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The author served as the model for this digital human and practiced kendo alone in mixed reality using the developed application. This experience of engaging with oneself, the sword, and \u201cqi\u201d has been shared through autoethnography. We hope this documentation contributes to personal growth and the enrichment of spiritual culture in society.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3736776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T12:12:03Z","timestamp":1752667923000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Discipline Together with the Self in Kendo: Exploring \"Qi\" through Mixed Reality and Autoethnography"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4862-5547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Furuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]},{"name":"University of Tsukuba","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6524-3105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Center for Digital Nature","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]},{"name":"University of Tsukuba","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3944-0014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuki","family":"Fushimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Center for Digital Nature","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]},{"name":"University of Tsukuba","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4690-5724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Ochiai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Center for Digital Nature","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]},{"name":"University of Tsukuba","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1111\/phc3.12738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/5220\/0012189000003587"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","unstructured":"All Japan\u00a0Kendo Federation. 2021. English Translation of AJKF \u201cKendo Shiai Shinpan Unei-Yoryo no Tebiki\u201d ver.3 (March 14 2007). https:\/\/www.kendo.or.jp\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Handbook_for_Kendo_Shiai_and_Shinpan_Management.pdf (reference 2024-12-30)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1371\/journal.pone.0240180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yuki Saigo Sho Yokota Akihiro Matsumoto Daisuke Chugo Satoshi Muramatsu and Hiroshi Hashimoto. 2023. Development of Kendo Motion Prediction System for VR Kendo Training System. 532\u2013539. 10.1145\/5220\/0012233000003595","DOI":"10.1145\/5220\/0012233000003595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/22259\/2642-8466.0101002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ooboki Teruo. 2010. The property of Budo : From the viewpoint of ki(in Japanese). 21-29\u00a0pages. 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