201394. 10.1109\/86.559353Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering.","DOI":"10.1109\/86.559353"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376367"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3641996"}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2025: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Yokohama Japan","acronym":"CHI '25","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3714132","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3706598.3714132","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3706598.3714132","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T06:01:48Z","timestamp":1751608908000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3706598.3714132"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3706598.3714132","10.1145\/3706598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3706598.3714132","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}