{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T16:38:19Z","timestamp":1781887099615,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":35,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Top Talent of SZTU","award":["Grant no. GDRC202413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant no. GDRC202413"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3712678.3721880","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T06:20:32Z","timestamp":1743661232000},"page":"43-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["LLM4Band: Enhancing Reinforcement Learning with Large Language Models for Accurate Bandwidth Estimation"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3938-9305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8356-3026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongwei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3389-7382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8069-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cedric","family":"Westphal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2479-7595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongbiao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNIC, CAS, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4897-2645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingyan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Diogo Almeida, Janko Altenschmidt, Sam Altman, Shyamal Anadkat, et al.","author":"Achiam Josh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Josh Achiam, Steven Adler, Sandhini Agarwal, Lama Ahmad, Ilge Akkaya, Florencia Leoni Aleman, Diogo Almeida, Janko Altenschmidt, Sam Altman, Shyamal Anadkat, et al. 2023. Gpt-4 technical report. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.08774 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Jinze Bai Shuai Bai Yunfei Chu Zeyu Cui Kai Dang Xiaodong Deng Yang Fan Wenbin Ge Yu Han Fei Huang et al. 2023. Qwen technical report. arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.16609 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2021.3079288"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2022.3216456"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWAENC53105.2022.9914739"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3625468.3652184"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Palm: Scaling language modeling with pathways","volume":"24","author":"Chowdhery Aakanksha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aakanksha Chowdhery, Sharan Narang, Jacob Devlin, Maarten Bosma, Gaurav Mishra, Adam Roberts, Paul Barham, Hyung Won Chung, Charles Sutton, Sebastian Gehrmann, et al. 2023. Palm: Scaling language modeling with pathways. Journal of Machine Learning Research 24, 240 (2023), 1--113.","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3542637.3542648"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Hugging Face. 2023. Hugging Face. https:\/\/huggingface.co\/. (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Joyce Fang Martin Ellis Bin Li Siyao Liu Yasaman Hosseinkashi Michael Revow Albert Sadovnikov Ziyuan Liu Peng Cheng Sachin Ashok et al. 2019. Reinforcement learning for bandwidth estimation and congestion control in real-time communications. arXiv preprint arXiv:1912.02222 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Blender Foundation. 2008. Big Buck Bunny. https:\/\/download.blender.org\/peach\/bigbuckbunny_movies\/. (2008). Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3651863.3651884"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Luca De Cicco, and Saverio Mascolo","author":"Holmer Stefan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stefan Holmer, Henrik Lundin, Gaetano Carlucci, Luca De Cicco, and Saverio Mascolo. 2016. A Google Congestion Control Algorithm for Real-Time Communication. Internet-Draft draft-ietf-rmcat-gcc-02. Internet Engineering Task Force. https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/draft-ietf-rmcat-gcc\/02\/ Work in Progress."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Lora: Low-rank adaptation of large language models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.09685","author":"Hu Edward J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Edward J Hu, Yelong Shen, Phillip Wallis, Zeyuan Allen-Zhu, Yuanzhi Li, Shean Wang, Lu Wang, and Weizhu Chen. 2021. Lora: Low-rank adaptation of large language models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.09685 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Large language models for networking: Applications, enabling techniques, and challenges","author":"Huang Yudong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yudong Huang, Hongyang Du, Xinyuan Zhang, Dusit Niyato, Jiawen Kang, Zehui Xiong, Shuo Wang, and Tao Huang. 2024. Large language models for networking: Applications, enabling techniques, and challenges. IEEE Network (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3625468.3653068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Ilya Kostrikov Ashvin Nair and Sergey Levine. 2021. Offline Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Q-Learning. (2021). arXiv:cs.LG\/2110.06169 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2110.06169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Qingyang Li Yihang Zhang Zhidong Jia Yannan Hu Lei Zhang Jianrong Zhang Yongming Xu Yong Cui Zongming Guo and Xinggong Zhang. 2024. DoLLM: How Large Language Models Understanding Network Flow Data to Detect Carpet Bombing DDoS. (2024). arXiv:cs.NI\/2405.07638 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2405.07638"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3625468.3652174"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM48880.2022.9796948"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"2nd Bandwidth Estimation Challenge at ACM MMSys","year":"2024","unstructured":"Microsoft. [n. d.]. 2nd Bandwidth Estimation Challenge at ACM MMSys 2024. ([n. d.]). https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/academic-program\/bandwidth-estimation-challenge\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2022. ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue. https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt\/. (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Marcos ROA Maximo, and Esther Luna Colombini","author":"Prudencio Rafael Figueiredo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rafael Figueiredo Prudencio, Marcos ROA Maximo, and Esther Luna Colombini. 2023. A survey on offline reinforcement learning: Taxonomy, review, and open problems. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Alec Radford Jeff Wu Rewon Child David Luan Dario Amodei and Ilya Sutskever. 2019. Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:160025533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer","volume":"21","author":"Raffel Colin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Colin Raffel, Noam Shazeer, Adam Roberts, Katherine Lee, Sharan Narang, Michael Matena, Yanqi Zhou, Wei Li, and Peter J Liu. 2020. Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer. Journal of machine learning research 21, 140 (2020), 1--67.","journal-title":"Journal of machine learning research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3625468.3652183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"CORL: Research-oriented deep offline reinforcement learning library. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36","author":"Tarasov Denis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Denis Tarasov, Alexander Nikulin, Dmitry Akimov, Vladislav Kurenkov, and Sergey Kolesnikov. 2024. CORL: Research-oriented deep offline reinforcement learning library. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Hugo Touvron Louis Martin Kevin Stone Peter Albert Amjad Almahairi Yasmine Babaei Nikolay Bashlykov Soumya Batra Prajjwal Bhargava Shruti Bhosale et al. 2023. Llama 2: Open foundation and fine-tuned chat models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.09288 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Comcast: Simulating shitty network connections so you can build better systems. https:\/\/github.com\/tylertreat\/Comcast.","author":"Treat Tyler","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tyler Treat. 2025. Comcast: Simulating shitty network connections so you can build better systems. https:\/\/github.com\/tylertreat\/Comcast. (2025). Version 1.0.1. Apache-2.0 License."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Attention is all you need. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Vaswani A","year":"2017","unstructured":"A Vaswani. 2017. Attention is all you need. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3458305.3479970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3651890.3672268"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CompComm.2018.8780962"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3447993.3483259"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Zixuan Zhou Xuefei Ning Ke Hong Tianyu Fu Jiaming Xu Shiyao Li Yuming Lou Luning Wang Zhihang Yuan Xiuhong Li et al. 2024. A survey on efficient inference for large language models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.14294 (2024)."}],"event":{"name":"MMSys '25: ACM Multimedia Systems Conference 2025","location":"Stellenbosch South Africa","acronym":"MMSys '25","sponsor":["SIGMM ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia","SIGCOMM ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication","SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 35th edition of the Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3712678.3721880","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3712678.3721880","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T19:16:46Z","timestamp":1756235806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3712678.3721880"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3712678.3721880","10.1145\/3712678"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3712678.3721880","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}