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Another issue is the lack of child biometric databases, as a periodic recollection of images is a fundamental part of neonatal identification regarding the feasibility evaluation of temporal recognition. Several works can be found in the literature addressing some of these issues. However, there is still no systematic review allowing a general understanding of these solutions, discussing their links, gaps, comparisons, and open challenges. In this sense, this article presents a systematic literature review on neonatal biometrics. In total, 1,878 papers were screened and classified, resulting in 45 being selected to be analyzed in this study. We detail and compare the results of datasets, scanners, methods, and techniques to achieve and improve neonatal recognition. Finally, research trends are identified and discussed based on the main gaps in the literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3735551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T04:38:44Z","timestamp":1746851924000},"page":"1-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Systematic Literature Review on Neonatal Fingerprint Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2420-4094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Fernando Puttow","family":"Southier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Technology - Parana","place":["Pato Branco, Brazil"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6112-6477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Alexandre Tuchlinowicz","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Technology - Parana","place":["Pato Branco, Brazil"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8381-5670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Henrique Pereira","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Technology - 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