{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:41:59Z","timestamp":1783471319387,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Comput. Healthcare"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To accelerate the time- and labor-intensive processes of drug discovery and repurposing, it is increasingly common to mine knowledge sources for connections between diseases and the drugs that can treat them. In this article we address the scalability challenge in the connection mining, by introducing algorithms that can be used to find plausible mechanistic connections between drugs and the potentially associated diseases in biomedical knowledge graphs. These connections are then presented to biomedical experts as candidate hypotheses for further studies of whether the drugs can be repurposed to treat the diseases.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            One challenge that has to be addressed in this effort is the processing of\n            <jats:italic>promiscuous<\/jats:italic>\n            knowledge-graph nodes, that is, nodes associated with numerous relationships that may not be unique or indicative of the node properties. As it turns out, the multiplicity of relationships involving promiscuous graph nodes may prevent the aforementioned path-finding algorithms from aiding in drug repurposing. To address the promiscuous-node challenge, we introduce\n            <jats:italic>promiscuity scores<\/jats:italic>\n            for nodes and paths in knowledge graphs, and incorporate the scores in the proposed path-finding algorithms. We report experimental results that indicate that paths with low-promiscuity scores could be meaningful and of interest to biomedical experts in drug repurposing.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3707650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T13:06:37Z","timestamp":1733749597000},"page":"1-32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Towards Improving the Efficiency of Drug Repurposing by Leveraging Node Promiscuity in Biomedical Knowledge Graphs"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1780-9872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Korn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill College of Arts and Sciences, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5429-476X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei-Yu","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2310-5131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kara","family":"Schatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA and Computer Science Department, Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2957-8792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon-Michael","family":"Beasley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3802-8896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Tropsha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4249-9690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rada","family":"Chirkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.3816\/CLC.2004.s.003","article-title":"Pharmacology and mechanism of action of pemetrexed","volume":"5","author":"Adjei Alex A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alex A. Adjei. 2004. Pharmacology and mechanism of action of pemetrexed. Clinical Lung Cancer 5 (2004), S51\u2013S55.","journal-title":"Clinical Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2010.03.008","article-title":"Mining connections between chemicals, proteins, and diseases extracted from medline annotations","volume":"43","author":"Baker Nancy C.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nancy C. Baker and Bradley M. Hemminger. 2010. Mining connections between chemicals, proteins, and diseases extracted from medline annotations. Journal of Biomedical Informatics 43, 4 (2010), 510\u2013519.","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"issue":"5439","key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5439.509","article-title":"Emergence of scaling in random networks","volume":"286","author":"Barab\u00e1si Albert-L\u00e1szl\u00f3","year":"1999","unstructured":"Albert-L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Barab\u00e1si and R\u00e9ka Albert. 1999. Emergence of scaling in random networks. Science 286, 5439 (1999), 509\u2013512.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Network Science","author":"Barab\u00e1si Albert-Laszlo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Albert-Laszlo Barab\u00e1si. 2016. Power laws and scale-free networks. In Network Science (1st. ed.). Cambridge University Press, 112\u2013115.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x","article-title":"Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice","volume":"45","author":"Ben-Menachem Elinor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elinor Ben-Menachem. 2004. Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia 45 (2004), 13\u201318.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03068-7"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4968","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.9b00683","article-title":"ROBOKOP KG and KGB: Integrated knowledge graphs from federated sources","volume":"59","author":"Bizon Chris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chris Bizon, Steven Cox, James Balhoff, Yaphet Kebede, Patrick Wang, Kenneth Morton, Karamarie Fecho, and Alexander Tropsha. 