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Netw."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The source localization is a process to determine the location of a signal source based on measurements from sensor nodes or receivers that are spatially distributed in the area around the source. Localizing intruders and mobile users are some of the utilizations of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) based source localization problem. However, sensor faults and channel noise are the important issues that degrade the source localization performances of the systems. In this article, we significantly study and improve our recent results; the representative fault tolerant hitting set and feature selection approaches for localizing a source in a decentralized WSN using the faulty sensor nodes and channel noise. First, we propose a technique to place some active sensor nodes in the sleep state such that the source localization performances of the hitting set and feature selection approaches do not significantly degrade. The proposed technique takes advantage of spatial correlations among sensor nodes, where nearby sensor nodes provide same decisions to the fusion center with a high probability. We observe that the performance gap for the results with and without sleeping sensor nodes decreases by increasing total sensor nodes. In addition, we improve our recent results by proposing a technique based on spatial correlations among sensor nodes to minimize the impact of channels\u2019 noises, especially for a higher fault probability of sensor nodes. Finally, extensive simulations on synthetic and real-world datasets validate our theoretical results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3711907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T11:25:39Z","timestamp":1736853939000},"page":"1-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spatial Correlations Based Fault Tolerant Source Localization Using Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2921-3507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akram","family":"Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University - Minhang Campus, Shanghai, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3910-5286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Minhang Campus, Shanghai, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-023-10342-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3262663"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2020.102968"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2020.102783"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3466639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2023.109663"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2016.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/487978"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peva.2023.102374"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-021-02812-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2019.102425"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-020-02380-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2019.2901782"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2023.3280417"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peva.2023.102395"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.08.068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2705644"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2019.2927613"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2019.2921537"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2007.4394521"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3614095"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3488281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11704-021-0375-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2013.2297319"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2009.2016481"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2009.60"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2023.100713"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2023.103793"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2006.882082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3561512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.2992651"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","unstructured":"Sebastian Sadowski Petros Spachos and Konstantinos N. 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