{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T18:09:55Z","timestamp":1785953395213,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Supported by Longgang District Shenzhen's ?Ten Action Plan?for Supporting Innovation Projects","award":["LGKCSDPT2024002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGKCSDPT2024002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Commun. ACM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Emphasizing self-improvement, simulation-driven refinement, and reduced human oversight for autonomous machines development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3708012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T13:55:41Z","timestamp":1742392541000},"page":"28-32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Autonomy 2.0: The Quest for Economies of Scale"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Shuang","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA Corp, Santa Clara, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoshan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","article-title":"Language models are few-shot learners","volume":"33","author":"Brown T.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brown, T. et al. Language models are few-shot learners. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 33 (2020).","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","article-title":"Decision transformer: Reinforcement learning via sequence modeling","volume":"34","author":"Chen L.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen, L. et al. Decision transformer: Reinforcement learning via sequence modeling. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 34 (2021).","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05732-2"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_1_5_2.1","unstructured":"Levine S. et al. Offline Reinforcement Learning: Tutorial Rev. and Perspectives on Open Problems. (2020)"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_1_5_2.2","unstructured":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.01643 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3653468"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","unstructured":"Ma Y. et al. A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models for Embodied AI. (2024); arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.14093"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3503250"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","article-title":"Attention is all you need","volume":"30","author":"Vaswani A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vaswani, A. et al. Attention is all you need. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30 (2017).","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MICRO50266.2020.00089"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2022.3159500"}],"container-title":["Communications of the ACM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3708012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3708012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:17:14Z","timestamp":1750295834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3708012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3708012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3708012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-0782","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}