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With limited access to human coaches and interventions, there is a need for innovative technological solutions, including social robots, to extend and enhance mental health support and accessibility. In this article, we first outline a co-design study with five mental health professionals and a participatory design study with six university students, aiming to design a robotic mental well-being coach to help university students manage public speaking anxiety. Afterwards, we detail a user study with 50 university students to evaluate the usability and acceptability of the developed robotic mental well-being coach system. The findings showed that the robotic coach system, which includes the robot and a tablet, received a usability score of 84.05 and had high acceptability among participants who perceived the robot as knowledgeable and competent. Moreover, participants\u2019 self-reported moods significantly improved following the study. Overall, the qualitative and quantitative analyses in this study yield promising results regarding the potential use of robotic coaches to help university students manage their public speaking anxiety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3718084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T16:12:36Z","timestamp":1740413556000},"page":"1-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Co-Design and User Evaluation of a Robotic Mental Well-Being Coach to Support University Students\u2019 Public Speaking Anxiety"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8850-3195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samira","family":"Rasouli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5432-4236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moojan","family":"Ghafurian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9263-3897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerstin","family":"Dautenhahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5898\/JHRI.6.1.Admoni"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34584-5_9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","first-page":"683","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","author":"Alimardani Maryam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maryam Alimardani, Linda Kemmeren, Kazuki Okumura, and Kazuo Hiraki. 2020. 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