{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T13:36:38Z","timestamp":1770903398953,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Algorithms"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            In multiple-choice data structures each element\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(x\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            in a set\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(S\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            of\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(m\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">keys<\/jats:italic>\n            is associated with a random set\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(e(x) \\subseteq [n]\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            of\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">buckets<\/jats:italic>\n            with capacity\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\geq 1\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            by hash functions. This setting is captured by the hypergraph\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(H=([n],\\{e(x)\\mid x \\in S\\})\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            . Accommodating each key in an associated bucket amounts to finding an\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">-orientation<\/jats:italic>\n            of\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(H\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            assigning to each hyperedge an incident vertex such that each vertex is assigned at most\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            hyperedges. If each subhypergraph of\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(H\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            has minimum degree at most\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            , then an\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -orientation can be found greedily and\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(H\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            is called\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">-peelable<\/jats:italic>\n            . Peelability has a central role in invertible Bloom lookup tables and can speed up the construction of retrieval data structures, perfect hash functions, and cuckoo hash tables.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            Many hypergraphs exhibit sharp density thresholds with respect to\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -orientability and\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -peelability, i.e., as the density\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(c=\\frac{m}{n}\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            grows past a critical value, the probability of these properties drops from almost\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(1\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            to almost\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(0\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            . In fully random\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(k\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -uniform hypergraphs the thresholds\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(c_{\\smash{k,\\ell}}^{*}\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            for\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -orientability significantly exceed the thresholds for\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -peelability. In this article, for every\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(k\\geq 2\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            and\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\geq 1\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            with\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\((k,\\ell)\\neq(2,1)\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            and every\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(z&gt;0\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            , we construct a new family of random\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(k\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -uniform hypergraphs with i.i.d. random hyperedges such that\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">both<\/jats:italic>\n            the\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -peelability and the\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\ell\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -orientability thresholds approach\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(c_{\\smash{k,\\ell}}^{*}\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            as\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(z \\rightarrow \\infty \\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            . In particular, we achieve\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(1\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            -peelability at densities arbitrarily close to\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(1\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            , extending the reach of greedy algorithms.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            Our construction is simple: The\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(n\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            vertices are linearly ordered and each hyperedge selects its\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(k\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            elements uniformly at random from a random range of\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\frac{n}{z+1}\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            consecutive vertices. We thus exploit the phenomenon of\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">threshold saturation<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">via<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">spatial coupling<\/jats:italic>\n            discovered in the context of low-density parity-check codes. Once the connection to data structures is in plain sight, a framework by Kudekar, Richardson and Urbanke does the heavy lifting in our proof.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            We demonstrate the usefulness of our construction using our hypergraphs as a drop-in replacement in a retrieval data structure by Botelho et al. This reduces memory usage from\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\approx 1.23m\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            bits to\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(\\approx 1.12m\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            bits (for input size\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(m\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            ). Using\n            <jats:inline-formula content-type=\"math\/tex\">\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\" version=\"MathJax\">\\(k&gt;3\\)<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            attains, at small sacrifices in running time, further improvements to memory usage.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3711822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T11:03:34Z","timestamp":1736420614000},"page":"1-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Peeling Close to the Orientability Threshold Spatial Coupling in Hashing-Based Data Structures"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6477-0106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Walzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-09444-0_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"352","volume-title":"Proc. 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