{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T15:47:20Z","timestamp":1774021640491,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":51,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,10]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3721238.3730667","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T08:40:47Z","timestamp":1753260047000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interactive Optimization of Scaffolded Procedural Patterns"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8042-7156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Sforza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7182-6342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzia","family":"Riso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy and INRIA, Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6523-0366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Muzzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5845-4991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Capodieci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4861-9809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Pellacini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897826.2927323"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahul Arora Ishan Darolia Vinay Namboodiri Karan Singh and Adrien Bousseau. 2017. SketchSoup: Exploratory Ideation Using Design Sketches. Computer Graphics Forum 36 (02 2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cgf.13081","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13081"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seok-Hyung Bae Ravin Balakrishnan and Karan Singh. 2008. ILoveSketch: as-natural-as-possible sketching system for creating 3d curve models(UIST \u201908). 151\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1449715.1449740","DOI":"10.1145\/1449715.1449740"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dan Cascaval Mira Shalah Phillip Quinn Rastislav Bodik Maneesh Agrawala and Adriana Schulz. 2021. Differentiable 3D CAD Programs for Bidirectional Editing.","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.14476"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chris De\u00a0Paoli and Karan Singh. 2015. SecondSkin: sketch-based construction of layered 3D models. ACM Trans. Graph. 34 4 Article 126 (jul 2015) 10\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2766948","DOI":"10.1145\/2766948"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathieu Gaillard Vojtech Krs Giorgio Gori Radom\u00edr Mech and Bedrich Benes. 2022. Automatic Differentiable Procedural Modeling. Computer Graphics Forum (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cgf.14475","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.14475"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lena Gieseke Paul Asente Radomir Mech Bedrich Benes and Martin Fuchs. 2021. A Survey of Control Mechanisms for Creative Pattern Generation. Computer Graphics Forum (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cgf.142658","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.142658"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1538674"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yulia Gryaditskaya Felix H\u00e4hnlein Chenxi Liu Alla Sheffer and Adrien Bousseau. 2020. Lifting freehand concept sketches into 3D. ACM Trans. Graph. 39 6 Article 167 (nov 2020) 16\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3414685.3417851","DOI":"10.1145\/3414685.3417851"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul Guerrero Milos Hasan Kalyan Sunkavalli Radomir Mech Tamy Boubekeur and Niloy Mitra. 2022. MatFormer: A Generative Model for Procedural Materials. ACM Trans. Graph. 41 4 Article 46 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3528223.3530173","DOI":"10.1145\/3528223.3530173"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu Guo Milo\u0161 Ha\u0161an Lingqi Yan and Shuang Zhao. 2020. A Bayesian Inference Framework for Procedural Material Parameter Estimation. Computer Graphics Forum 39 7 (2020).","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.14142"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Felix H\u00e4hnlein Changjian Li Niloy\u00a0J. Mitra and Adrien Bousseau. 2022. CAD2Sketch: Generating Concept Sketches from CAD Sequences. ACM Trans. Graph. 41 6 Article 279 (nov 2022) 18\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3550454.3555488","DOI":"10.1145\/3550454.3555488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3332165.3347925"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3023368.3023371"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yiwei Hu Julie Dorsey and Holly Rushmeier. 2019. A novel framework for inverse procedural texture modeling. ACM Trans. Graph. 38 6 Article 186 (nov 2019) 14\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3355089.3356516","DOI":"10.1145\/3355089.3356516"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3528233.3530733"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yiwei Hu Chengan He Valentin Deschaintre Julie Dorsey and Holly Rushmeier. 2022b. An Inverse Procedural Modeling Pipeline for SVBRDF Maps. ACM Trans. Graph. 41 2 Article 18 (jan 2022) 17\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3502431","DOI":"10.1145\/3502431"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haibin Huang Evangelos Kalogerakis Ersin Yumer and Radomir Mech. 2017. Shape Synthesis from Sketches via Procedural Models and Convolutional Networks. