{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T07:57:38Z","timestamp":1776931058391,"version":"3.51.2"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":66,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3731459.3779041","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T13:35:51Z","timestamp":1772890551000},"page":"1-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Designing with Embodied Metaphors in XR for ADHD"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6757-666X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahya","family":"Tazike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Claire Advokat and Mindy Scheithauer. 2013. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) stimulant medications as cognitive enhancers. Frontiers in neuroscience 7 (2013) 82.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2013.00082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moyosore Ale Miriam Sturdee and Elisa Rubegni. 2022. A systematic survey on embodied cognition: 11 years of research in child\u2013computer interaction. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction 33 (2022) 100478.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcci.2022.100478"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A\u2019aeshah Alhakamy. 2024. Extended reality (XR) toward building immersive solutions: the key to unlocking industry 4.0. Comput. Surveys 56 9 (2024) 1\u201338.","DOI":"10.1145\/3652595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kevin\u00a0M Antshel Stephen\u00a0V Faraone and Michael Gordon. 2014. Cognitive behavioral treatment outcomes in adolescent ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders 18 6 (2014) 483\u2013495.","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054712443155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emily Balcetis and Shana Cole. 2009. Body in mind: the role of embodied cognition in self-regulation. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 3 5 (2009) 759\u2013774.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9004.2009.00197.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russell\u00a0A Barkley and Mary\u00a0Jo Poillion. 1994. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment. Behavioral disorders 19 2 (1994) 150\u2013152.","DOI":"10.1177\/019874299401900205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawrence\u00a0W Barsalou. 2008. Grounded cognition. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 59 1 (2008) 617\u2013645.","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.59.103006.093639"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706599.3720300"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3174167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferr\u00e1n Catal\u00e1-L\u00f3pez Brian Hutton Amparo N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Beltr\u00e1n Matthew\u00a0J Page Manuel Ridao Diego Mac\u00edas Saint-Gerons Miguel\u00a0A Catal\u00e1 Rafael Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos and David Moher. 2017. The pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review with network meta-analyses of randomised trials. PloS one 12 7 (2017) e0180355.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180355"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022. Data and Statistics About ADHD. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/adhd\/data\/index.html Accessed: 2025-06-22."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544549.3585805"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul\u00a0G Clifton Jack Shen-Kuen Chang Georgina Yeboah Alison Doucette Sanjay Chandrasekharan Michael Nitsche Timothy Welsh and Ali Mazalek. 2016. Design of embodied interfaces for engaging spatial cognition. Cognitive research: principles and implications 1 1 (2016) 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s41235-016-0032-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3663548.3687134"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niamh Corrigan Costina-Ruxandra P\u0103s\u0103relu and Alexandra Voinescu. 2023. Immersive virtual reality for improving cognitive deficits in children with ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Virtual Reality 27 4 (2023) 3545\u20133564.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-023-00768-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franco De\u00a0Crescenzo Samuele Cortese Nicoletta Adamo and Luigi Janiri. 2017. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of adults with ADHD: a meta-review. Evidence based mental Health 20 1 (2017).","DOI":"10.1136\/eb-2016-102415"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7221.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3597638.3608400"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anna Ek and Gunilla Isaksson. 2013. How adults with ADHD get engaged in and perform everyday activities. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy 20 4 (2013) 282\u2013291.","DOI":"10.3109\/11038128.2013.799226"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613905.3651036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544549.3585769"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3694907.3765950"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adina Friedman Mahya Tazike Esen Gokpinar\u00a0Shelton Nachiketa Patel A\u2019aeshah Alhakamy and Francesco Cafaro. 2025. \u201cI\u2019m a Fish!\u201d: Exploring Children\u2019s Engagement with Human\u2013Data Interactions in Museums. Applied Sciences 15 21 (2025) 11304. 10.3390\/app152111304","DOI":"10.3390\/app152111304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elia Gabarron Kerstin Denecke and Guillermo Lopez-Campos. 2025. Evaluating the evidence: a systematic review of reviews of the effectiveness and safety of digital interventions for ADHD. BMC psychiatry 25 1 (2025) 414.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-06825-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul Hodgkins Monica Shaw David Coghill and Lily Hechtman. 2012. Amfetamine and methylphenidate medications for attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: complementary treatment options. European child & adolescent psychiatry 21 9 (2012) 477\u2013492.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-012-0286-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1124772.1124838"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1226969.1226996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rakesh Jain Saundra Jain and C\u00a0Brendan Montano. 2017. Addressing diagnosis and treatment gaps in adults with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 19 5 (2017) 17nr02153.","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.17nr02153"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_30_2","volume-title":"Metaphors we live by","author":"Johnson Mark","year":"1980","unstructured":"Mark Johnson and George Lakoff. 1980. Metaphors we live by. Vol.\u00a01. University of Chicago press Chicago."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-35822-7_33"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Philip\u00a0C Kendall. 1993. Cognitive-behavioral therapies with youth: guiding theory current status and emerging developments.Journal of Consulting and clinical psychology 61 2 (1993) 235.","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.61.2.235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laura\u00a0E Knouse and Andrew\u00a0P Fleming. 