{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T10:16:35Z","timestamp":1783851395087,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":50,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3717867.3717876","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T21:26:58Z","timestamp":1747690018000},"page":"379-390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Too Little, Too Late: Moderation of Misinformation around the Russo-Ukrainian Conflict"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6168-0132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gautam Kishore","family":"Shahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5560-4109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yelena","family":"Mejova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jes\u00fas\u00a0C Aguerri Mario Santisteban and Fernando Mir\u00f3-Llinares. 2024. The fight against disinformation and its consequences: Measuring the impact of \u201cRussia state-affiliated media\u201d on Twitter. Crime Science 13 1 (2024) 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40163-024-00215-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSIT56902.2022.10000515"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData55660.2022.10020223"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pablo Barber\u00e1 Ning Wang Richard Bonneau John\u00a0T Jost Jonathan Nagler Joshua Tucker and Sandra Gonz\u00e1lez-Bail\u00f3n. 2015. The critical periphery in the growth of social protests. PloS one 10 11 (2015) e0143611.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143611"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Kenneth\u00a0J Boyte. 2017. An analysis of the social-media technology tactics and narratives used to control perception in the propaganda war over Ukraine. Journal of Information Warfare 16 1 (2017) 88\u2013111."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Axel Bruns. 2006. Wikinews: The next generation of alternative online news? Scan (Sydney): journal of media arts culture 3 1 (2006) 1\u20135."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v17i1.22208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Crawford Angus and Smith Tony. 2024. Ukraine war: Investigation finds hundreds of fake charity websites. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-61079742. Online; accessed 05th September 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-28694-0_51"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2872518.2889302"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-5177-2_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Constance de Saint\u00a0Laurent Vlad\u00a0P Gl\u0103veanu and Ioana Literat. 2021. Internet memes as partial stories: Identifying political narratives in coronavirus memes. Social Media+ Society 7 1 (2021) 2056305121988932.","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305121988932"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_2","unstructured":"Jannatul Ferdush Joarder Kamruzzaman Gour Karmakar Iqbal Gondal and Raj Das. 2023. Detecting Fake News of Evolving Events using Machine Learning: Case of Russia-Ukraine War. (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/CyCon58705.2023.10181846"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dominique Geissler Dominik B\u00e4r Nicolas Pr\u00f6llochs and Stefan Feuerriegel. 2023. Russian propaganda on social media during the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. EPJ Data Science 12 1 (2023) 35.","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-023-00414-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v17i1.22211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anna Gibson. 2019. Free speech and safe spaces: How moderation policies shape online discussion spaces. Social Media+ Society 5 1 (2019) 2056305119832588.","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305119832588"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michael Hameleers Marina Tulin Claes De\u00a0Vreese Toril Aalberg Peter Van\u00a0Aelst Ana\u00a0Sofia Cardenal Nicoleta Corbu Patrick Van\u00a0Erkel Frank Esser Luisa Gehle et\u00a0al. 2023. Mistakenly misinformed or intentionally deceived? Mis-and Disinformation perceptions on the Russian War in Ukraine among citizens in 19 countries. European Journal of Political Research (2023).","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6765.12646"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v17i1.22150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shagun Jhaver Christian Boylston Diyi Yang and Amy Bruckman. 2021. Evaluating the effectiveness of deplatforming as a moderation strategy on Twitter. ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5 CSCW2 (2021) 1\u201330.","DOI":"10.1145\/3479525"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shagun Jhaver Alice\u00a0Qian Zhang Quan\u00a0Ze Chen Nikhila Natarajan Ruotong Wang and Amy\u00a0X Zhang. 2023. Personalizing content moderation on social media: User perspectives on moderation choices interface design and labor. ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 7 CSCW2 (2023) 1\u201333.","DOI":"10.1145\/3610080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_2","first-page":"559","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK)","author":"Khairova Nina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nina Khairova, Bogdan Ivasiuk, Fabrizio LO\u00a0SCUDO, Carmela Comito, Andrea Galassi, et\u00a0al. 2023. A First Attempt to Detect Misinformation in Russia-Ukraine War News through Text Similarity. In Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK). NOVA CLUNL, 559\u2013564."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_2","unstructured":"Krastev Ivan and Leonard Mark. 2024. Wars and elections: How European leaders can maintain public support for Ukraine. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-68819853. Online; accessed 05th September 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3543873.3587571"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cameron Lai Fujio Toriumi and Mitsuo Yoshida. 2024. A multilingual analysis of pro Russian misinformation on Twitter during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Scientific Reports 14 1 (2024) 10155.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-60653-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hause Lin Jana Lasser Stephan Lewandowsky Rocky Cole Andrew Gully David\u00a0G Rand and Gordon Pennycook. 2023. High level of correspondence across different news domain quality rating sets. PNAS nexus 2 9 (2023) pgad286.","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgad286"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darren\u00a0L Linvill and Patrick\u00a0L Warren. 2020. Troll factories: Manufacturing specialized disinformation on Twitter. Political Communication 37 4 (2020) 447\u2013467.","DOI":"10.1080\/10584609.2020.1718257"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Renkai Ma Yue You Xinning Gui and Yubo Kou. 2023. How Do Users Experience Moderation?: A Systematic Literature Review. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 7 CSCW2 (2023) 1\u201330.","DOI":"10.1145\/3610069"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3447535.3462494"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_2","unstructured":"Chloe Nurik. 