2019. ROBOKOP KG and KGB: Integrated knowledge graphs from federated sources. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 59, 12 (2019), 4968\u20134973.","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2010.12.2\/abjornsson","article-title":"Body dysmorphic disorder","volume":"12","author":"Bjornsson Andri S.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Andri S. Bjornsson, Elizabeth R. Didie, and Katharine A. Phillips. 2010. Body dysmorphic disorder. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 12, 2 (2010), 221.","journal-title":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1159\/000117399","article-title":"Comparison of immediate-release and controlled release carbidopa\/levodopa in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"37","author":"Block Gilbert","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gilbert Block, Charles Liss, Scott Reines, Joseph Irr, and Donald Nibbelink. 1997. Comparison of immediate-release and controlled release carbidopa\/levodopa in Parkinson\u2019s disease. European Neurology 37, 1 (1997), 23\u201327.","journal-title":"European Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"2787","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Bordes Antoine","year":"2013","unstructured":"Antoine Bordes, Nicolas Usunier, Alberto Garcia-Duran, Jason Weston, and Oksana Yakhnenko. 2013. Translating embeddings for modeling multi-relational data. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 26, Curran Associates, Inc, 2787\u20132795."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Scale-free networks are rare","volume":"10","author":"Broido Anna D.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anna D. Broido and Aaron Clauset. 2019. Scale-free networks are rare. Nature Communications 10, 1 (2019), 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2018.2807452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.7b00589"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29894","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: Past, present, and future","volume":"116","author":"Conti-Fine Bianca M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bianca M. Conti-Fine, Monica Milani, and Henry J. Kaminski. 2006. Myasthenia gravis: Past, present, and future. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 116, 11 (2006), 2843\u20132854.","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4306","article-title":"The drug repurposing hub: A next-generation drug library and information resource","volume":"23","author":"Corsello Steven M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Steven M. Corsello, Joshua A. Bittker, Zihan Liu, Joshua Gould, Patrick McCarren, Jodi E. Hirschman, Stephen E. Johnston, Anita Vrcic, Bang Wong, Mariya Khan, et al. 2017. The drug repurposing hub: A next-generation drug library and information resource. Nature Medicine 23, 4 (2017), 405\u2013408.","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-32296-9_3","volume-title":"Algorithms and Models for the Web Graph","author":"Dehghan Ashkan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashkan Dehghan, Kinga Siuta, Agata Skorupka, Andrei Betlen, David Miller, Bogumi\u0142 Kami\u0144ski, and Pawe\u0142 Pra\u0142at. 2023. Unsupervised framework for evaluating structural node embeddings of graphs. In Algorithms and Models for the Web Graph. Springer Nature Switzerland, 36\u201351."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-020-01040-y","article-title":"Drug-repositioning screening identified fludarabine and risedronic acid as potential therapeutic compounds for malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"39","author":"Dell\u2019Anno Irene","year":"2021","unstructured":"Irene Dell\u2019Anno, Sarah A. Martin, Marcella Barbarino, Alessandra Melani, Roberto Silvestri, Maria Bottaro, Elisa Paolicchi, Alda Corrado, Monica Cipollini, Ombretta Melaiu, et al. 2021. Drug-repositioning screening identified fludarabine and risedronic acid as potential therapeutic compounds for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Investigational New Drugs 39, 3 (2021), 644\u2013657.","journal-title":"Investigational New Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab543"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(04)65008-2","article-title":"Mechanistic connections between glucose\/lipid disturbances and weight gain induced by antipsychotic drugs","volume":"65","author":"Dwyer Donard S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Donard S. Dwyer, Dallas Donohoe, Xiao-Hong Lu, and Eric J. Aamodt. 2005. Mechanistic connections between glucose\/lipid disturbances and weight gain induced by antipsychotic drugs. International Review of Neurobiology 65 (2005), 211\u2013247.","journal-title":"International Review of Neurobiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-003-0127-5","article-title":"Ptosis: Causes, presentation, and management","volume":"27","author":"Finsterer Josef","year":"2003","unstructured":"Josef Finsterer. 2003. Ptosis: Causes, presentation, and management. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 27, 3 (2003), 193\u2013204.","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"226","article-title":"On the antibacterial action of cultures of a penicillium, with special reference to their use in the isolation of B. Influenzae","volume":"10","author":"Fleming Alexander","year":"1929","unstructured":"Alexander Fleming. 