2016. Applying cognitive-behavioral therapy for ADHD to emerging adults. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 23 3 (2016) 300\u2013315.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2016.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vivienne Lawrence Stephen Houghton Graham Douglas Kevin Durkin Ken Whiting and Rosemary Tannock. 2004. Executive function and ADHD: A comparison of children\u2019s performance during neuropsychological testing and real-world activities. Journal of attention disorders 7 3 (2004) 137\u2013149.","DOI":"10.1177\/108705470400700302"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serim Lee Jiyoung Yoon Yeonjee Cho and JongSerl Chun. 2023. Systematic review of extended reality digital therapy for enhancing mental health among South Korean adolescents and young adults. Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 34 4 (2023) 204.","DOI":"10.5765\/jkacap.230046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serena Lee-Cultura and Michail Giannakos. 2020. Embodied interaction and spatial skills: A systematic review of empirical studies. Interacting with Computers 32 4 (2020) 331\u2013366.","DOI":"10.1093\/iwcomp\/iwaa023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b22404-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173225.3173291"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Victoria\u00a0A Nazarova Aleksandr\u00a0V Sokolov Vladimir\u00a0N Chubarev Vadim\u00a0V Tarasov and Helgi\u00a0B Schi\u00f6th. 2022. Treatment of ADHD: Drugs psychological therapies devices complementary and alternative methods as well as the trends in clinical trials. Frontiers in pharmacology 13 (2022) 1066988.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1066988"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soohwan Oh Yoo-Sook Joung Tai-Myoung Chung Junho Lee Bum\u00a0Joon Seok Namuk Kim and Ha\u00a0Min Son. 2024. Diagnosis of ADHD using virtual reality and artificial intelligence: an exploratory study of clinical applications. Frontiers in Psychiatry 15 (2024) 1383547.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1383547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olatunji\u00a0Mumini Omisore Ifeanyi Odenigbo Joseph Orji Amelia Itzel\u00a0Hernandez Beltran Sandra Meier Nilufar Baghaei and Rita Orji. 2024. Extended Reality for Mental Health Evaluation: Scoping Review. JMIR Serious Games 12 (2024) e38413.","DOI":"10.2196\/38413"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patricia Pons Samuel Navas-Medrano and Jose\u00a0L Soler-Dominguez. 2022. Extended reality for mental health: Current trends and future challenges. Frontiers in Computer Science 4 (2022) 1034307.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomp.2022.1034307"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_43_2","unstructured":"PsyTechVR. 2025. PsyTechVR: Mental Health and Cognitive Training in Virtual Reality. https:\/\/psytechvr.com\/. Accessed: October 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adnan Rajeh Shabbir Amanullah K Shivakumar and Julie Cole. 2017. Interventions in ADHD: A comparative review of stimulant medications and behavioral therapies. Asian journal of psychiatry 25 (2017) 131\u2013135.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2016.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025723"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3524273.3533928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steven\u00a0A Safren Michael\u00a0W Otto Susan Sprich Carol\u00a0L Winett Timothy\u00a0E Wilens and Joseph Biederman. 2005. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for ADHD in medication-treated adults with continued symptoms. Behaviour research and therapy 43 7 (2005) 831\u2013842.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3623509.3633349"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642123"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3430524.3440651"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2839462.2839495"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Susan\u00a0E Sprich Steven\u00a0A Safren Daniel Finkelstein Jocelyn\u00a0E Remmert and Paul Hammerness. 2016. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for ADHD in medication-treated adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 57 11 (2016) 1218\u20131226.","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12549"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3663547.3759712"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_55_2","unstructured":"TRIPP Inc.2025. TRIPP: XR wellness platform. https:\/\/www.tripp.com\/. Accessed: October 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2540930.2540934"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2839462.2839498"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3658852.3659077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benedetto Vitiello. 2001. Long-term effects of stimulant medications on the brain: possible relevance to the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 11 1 (2001) 25\u201334.","DOI":"10.1089\/104454601750143384"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katherine Wang Simon\u00a0J Julier and Youngjun Cho. 2022. Attention-based applications in extended reality to support autistic users: A systematic review. IEEE Access 10 (2022) 15574\u201315593.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3147726"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X\u00a0Christine Wang Grace\u00a0Yaxin Xing and Virginia\u00a0J Flood. 2025. Embodied and Shared Self-Regulation Through Computational Thinking Among Preschoolers. Education Sciences 15 10 (2025) 1346.","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci15101346"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ka\u00a0Po Wong and Jing Qin. 2023. Effectiveness of social virtual reality training in enhancing social interaction skills in children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: protocol for a three-arm pilot randomized controlled trial. JMIR research protocols 12 1 (2023) e48208.","DOI":"10.2196\/48208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_64_2","unstructured":"XRHealth USA Inc.2025. XRHealth: Extended Reality Telehealth Platform. https:\/\/www.xr.health\/. Accessed: October 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xinyue Yang Lin Zhang Jing Yu and Meng Wang. 2025. Short-term and long-term effect of non-pharmacotherapy for adults with ADHD: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Frontiers in psychiatry 16 (2025) 1516878.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1516878"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3517428.3544829"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_67_2","unstructured":"Shizhen Zhang Shengxin Li and Quan Li. 2025. Understood: Real-Time Communication Support for Adults with ADHD Using Mixed Reality. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2507.18151 (2025)."}],"event":{"name":"TEI '26: Twentieth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction","location":"Chicago IL USA","acronym":"TEI '26","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3731459.3779041","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:41:00Z","timestamp":1773758460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3731459.3779041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3731459.3779041","10.1145\/3731459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3731459.3779041","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}