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 23 8 (2017) 2003\u20132013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2597830","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2597830"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/311535.311602"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Changjian Li Hao Pan Adrien Bousseau and Niloy\u00a0J. Mitra. 2022. Free2CAD: Parsing Freehand Drawings into CAD Commands. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 2022) 41 4 (2022) 93:1\u201393:16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3528223.3530133","DOI":"10.1145\/3528223.3530133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hugo Loi Thomas Hurtut Romain Vergne and Jo\u00eblle Thollot. 2017. Programmable 2D Arrangements for Element Texture Design. ACM Transactions on Graphics 36 3 (June 2017) Article No. 27. https:\/\/inria.hal.science\/hal-01520258","DOI":"10.1145\/2983617"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilda Manfredi Nicola Capece Ugo Erra and Monica Gruosso. 2023. TreeSketchNet: From Sketch to 3D Tree Parameters Generation. ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. 14 3 Article 41 (March 2023) 29\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3579831","DOI":"10.1145\/3579831"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elie Michel and Tamy Boubekeur. 2021. DAG Amendment for Inverse Control of Parametric Shapes. ACM Transactions on Graphics 40 4 (2021) 173:1\u2013173:14.","DOI":"10.1145\/3450626.3459823"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pascal M\u00fcller Gang Zeng Peter Wonka and Luc Van\u00a0Gool. 2007. Image-based procedural modeling of facades. ACM Trans. Graph. 26 (07 2007) 85. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1275808.1276484","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276484"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrew Nealen Takeo Igarashi Olga Sorkine and Marc Alexa. 2007. FiberMesh: designing freeform surfaces with 3D curves. ACM Trans. Graph. 26 3 (jul 2007) 41\u2013es. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1276377.1276429","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276429"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"John\u00a0A. Nelder and Roger Mead. 1965. A Simplex Method for Function Minimization. Comput. J. 7 (1965) 308\u2013313. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:2208295","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/7.4.308"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gen Nishida Adrien Bousseau and Daniel\u00a0G. Aliaga. 2018. Procedural Modeling of a Building from a Single Image. Computer Graphics Forum 37 (2018).","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13372"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gen Nishida Ignacio Garcia-Dorado and Daniel Aliaga. 2015. Example-Driven Procedural Urban Roads. Computer Graphics Forum 35 (09 2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cgf.12728","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12728"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gen Nishida Ignacio Garcia-Dorado Daniel\u00a0G. Aliaga Bedrich Benes and Adrien Bousseau. 2016. Interactive sketching of urban procedural models. ACM Trans. Graph. 35 4 Article 130 (jul 2016) 11\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2897824.2925951","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925951"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_1","volume-title":"cuBLAS, release 10.2","year":"1999","unstructured":"NVIDIA, P\u00e9ter Vingelmann, and Frank\u00a0H.P. Fitzek. 1999. cuBLAS, release 10.2. https:\/\/docs.nvidia.com\/cuda\/archive\/10.2\/cublas\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_1","volume-title":"CUDA, release: 12.4","year":"2024","unstructured":"NVIDIA, P\u00e9ter Vingelmann, and Frank\u00a0H.P. Fitzek. 2024. CUDA, release: 12.4. https:\/\/developer.nvidia.com\/cuda-toolkit"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luke Olsen Faramarz Samavati Mario Costa\u00a0Sousa and Joaquim Jorge. 2009. Technical Section: Sketch-based modeling: A survey. Computers and Graphics 33 (02 2009) 85\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cag.2008.09.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2008.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jong\u00a0Pil Park Kang\u00a0Hoon Lee and Jehee Lee. 2011. Finding Syntactic Structures from Human Motion Data. Computer Graphics Forum (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2011.01968.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2011.01968.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabio Pellacini. 2010. envyLight: an interface for editing natural illumination. ACM Trans. Graph. 29 4 Article 34 (jul 2010) 8\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1778765.1778771","DOI":"10.1145\/1778765.1778771"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabio Pellacini Frank Battaglia R.\u00a0Keith Morley and Adam Finkelstein. 2007. Lighting with paint. ACM Trans. Graph. 26 2 (2007) 9\u2013es. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1243980.1243983","DOI":"10.1145\/1243980.1243983"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabio Pellacini Parag Tole and Donald Greenberg. 