1929. On the antibacterial action of cultures of a penicillium, with special reference to their use in the isolation of B. Influenzae. British Journal of Experimental Pathology 10, 3 (1929), 226.","journal-title":"British Journal of Experimental Pathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"111","article-title":"Pregabalin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia","volume":"65","author":"Frampton James E.","year":"2005","unstructured":"James E. Frampton and Rachel H. Foster. 2005. Pregabalin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia. Drugs 65, 1 (2005), 111\u2013118.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-39940-9_592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"397","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","author":"Gardner Matt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matt Gardner, Partha Talukdar, Jayant Krishnamurthy, and Tom Mitchell. 2014. Incorporating vector space similarity in random walk inference over knowledge bases. In Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. ACL, 397\u2013406. DOI: 10.3115\/v1\/D14-1044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D13-1080","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","author":"Gardner Matt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matt Gardner, Partha Pratim Talukdar, Bryan Kisiel, and Tom Mitchell. 2013. Improving learning and inference in a large knowledge-base using latent syntactic cues. In Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. ACL, 833\u2013838."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","article-title":"DrugMechDB: A curated database of drug mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Gonzalez-Cavazos Adriana Carolina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Adriana Carolina Gonzalez-Cavazos, Anna Tanska, Michael Mayers, Denise Carvalho-Silva, Brindha Sridharan, Patrick A. Rewers, Umasri Sankarlal, Lakshmanan Jagannathan, and Andrew I. Su. 2023. DrugMechDB: A curated database of drug mechanisms. Scientific Data 10, 1 (2023), 632.","journal-title":"Scientific Data"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1940","article-title":"Gefitinib in patients with malignant mesothelioma: A phase II study by the cancer and leukemia group B","volume":"11","author":"Govindan Ramaswamy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramaswamy Govindan, Robert A. Kratzke, James E. Herndon, Gloria A. Niehans, Robin Vollmer, Dorothy Watson, Mark R. Green, and Hedy L. Kindler. 2005. Gefitinib in patients with malignant mesothelioma: A phase II study by the cancer and leukemia group B. Clinical Cancer Research 11, 6 (2005), 2300\u20132304.","journal-title":"Clinical Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939754"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","first-page":"1025","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Hamilton William L.","year":"2017","unstructured":"William L. Hamilton, Rex Ying, and Jure Leskovec. 2017. Inductive representation learning on large graphs. In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. Curran Associates Inc., 1025\u20131035."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(08)80004-2","article-title":"The human pharmacology of fluticasone propionate","volume":"84","author":"Harding S. M.","year":"1990","unstructured":"S. M. Harding. 1990. The human pharmacology of fluticasone propionate. Respiratory Medicine 84 (1990), 25\u201329.","journal-title":"Respiratory Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26726","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.26726","article-title":"Systematic integration of biomedical knowledge prioritizes drugs for repurposing","volume":"6","author":"Himmelstein Daniel Scott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Daniel Scott Himmelstein, Antoine Lizee, Christine Hessler, Leo Brueggeman, Sabrina L. Chen, Dexter Hadley, Ari Green, Pouya Khankhanian, and Sergio E. Baranzini. 2017. Systematic integration of biomedical knowledge prioritizes drugs for repurposing. eLife 6 (2017), e26726.","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.1995.598994","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","volume":"1","author":"Ho Tin Kam","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tin Kam Ho. 1995. Random decision forests. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Vol. 1. IEEE, 278\u2013282. DOI: 10.1109\/ICDAR.1995.598994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","first-page":"458","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Management of Data, SIGMOD Conference 2022","author":"Hou Pei-Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pei-Yu Hou, Daniel R. Korn, Cleber C. Melo-Filho, David R. Wright, Alexander Tropsha, and Rada Chirkova. 2022. Compact walks: Taming knowledge-graph embeddings with domain- and task-specific pathways. In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Management of Data, SIGMOD Conference 2022. ACM, 458\u2013469."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","first-page":"47","article-title":"Systemic inhibition of spontaneous calcification by the serum protein \u03b1 2-HS glycoprotein\/fetuin","volume":"90","author":"Jahnen-Dechent Willi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Willi Jahnen-Dechent, Cora Sch\u00e4fer, Alexander Heiss, and Joachim Gr\u00f6tzinger. 2001. Systemic inhibition of spontaneous calcification by the serum protein \u03b1 2-HS glycoprotein\/fetuin. Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Kardiologie 90, 3 (2001), 47\u201356.","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Kardiologie"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-77385-4_9","volume-title":"The Semantic Web","author":"Jain Nitisha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nitisha Jain, Jan-Christoph Kalo, Wolf-Tilo Balke, and Ralf Krestel. 2021. Do embeddings actually capture knowledge graph semantics? In The Semantic Web. Springer International Publishing, 143\u2013159."},{"issue":"691","key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.59.691.304","article-title":"Alpha 2HS-glycoprotein in the serum and urine of patients with renal diseases","volume":"59","author":"Kishore Bellamkonda K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bellamkonda K. Kishore, F. Gejyo, and M. Arakawa. 1983. Alpha 2HS-glycoprotein in the serum and urine of patients with renal diseases. Postgraduate Medical Journal 59, 691 (1983), 304\u2013307.","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/345966.345982"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btaa718"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daniel Korn Andrew J. Thieme Vinicius M. Alves Michael Yeakey Joyce V. V. B. Borba Stephen J. Capuzzi Karamarie Fecho Chris Bizon Stephen W. Edwards Rada Chirkova et al. 2022. Defining clinical outcome pathways. DOI: 10.1016\/j.drudis.2022.02.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2022.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","first-page":"529","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","author":"Lao Ni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ni Lao, Tom Mitchell, and William W. Cohen. 2011. Random walk inference and learning in a large scale knowledge base. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. ACL, 529\u2013539."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","first-page":"828","article-title":"Atorvastatin. A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic potential in the management of hyperlipidaemias","volume":"53","author":"Lea Andrew P.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Andrew P. Lea and Donna McTavish. 1997. Atorvastatin. A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic potential in the management of hyperlipidaemias. Drugs 53, 5 (1997), 828\u2013847.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz682","article-title":"BioBERT: A pre-trained biomedical language representation model for biomedical text mining","volume":"36","author":"Lee Jinhyuk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jinhyuk Lee, Wonjin Yoon, Sungdong Kim, Donghyeon Kim, Sunkyu Kim, Chan Ho So, and Jaewoo Kang. 2020. BioBERT: A pre-trained biomedical language representation model for biomedical text mining. Bioinformatics 36, 4 (2020), 1234\u20131240.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","first-page":"553","volume-title":"Web-Age Information Management","author":"Li Yitong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yitong Li, Chuan Shi, Philip S. Yu, and Qing Chen. 2014. HRank: A path based ranking method in heterogeneous information network. In Web-Age Information Management. Springer International Publishing, 553\u2013565."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Modeling Social Media","author":"Lim Kwan Hui","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kwan Hui Lim and Amitava Datta. 2012. Finding Twitter communities with common interests using following links of celebrities. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Modeling Social Media. ACM, 25\u201332. DOI: 10.1145\/2310057.2310064"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"A network integration approach for drug-target interaction prediction and computational drug repositioning from heterogeneous information","volume":"8","author":"Luo Yunan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yunan Luo, Xinbin Zhao, Jingtian Zhou, Jinglin Yang, Yanqing Zhang, Wenhua Kuang, Jian Peng, Ligong Chen, and Jianyang Zeng. 2017. A network integration approach for drug-target interaction prediction and computational drug repositioning from heterogeneous information. Nature Communications 8, 1 (2017), 1\u201313.","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giad057"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","series-title":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization","first-page":"1195","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 26th IJCAI","author":"Mazumder Sahisnu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sahisnu Mazumder and Bing Liu. 2017. Context-aware path ranking for knowledge base completion. In Proceedings of the 26th IJCAI. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 1195\u20131201. DOI: 10.24963\/ijcai.2017\/166"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.454","article-title":"Uremic pruritus","volume":"87","author":"Mettang Thomas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thomas Mettang and Andreas E. Kremer. 2015. Uremic pruritus. Kidney International 87, 4 (2015), 685\u2013691.","journal-title":"Kidney International"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Learning Representations, Workshop Track Proceedings","author":"Mikolov Tom\u00e1s","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tom\u00e1s Mikolov, Kai Chen, Greg Corrado, and Jeffrey Dean. 2013. Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Learning Representations, Workshop Track Proceedings. ICLR, 1\u201312."