{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T16:27:56Z","timestamp":1783096076031,"version":"3.54.6"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":40,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","award":["NNF22OC0076877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF22OC0076877"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3715669.3726846","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T06:57:59Z","timestamp":1748069879000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reading the Readers Mind through Eye Tracking: Can AI Generated Texts Match Human Authors?"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0766-3531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaudhary Muhammad Aqdus","family":"Ilyas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Section for Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4466-8081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sifat-E","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5220-3609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashkan","family":"Tashk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Section for Cognitive Systems, Denmark Technical University, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3397-0527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart","family":"Cooreman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Visibility Design, Royal Danish Academy, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5699-2884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofie","family":"Beier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Danish Academy, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6720-1128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"B\u00e6kgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Section for Cognitive Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"Mihai-Valentin Andrei and Luz\u00a0Emma Pereira. 2024. Designing a Typography-Adaptive Reading Interface for Individuals with Central Vision Loss Design af en typografisk adaptiv l\u00e6se-gr\u00e6nseflade for personer med centralt synstab."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanya Bafna-Ruhrer Per Baekgaard and John\u00a0Paulin Hansen. 2022. Smooth-pursuit performance during Eye-typing from Memory indicates Mental Fatigue. Journal of Eye Movement Research 15 4 (2022) 2.","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.15.4.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_4_1","volume-title":"Reading letters: designing for legibility","author":"Beier Sofie","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sofie Beier. 2012. Reading letters: designing for legibility."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sofie Beier and Chiron\u00a0AT Oderkerk. 2019. Smaller visual angles show greater benefit of letter boldness than larger visual angles. Acta psychologica 199 (2019) 102904.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2019.102904"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3442188.3445922"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carl-Hugo Bj\u00f6rnsson. 1983. Readability of newspapers in 11 languages. Reading Research Quarterly (1983) 480\u2013497.","DOI":"10.2307\/747382"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_8_1","volume-title":"Movements of the Eyes","author":"Carpenter R.\u00a0H.","year":"1988","unstructured":"R.\u00a0H. Carpenter. 1988. Movements of the Eyes. Pion Limited, London, UK. Seller: Better World Books, Mishawaka, IN, U.S.A. 5-star rating. Used - Hardcover."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeevithashree Divya\u00a0Venkatesh Aparajita Jaiswal and Gaurav Nanda. 2024. Comparing human text classification performance and explainability with large language and machine learning models using eye-tracking. Scientific Reports 14 1 (2024) 14295.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65080-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maria\u00a0K Eckstein Bel\u00e9n Guerra-Carrillo Alison T\u00a0Miller Singley and Silvia\u00a0A Bunge. 2017. Beyond eye gaze: What else can eyetracking reveal about cognition and cognitive development?Developmental cognitive neuroscience 25 (2017) 69\u201391.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2016.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michael\u00a0C Frank Edward Vul and Scott\u00a0P Johnson. 2009. Development of infants\u2019 attention to faces during the first year. Cognition 110 2 (2009) 160\u2013170.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2008.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_12_1","unstructured":"Muhammad\u00a0Usman Hadi Rizwan Qureshi Abbas Shah Muhammad Irfan Anas Zafar Muhammad\u00a0Bilal Shaikh Naveed Akhtar Jia Wu Seyedali Mirjalili et\u00a0al. 2023. A survey on large language models: Applications challenges limitations and practical usage. Authorea Preprints (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"John\u00a0Paulin Hansen Diako Mardanbegi Florian Biermann and Per B\u00e6kgaard. 2018. A gaze interactive assembly instruction with pupillometric recording. Behavior research methods 50 (2018) 1723\u20131733.","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-018-1074-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3588015.3589666"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roy\u00a0S. Hessels Diederick\u00a0C. Niehorster Chantal Kemner and Ignace\u00a0T.C. Hooge. 2017. Noise-robust fixation detection in eye movement data: Identification by two-means clustering (I2MC). Behavior Research Methods 49 (10 2017) 1802\u20131823. Issue 5. 10.3758\/s13428-016-0822-1","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-016-0822-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_16_1","unstructured":"Jordan Hoffmann Sebastian Borgeaud Arthur Mensch Elena Buchatskaya Trevor Cai Eliza Rutherford Diego de\u00a0Las Casas Lisa\u00a0Anne Hendricks Johannes Welbl Aidan Clark et\u00a0al. 2022. Training compute-optimal large language models. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2203.15556 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_17_1","volume-title":"Eye tracking: A comprehensive guide to methods and measures","author":"Holmqvist Kenneth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kenneth Holmqvist, Marcus Nystr\u00f6m, Richard Andersson, Richard Dewhurst, Halszka Jarodzka, and Joost Van\u00a0de Weijer. 2011. Eye tracking: A comprehensive guide to methods and measures. oup Oxford."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_19_1","unstructured":"Fengfeng Ke Ruohan Liu Zlatko Sokolikj Ibrahim Dahlstrom-Hakki and Maya Israel. 