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However, regulating their device usage across two households presents unique co-parenting challenges, which are little studied in the existing literature on parental mediation. As we begin to address this gap, we used low-fidelity prototype designs, guided by the principles of fostering open communication and instilling self-regulation. We evaluated those designs (presented in the form of storyboards) through semi-structured interviews with 23 divorced parents, whose children are active Internet users and aged 13 years or below. Based on our analysis, we identified six distinct personas under four co-parenting types: conflicted, cooperative, parallel, and uninvolved. We then validated these personas through three focus group sessions with seven divorced parents. Within the context of these personas, we delve into diverse co-parenting challenges, shed light on the perceived benefits of the design in addressing those challenges, and outline design modifications suggested by parents to suit various co-parenting situations. The insights from our studies offer recommendations and guidelines for future research in the sphere of dynamic co-parenting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3711077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T11:36:19Z","timestamp":1747740979000},"page":"1-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\"Synchronized parenting is like mixing oil and water\": Reimagining Parental Control for Co-parenting in the Divorced Households"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6326-5810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prakriti","family":"Dumaru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3872-7990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Audrey","family":"Flood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5764-2253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdi Nasrullah","family":"Al-Ameen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0197-6664.2004.00053.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3579625"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3584931.3606964"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642313"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544549.3585904"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Nineteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS","author":"Akter Mamtaj","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mamtaj Akter, Madiha Tabassum, Nazmus Sakib Miazi, Leena Alghamdi, Jess Kropczynski, Pamela J Wisniewski, and Heather Lipford. 2023b. 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