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","first-page":"285","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Theory of Switching","author":"Moore Edward F.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Edward F. Moore. 1959. The shortest path through a maze. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Theory of Switching. Harvard University Press, 285\u2013292."},{"issue":"24","key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5382","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz604","article-title":"ROBOKOP: An abstraction layer and user interface for knowledge graphs to support question answering","volume":"35","author":"Morton Kenneth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kenneth Morton, Patrick Wang, Chris Bizon, Steven Cox, James Balhoff, Yaphet Kebede, Karamarie Fecho, and Alexander Tropsha. 2019. ROBOKOP: An abstraction layer and user interface for knowledge graphs to support question answering. Bioinformatics 35, 24 (2019), 5382\u20135384.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11069-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2012.11.003","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease","volume":"40","author":"Nelson Robert H.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Robert H. Nelson. 2013. Hyperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 40, 1 (2013), 195\u2013211.","journal-title":"Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198805090.001.0001","volume-title":"Networks","author":"Newman Mark","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mark Newman. 2018. Degree distributions. In Networks. Oxford University Press, 243\u2013247."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D995","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1072","article-title":"Pharos: Collating protein information to shed light on the druggable genome","volume":"45","author":"Nguyen Dac-Trung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dac-Trung Nguyen, Stephen Mathias, Cristian Bologa, Soren Brunak, Nicolas Fernandez, Anna Gaulton, Anne Hersey, Jayme Holmes, Lars Juhl Jensen, Anneli Karlsson, et al. 2017. Pharos: Collating protein information to shed light on the druggable genome. Nucleic Acids Research 45, D1 (2017), D995\u2013D1002.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-012-9390-1","article-title":"Drug repurposing: Far beyond new targets for old drugs","volume":"14","author":"Oprea T. I.","year":"2012","unstructured":"T. I. Oprea and J. Mestres. 2012. Drug repurposing: Far beyond new targets for old drugs. The AAPS Journal 14, 4 (2012), 759\u2013763.","journal-title":"The AAPS Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2199","article-title":"How many drug targets are there?","volume":"5","author":"Overington John P.","year":"2006","unstructured":"John P. Overington, Bissan Al-Lazikani, and Andrew L. Hopkins. 2006. How many drug targets are there? Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 5, 12 (2006), 993\u2013996.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","first-page":"1333","article-title":"Somatoform disorders","volume":"76","author":"Oyama Oliver","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oliver Oyama, Catherine Paltoo, and Julian Greengold. 2007. Somatoform disorders. American Family Physician 76, 9 (2007), 1333\u20131338.","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2019.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-160218","article-title":"Knowledge graph refinement: A survey of approaches and evaluation methods","volume":"8","author":"Paulheim Heiko","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heiko Paulheim. 2017. Knowledge graph refinement: A survey of approaches and evaluation methods. Semantic Web 8 (2017), 489\u2013508.","journal-title":"Semantic Web"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","first-page":"569","article-title":"Pemetrexed in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"6","author":"Peake Michael D.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Michael D. Peake. 2009. Pemetrexed in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Clinical Practice 6, 4 (2009), 569.","journal-title":"Clinical Practice"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa Fabian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fabian Pedregosa, Ga\u00ebl Varoquaux, Alexandre Gramfort, Vincent Michel, Bertrand Thirion, Olivier Grisel, Mathieu Blondel, Peter Prettenhofer, Ron Weiss, Vincent Dubourg, et al. 2011. Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python. Journal of Machine Learning Research 12 (Oct. 2011), 2825\u20132830.","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2018.168","article-title":"Drug repurposing: Progress, challenges and recommendations","volume":"18","author":"Pushpakom Sudeep","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sudeep Pushpakom, Francesco Iorio, Patrick A. Eyers, K. Jane Escott, Shirley Hopper, Andrew Wells, Andrew Doig, Tim Guilliams, Joanna Latimer, Christine McNamee, et al. 2019. Drug repurposing: Progress, challenges and recommendations. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 18, 1 (2019), 41\u201358.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1353\/ken.2001.0017","article-title":"Setting biomedical research priorities: Justice, science, and public participation","volume":"11","author":"Resnik David B.","year":"2001","unstructured":"David B. Resnik. 