2024. Using eye-tracking in education: review of empirical research and technology. Educational technology research and development (2024) 1\u201336."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_20_1","unstructured":"S\u00f8ren Kierkegaard. 2020. Encounters with Kierkegaard: A life as seen by his contemporaries. (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_21_1","unstructured":"Christian Kothe et\u00a0al. 2024. Lab Streaming Layer. https:\/\/github.com\/sccn\/labstreaminglayer Accessed: 2024-11-01."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christopher\u00a0D Manning. 2022. Human language understanding & reasoning. Daedalus 151 2 (2022) 127\u2013138.","DOI":"10.1162\/daed_a_01905"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"George\u00a0A Miller. 1956. The magical number seven plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.Psychological review 63 2 (1956) 81.","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katsumi Minakata and Sofie Beier. 2021. The effect of font width on eye movements during reading. Applied ergonomics 97 (2021) 103523.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2021.103523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uro\u0161 Nedeljkovi\u0107 and Nace Pu\u0161nik. 2020. You read best what you read most: An eye tracking study. Journal of Eye Movement Research 13 2 (2020).","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.13.2.9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_26_1","unstructured":"Sifat-E Noor. 2024. Unveiling Reading Patterns: Exploring the Impact of Writing Styles on Reading Behaviour through Eye Tracking Bestemmelse af l\u00e6sem\u00f8nstre: Udforskning virkningen af skrivestil p\u00e5 l\u00e6seadf\u00e6rd gennem \u00f8jensporing."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sebastian Pannasch Jens\u00a0R Helmert Katharina Roth Ann-Katrin Herbold and Henrik Walter. 2008. Visual fixation durations and saccade amplitudes: Shifting relationship in a variety of conditions. Journal of Eye Movement Research 2 2 (2008).","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.2.2.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_28_1","unstructured":"Lars Kristian\u00a0Burchard Refsgaard and Aamir\u00a0Ahmad Farooq. 2024. Reading The Reader: an intelligent system for optimizing typography for central vision loss readers Reading The Reader: et intelligent system til at optimere typografi for personer med centralt synstab."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_29_1","unstructured":"Helia Rela\u00f1o-Iborra and Per B\u00e6kgaard. 2020. PUPILS pipeline: A flexible Matlab toolbox for eyetracking and pupillometry data processing. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2011.05118 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abraham Savitzky and Marcel\u00a0JE Golay. 1964. Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least squares procedures.Analytical chemistry 36 8 (1964) 1627\u20131639.","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60214a047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarin Sok and Kimkong Heng. 2024. Opportunities challenges and strategies for using ChatGPT in higher education: A literature review. Journal of Digital Educational Technology 4 1 (2024) ep2401.","DOI":"10.30935\/jdet\/14027"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_3_3_32_1.1","unstructured":"Matthias Steffen. 1990. A simple method for monotonic interpolation in one dimension. Astronomy and Astrophysics Vol. 239 NO. NOV"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_3_3_32_1.2","unstructured":"(II) P. 443 1990 239 (1990) 443."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ieva Steponavi\u010di\u016bt\u0117. 2011. Texts at Play. The Ludic Aspect of Karen Blixen\u2019s Writings. Scandinavistica Vilnensis3 (2011) 1\u2013264.","DOI":"10.15388\/ScandinavisticaVilnensis.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"John Sweller. 1988. Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive science 12 2 (1988) 257\u2013285.","DOI":"10.1016\/0364-0213(88)90023-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ningzhi Tang Meng Chen Zheng Ning Aakash Bansal Yu Huang Collin McMillan and Toby Jia-Jun Li. 2024. A Study on Developer Behaviors for Validating and Repairing LLM-Generated Code Using Eye Tracking and IDE Actions. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2405.16081 (2024).","DOI":"10.1109\/VL\/HCC60511.2024.00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Myra Thiessen Sofie Beier and Hannah Keage. 2020. A review of the cognitive effects of disfluent typography on functional reading. The Design Journal 23 5 (2020) 797\u2013815.","DOI":"10.1080\/14606925.2020.1810434"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pieter\u00a0JA Unema Sebastian Pannasch Markus Joos and Boris\u00a0M Velichkovsky. 2005. Time course of information processing during scene perception: The relationship between saccade amplitude and fixation duration. Visual cognition 12 3 (2005) 473\u2013494.","DOI":"10.1080\/13506280444000409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_38_1","volume-title":"Hans Christian Andersen: The life of a storyteller","author":"Wullschlager Jackie","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jackie Wullschlager. 2002. Hans Christian Andersen: The life of a storyteller. University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_39_1","unstructured":"Sikai Yang and Gang Yan. 2024. See Where You Read with Eye Gaze Tracking and Large Language Model. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2409.19454 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_40_1","unstructured":"Rowan Zellers Ari Holtzman Hannah Rashkin Yonatan Bisk Ali Farhadi Franziska Roesner and Yejin Choi. 2019. Defending against neural fake news. Advances in neural information processing systems 32 (2019)."}],"event":{"name":"ETRA '25: 2025 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","location":"Tokyo Japan","acronym":"ETRA '25","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction","SIGGRAPH ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2025 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3715669.3726846","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:19:14Z","timestamp":1750295954000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3715669.3726846"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3715669.3726846","10.1145\/3715669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3715669.3726846","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}