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The existing approaches often fail to address the multifaceted needs of users, such as detailed insights into usage patterns, implementation nuances, and design rationale, as highlighted in the domain of source code summarization. Consequently, the necessity of multi-intent binary code summarization, an essential way to enhance the efficacy of reverse engineering processes, is underscored. To address this gap, our basic observation is that the two types of information essential for binary code summarization (i.e., the assembly code and pseudo code) can complement each other well. Specifically, the assembly code, characterized by its low-level nature, intricately delineates the execution logic, whereas the pseudo-code, operating at a higher level, retains valuable contextual information. Based on this insight, we propose\n                    <jats:sc>MiSUm<\/jats:sc>\n                    , a novel multi-modality heterogeneous code graph alignment and learning method to integrate information from both assembly code and pseudo code.\n                    <jats:sc>MiSUm<\/jats:sc>\n                    introduces a unified multi-modality heterogeneous code graph (MM-HCG) that achieves alignment between assembly code graph and pseudo code graph and carries low-level execution details and high-level structural information. To fuse the graph information, we propose multi-modality heterogeneous graph learning with heterogeneous mutual attention and message passing, which caters to important code blocks and discovers inter-dependencies between different forms of codes. We also propose an intent-aware summary generator with an intent-aware attention mechanism to produce customized summaries corresponding to multiple intents. Extensive experiments, including evaluations across various architectures and optimization levels, demonstrate that\n                    <jats:sc>MiSUm<\/jats:sc>\n                    outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in BLEU, METEOR, and ROUGE-L metrics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3715780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T11:15:34Z","timestamp":1750331734000},"page":"1339-1362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["MiSum: Multi-modality Heterogeneous Code Graph Learning for Multi-intent Binary Code Summarization"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3876-0665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kangchen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8906-5198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiliang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1469-2063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shangwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5365-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4255-0315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zixuan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9042-3448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingyue","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4204-7424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoguang","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Josh Achiam Steven Adler Sandhini Agarwal Lama Ahmad Ilge Akkaya Florencia Leoni Aleman Diogo Almeida Janko Altenschmidt Sam Altman Shyamal Anadkat et al. 2023. 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