2001. Setting biomedical research priorities: Justice, science, and public participation. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 11, 2 (2001), 181\u2013204.","journal-title":"Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2003.11.004","article-title":"Somatization, dissociation and general psychopathology in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures","volume":"57","author":"Reuber Markus","year":"2003","unstructured":"Markus Reuber, Allan O. House, Ralf Pukrop, J\u00fcrgen Bauer, and Christian E. Elger. 2003. Somatization, dissociation and general psychopathology in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy Research 57, 2\u20133 (2003), 159\u2013167.","journal-title":"Epilepsy Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","volume-title":"Mathematical Statistics and Data Analysis","author":"Rice John A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"John A. Rice. 2006. Mathematical Statistics and Data Analysis. Cengage Learning."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mechanisms in biomedical ontology","volume":"3","author":"R\u00f6hl Johannes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Johannes R\u00f6hl. 2012. Mechanisms in biomedical ontology. Journal of Biomedical Semantics 3, 2 (2012), 1\u201314.","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","first-page":"359","article-title":"Magic bullets vs magic shotguns: Why selectively non-selective drugs are better for treating schizophrenia and depression","volume":"3","author":"Roth Bryan L.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bryan L. Roth, Douglas J. Sheffler, and Wesley K. Kroeze. 2004. Magic bullets vs magic shotguns: Why selectively non-selective drugs are better for treating schizophrenia and depression. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 3 (2004), 359\u2013364.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh264","article-title":"Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to atrazine in the agricultural health study","volume":"96","author":"Rusiecki Jennifer A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jennifer A. Rusiecki, Anneclaire De Roos, Won Jin Lee, Mustafa Dosemeci, Jay H. Lubin, Jane A. Hoppin, Aaron Blair, and Michael C. R. Alavanja. 2004. Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to atrazine in the agricultural health study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96, 18 (2004), 1375\u20131382.","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-018-0236-z","article-title":"The role of diet in multiple sclerosis: Mechanistic connections and current evidence","volume":"7","author":"Sand Ilana Katz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ilana Katz Sand. 2018. The role of diet in multiple sclerosis: Mechanistic connections and current evidence. Current Nutrition Reports 7, 3 (2018), 150\u2013160.","journal-title":"Current Nutrition Reports"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/eb024706"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2022.109597"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2017.105","volume-title":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)","author":"Shiralkar Prashant","year":"2017","unstructured":"Prashant Shiralkar, Alessandro Flammini, Filippo Menczer, and Giovanni Luca Ciampaglia. 2017. Finding streams in knowledge graphs to support fact checking. In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), 859\u2013864. DOI: 10.1109\/ICDM.2017.105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-020-00155-6"},{"issue":"26","key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2721","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra044047","article-title":"Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid","volume":"352","author":"III O. Carter Snead","year":"2005","unstructured":"O. Carter Snead III and K. Michael Gibson. 2005. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. New England Journal of Medicine 352, 26 (2005), 2721\u20132732.","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1142\/9789811215636_0041","volume-title":"Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing 2020","author":"Sosa Daniel N.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Daniel N. Sosa, Alexander Derry, Margaret Guo, Eric Wei, Connor Brinton, and Russ B. Altman. 2019. A literature-based knowledge graph embedding method for identifying drug repurposing opportunities in rare diseases. In Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing 2020. World Scientific, ISCB, 463\u2013474. DOI: 10.1142\/9789811215636_0041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/pbm.1986.0087"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/0201010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13321-020-00447-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-417205-0.00003-1"},{"issue":"86","key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"Maaten Laurens Van der","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laurens Van der Maaten and Geoffrey Hinton. 2008. Visualizing data using t-SNE. Journal of Machine Learning Research 9, 86 (2008), 2579\u20132605.","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12604","article-title":"Temsirolimus targets multiple hallmarks of cancer to impede mesothelioma growth in vivo","volume":"20","author":"Vazakidou Maria Eleni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maria Eleni Vazakidou, Sophia Magkouta, Charalampos Moschos, Ioannis Psallidas, Apostolos Pappas, Katherina Psarra, and Ioannis Kalomenidis. 