2019. \u201cMen are scum\u201d: Self-regulation hate speech and gender-based censorship on Facebook. International Journal of Communication 13 (2019) 21."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giordano Paoletti Lorenzo Dall\u2019Amico Kyriaki Kalimeri Jacopo Lenti Yelena Mejova Daniela Paolotti Michele Starnini and Michele Tizzani. 2024. Political context of the European vaccine debate on Twitter. Scientific reports 14 1 (2024).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-54863-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Francesco Pierri Luca Luceri Emily Chen and Emilio Ferrara. 2023. How does Twitter account moderation work? Dynamics of account creation and suspension on Twitter during major geopolitical events. EPJ Data Science 12 1 (2023) 43.","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-023-00420-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3578503.3583597"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_2","first-page":"1093","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media","volume":"17","author":"Pohl Janina\u00a0Susanne","year":"2023","unstructured":"Janina\u00a0Susanne Pohl, Simon Markmann, Dennis Assenmacher, and Christian Grimme. 2023. Invasion@ Ukraine: providing and describing a twitter streaming dataset that captures the outbreak of war between Russia and Ukraine in 2022. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media , Vol.\u00a017. 1093\u20131101."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Florian Primig Hanna\u00a0Dorottya Szab\u00f3 and Pilar Lacasa. 2023. Remixing war: An analysis of the reimagination of the Russian\u2013Ukraine war on TikTok. Frontiers in Political Science 5 (2023) 1085149.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpos.2023.1085149"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_2","unstructured":"Jessica\u00a0Yarin Robinson. 2023. The Casual Observer: Low-Activity Twitter Users as Arbiters of (Mis) Information in the War in Ukraine. ESSACHESS-Journal for Communication Studies 16 31 (1) (2023) 115\u2013134."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_2","first-page":"223","volume-title":"European Conference on Social Media","volume":"10","author":"Ronzhyn Alexander","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alexander Ronzhyn, Ana\u00a0Sofia Cardenal, and Albert Batlle. 2023. Collective Action on Facebook and Telegram During the Russia\u2013Ukraine War. In European Conference on Social Media , Vol.\u00a010. 223\u2013230."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dietram\u00a0A Scheufele and David Tewksbury. 2007. Framing agenda setting and priming: The evolution of three media effects models. Journal of communication 57 1 (2007) 9\u201320.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0021-9916.2007.00326.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gautam\u00a0Kishore Shahi Anne Dirkson and Tim\u00a0A Majchrzak. 2021. An exploratory study of COVID-19 misinformation on Twitter. Online social networks and media 22 (2021) 100104.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.osnem.2020.100104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_2","first-page":"287","volume-title":"International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Applications","author":"Shahi Gautam\u00a0Kishore","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gautam\u00a0Kishore Shahi and Tim\u00a0A Majchrzak. 2021. Amused: an annotation framework of multimodal social media data. In International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Applications. Springer, 287\u2013299."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gautam\u00a0Kishore Shahi and Durgesh Nandini. 2020. FakeCovid\u2013A multilingual cross-domain fact check news dataset for COVID-19. (2020). 10.36190\/2020.14","DOI":"10.36190\/2020.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3717867.3717880"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Filipo Sharevski Alice Huff Peter Jachim and Emma Pieroni. 2022. (Mis) perceptions and engagement on Twitter: COVID-19 vaccine rumors on efficacy and mass immunization effort. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights 2 1 (2022) 100059.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjimei.2022.100059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_45_2","first-page":"11283","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)","author":"Toraman Cagri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cagri Toraman, Oguzhan Ozcelik, Furkan \u015eahinu\u00e7, and Fazli Can. 2024. MiDe22: An Annotated Multi-Event Tweet Dataset for Misinformation Detection. In Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024). 11283\u201311295."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_46_2","volume-title":"The Ukraine support tracker: Which countries help Ukraine and how?","author":"Trebesch Christoph","year":"2023","unstructured":"Christoph Trebesch, Arianna Antezza, Katelyn Bushnell, Andr\u00e9 Frank, Pascal Frank, Lukas Franz, Ivan Kharitonov, Bharath Kumar, Ekaterina Rebinskaya, and Stefan Schramm. 2023. The Ukraine support tracker: Which countries help Ukraine and how?Technical Report. KIEL working paper."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_47_2","volume-title":"On war: The works left behind by general Carl von Clausewitz. Vom kriege: Hinterlassenes werk des generals Carl von Clausewitz","author":"Von\u00a0Clausewitz Carl","year":"1883","unstructured":"Carl Von\u00a0Clausewitz and Wilhelm von Scherff. 1883. On war: The works left behind by general Carl von Clausewitz. Vom kriege: Hinterlassenes werk des generals Carl von Clausewitz. R. Wilhelmi."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i01.5460"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v15i1.18110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bei Zhao Wujiong Ren Yicheng Zhu and Hongzhong Zhang. 2024. Manufacturing conflict or advocating peace? A study of social bots agenda building in the Twitter discussion of the Russia-Ukraine war. Journal of Information Technology & Politics 21 2 (2024) 176\u2013194.","DOI":"10.1080\/19331681.2023.2189201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xinyi Zhou and Reza Zafarani. 2020. A survey of fake news: Fundamental theories detection methods and opportunities. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) 53 5 (2020) 1\u201340.","DOI":"10.1145\/3395046"}],"event":{"name":"Websci '25: 17th ACM Web Science Conference 2025","location":"New Brunswick NJ USA","acronym":"Websci '25","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 17th ACM Web Science Conference 2025"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3717867.3717876","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3717867.3717876","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T01:57:40Z","timestamp":1750298260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3717867.3717876"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3717867.3717876","10.1145\/3717867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3717867.3717876","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}