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However, academia has neglected classifying published studies on EEG microstate analysis related to SE. Hence, a careful understanding of state-of-the-art studies remains limited and inconclusive. This article aims at classifying studies on the EEG microstate analysis in cognitive SE tasks. We conducted a systematic mapping study following well-established guidelines to answer ten research questions. After careful filtering, 54 primary studies (out of 1.545) were selected from 8 electronic databases. The main results are that most primary studies focus on revealing brain dynamics, exploring a wide range of EEG microstate application contexts and experimental tasks, running empirical studies in a controlled environment, using\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K<\/jats:italic>\n            -means as a clustering method, applying ICA-based strategy to filter artifacts, such as muscle activity and eye blinks. However, No study has applied EEG microstate analysis to SE, highlighting a significant gap and the need for further research. Finally, this article presents a classification taxonomy and identifies critical challenges and future research directions.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3742899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T07:29:56Z","timestamp":1748935796000},"page":"1-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Investigating EEG Microstate Analysis in Cognitive Software Engineering Tasks: A Systematic Mapping Study and Taxonomy"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7724-5960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willian","family":"Bolzan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Santa Catarina","place":["Florianopolis, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1891-3580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kleinner","family":"Farias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Computing Graduate Program (PPGCA), University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos","place":["S\u00e3o Leopoldo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-010-9152-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11831-021-09684-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2816839.2816913"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/17440080910983556"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-010-9130-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2024.108266"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3021460.3021489"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ColComCon.2016.7516380"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2020.105922"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROIMAGE.2010.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240714"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-023-00999-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.988939"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00369"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-sen.2018.5334"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","unstructured":"Emotiv. 2025. 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