2015. Temsirolimus targets multiple hallmarks of cancer to impede mesothelioma growth in vivo. Respirology 20, 8 (2015), 1263\u20131271.","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2012.02.002","article-title":"The antifolates","volume":"26","author":"Visentin Michele","year":"2012","unstructured":"Michele Visentin, Rongbao Zhao, and I. David Goldman. 2012. The antifolates. Hematology\/Oncology Clinics 26, 3 (2012), 629\u2013648.","journal-title":"Hematology\/Oncology Clinics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","first-page":"66","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies: Demonstrations","author":"Wang Qingyun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qingyun Wang, Manling Li, Xuan Wang, Nikolaus Parulian, Guangxing Han, Jiawei Ma, Jingxuan Tu, Ying Lin, Haoran Zhang, Weili Liu, et al. 2020. COVID-19 literature knowledge graph construction and drug repurposing report generation. In Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies: Demonstrations, 66\u201377. DOI: 10.48550\/ARXIV.2007.00576"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2017.2754499"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm094","article-title":"Fetuin-a (AHSG) prevents extraosseous calcification induced by uraemia and phosphate challenge in mice","volume":"22","author":"Westenfeld Ralf","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ralf Westenfeld, Cora Sch\u00e4fer, Ralf Smeets, Vincent M. Brandenburg, J\u00fcrgen Floege, Markus Ketteler, and Willi Jahnen-Dechent. 2007. Fetuin-a (AHSG) prevents extraosseous calcification induced by uraemia and phosphate challenge in mice. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 22, 6 (2007), 1537\u20131546.","journal-title":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D901","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm958","article-title":"DrugBank: A knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets","volume":"36","author":"Wishart David S.","year":"2008","unstructured":"David S. Wishart, Craig Knox, An Chi Guo, Dean Cheng, Savita Shrivastava, Dan Tzur, Bijaya Gautam, and Murtaza Hassanali. 2008. DrugBank: A knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets. Nucleic Acids Research 36, Database Issue (2008), D901\u20136.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. C. Wood Amy K. Glen Lindsey G. Kvarfordt Finn Womack Liliana Acevedo Timothy S. Yoon Chunyu Ma Veronica Flores Meghamala Sinha Yodsawalai Chodpathumwan et al. 2021. RTX-KG2: A system for building a semantically standardized knowledge graph for translational biomedicine.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.10.17.464747"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.202100179"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","first-page":"1666","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGKDD","author":"Yang Zhen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhen Yang, Ming Ding, Chang Zhou, Hongxia Yang, Jingren Zhou, and Jie Tang. 2020. Understanding negative sampling in graph representation learning. In Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGKDD. ACM, 1666\u20131676. DOI: 10.1145\/3394486.3403218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12070998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2021.103696","article-title":"Drug repurposing for COVID-19 via knowledge graph completion","volume":"115","author":"Zhang Rui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rui Zhang, Dimitar Hristovski, Dalton Schutte, Andrej Kastrin, Marcelo Fiszman, and Halil Kilicoglu. 2021. Drug repurposing for COVID-19 via knowledge graph completion. Journal of Biomedical Informatics 115 (2021), 103696.","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/fi13010014","article-title":"Drug repurposing for Parkinson\u2019s disease by integrating knowledge graph completion model and knowledge fusion of medical literature","volume":"13","author":"Zhang Xiaolin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiaolin Zhang and Chao Che. 2021. Drug repurposing for Parkinson\u2019s disease by integrating knowledge graph completion model and knowledge fusion of medical literature. Future Internet 13, 1 (2021), 14.","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30192-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458220937101","article-title":"Knowledge-driven drug repurposing using a comprehensive drug knowledge graph","volume":"26","author":"Zhu Yongjun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yongjun Zhu, Chao Che, Bo Jin, Ningrui Zhang, Chang Su, and Fei Wang. 2020. Knowledge-driven drug repurposing using a comprehensive drug knowledge graph. Health Informatics Journal 26, 4 (2020), 2737\u20132750.","journal-title":"Health Informatics Journal"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3707650","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3707650","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:17:38Z","timestamp":1750295858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3707650"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3707650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3707650","relation":{},"ISSN":["2637-8051"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2637-8051","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}