2002. A user interface for interactive cinematic shadow design. ACM Trans. Graph. 21 (07 2002) 563\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/566570.566617","DOI":"10.1145\/566654.566617"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marzia Riso \u00c9lie Michel Axel Paris Valentin Deschaintre Mathieu Gaillard and Fabio Pellacini. 2024. Direct Manipulation of Procedural Implicit Surfaces. ACM Trans. Graph. 43 6 Article 238 (2024) 12\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3687936","DOI":"10.1145\/3687936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_1","volume-title":"Eurographics Symposium on Rendering","author":"Riso Marzia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marzia Riso and Fabio Pellacini. 2023. pEt: Direct Manipulation of Differentiable Vector Patterns. In Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, Tobias Ritschel and Andrea Weidlich (Eds.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2312\/sr.20231126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marzia Riso Davide Sforza and Fabio Pellacini. 2022. pOp: Parameter Optimization of Differentiable Vector Patterns. Computer Graphics Forum (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cgf.14595","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.14595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrick Schmidt Janis Born David Bommes Marcel Campen and Leif Kobbelt. 2022. TinyAD: Automatic Differentiation in Geometry Processing Made Simple. Computer Graphics Forum 41 5 (2022).","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.14607"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1274871.1274875"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan Schmidt Azam Khan Karan Singh and Gord Kurtenbach. 2009. Analytic drawing of 3D scaffolds. ACM Trans. Graph. 28 5 (dec 2009) 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1618452.1618495","DOI":"10.1145\/1618452.1618495"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang Shi Beichen Li Milo\u0161 Ha\u0161an Kalyan Sunkavalli Tamy Boubekeur Radomir Mech and Wojciech Matusik. 2020. Match: differentiable material graphs for procedural material capture. ACM Trans. Graph. 39 6 Article 196 (nov 2020) 15\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3414685.3417781","DOI":"10.1145\/3414685.3417781"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruben\u00a0M. Smelik Tim Tutenel Rafael Bidarra and Bedrich Benes. 2014. A Survey on Procedural Modelling for Virtual Worlds. Comput. Graph. Forum 33 6 (sep 2014) 31\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cgf.12276","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12276"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ondrej Stava Bedrich Benes Radomir Mech Daniel Aliaga and Peter Kristof. 2010. Inverse Procedural Modeling by Automatic Generation of L-systems. Computer Graphics Forum 29 (05 2010) 1467\u20138659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2009.01636.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2009.01636.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ondrej Stava S\u00f6ren Pirk Julian Kratt Baoquan Chen Radomir Mech Oliver Deussen and Bedrich Benes. 2014. Inverse Procedural Modelling of Trees. Computer Graphics Forum 33 (03 2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cgf.12282","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12282"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elena Trunz Jonathan Klein Jan M\u00fcller Lukas Bode Ralf Sarlette Michael Weinmann and Reinhard Klein. 2024. Neural inverse procedural modeling of knitting yarns from images. Computers & Graphics 118 (2024) 161\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cag.2023.12.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2023.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00883"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baoxuan Xu William Chang Alla Sheffer Adrien Bousseau James McCrae and Karan Singh. 2014. True2Form: 3D curve networks from 2D sketches via selective regularization. ACM Trans. Graph. 33 4 Article 131 (jul 2014) 13\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2601097.2601128","DOI":"10.1145\/2601097.2601128"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emilie Yu Rahul Arora J.\u00a0Andreas B\u00e6rentzen Karan Singh and Adrien Bousseau. 2022. Piecewise-smooth surface fitting onto unstructured 3D sketches. ACM Trans. Graph. 41 4 Article 88 (jul 2022) 16\u00a0pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3528223.3530100","DOI":"10.1145\/3528223.3530100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3472749.3474756"}],"event":{"name":"SIGGRAPH Conference Papers '25: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference Conference Papers","location":"Vancouver BC Canada","acronym":"SIGGRAPH Conference Papers '25","sponsor":["SIGGRAPH ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference Conference Papers"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3721238.3730667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:52:50Z","timestamp":1774018370000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3721238.3730667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3721238.3730667","10.1145\/3721238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3721238.3730667","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}