{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:14:03Z","timestamp":1780060443482,"version":"3.54.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":47,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR)","award":["C21\/IS\/16344458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C21\/IS\/16344458"]}]},{"name":"Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR)","award":["C23\/IS\/18154263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C23\/IS\/18154263"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3745756.3809191","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:52:21Z","timestamp":1780059141000},"page":"83-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["GeoTwins: Uncovering Hidden Geographic Disparities in Android Apps"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5963-4599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Alecci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxemnourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7864-3570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Jes\u00fas Ruiz","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6052-6184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan","family":"Samhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7270-9869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tegawend\u00e9 F.","family":"Bissyand\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4052-475X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacques","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mining Software Repositories. 389\u2013393","author":"Alecci Marco","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marco Alecci, Pedro Jes\u00fas Ruiz Jim\u00e9nez, Kevin Allix, Tegawend\u00e9 F Bissyand\u00e9, and Jacques Klein. 2024. AndroZoo: A Retrospective with a Glimpse into the Future. In Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mining Software Repositories. 389\u2013393."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"AlgoAce. 2024. The Importance of Cultural Localization: How Top-Rated Mobile App Development Agencies Adapt for Global Markets. https:\/\/algoace.com"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2901739.2903508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Androguard. [n. d.]. Androguard: A reverse engineering tool for Android applications. https:\/\/github.com\/androguard\/androguard. Accessed: 2025-05-15."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Android Developers. [n. d.]. Guide to Android App Bundles. https:\/\/developer.android.com\/guide\/app-bundle. Accessed: 2025-05-15."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Android Developers. 2024. Manifest.permission | Android Developers. https:\/\/developer.android.com\/reference\/android\/Manifest.permission Accessed: 2025-05-27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Android Developers. n.d.. UI\/Application Exerciser Monkey. https:\/\/developer.android.com\/studio\/test\/other-testing-tools\/monkey."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"ApkTool. [n. d.]. ApkTool: A tool for reverse engineering Android APK files. https:\/\/ibotpeaches.github.io\/Apktool\/. Accessed: 2025-05-15."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Appknox. [n. d.]. googleplay-api. https:\/\/github.com\/appknox\/googleplay-api. Accessed: 2025-05-27."},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"2018","article-title":"Lei Geral de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o de Dados Pessoais (LGPD)","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brasil. 2018. Lei Geral de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o de Dados Pessoais (LGPD), Lei No. 13.709\/2018. https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2015-2018\/2018\/lei\/L13709.htm.","journal-title":"Lei"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"205395172513828","article-title":"Using archival versions of apps to understand emerging digital ecosystems","volume":"12","author":"Burroughs James","year":"2025","unstructured":"James Burroughs, Ashwin Mathew, and Elisa Oreglia. 2025. Using archival versions of apps to understand emerging digital ecosystems. Big Data & Society 12, 4 (2025), 20539517251382825.","journal-title":"Big Data & Society"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 7th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems. 31\u201335","author":"Cai Haipeng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haipeng Cai. 2020. Embracing mobile app evolution via continuous ecosystem mining and characterization. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 7th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems. 31\u201335."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2020.2975176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference. 362\u2013372","author":"Chen Lingwei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lingwei Chen, Shifu Hou, and Yanfang Ye. 2017. Securedroid: Enhancing security of machine learning-based detection against adversarial android malware attacks. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference. 362\u2013372."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2019.2932228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1967.1053964"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"DeepL. [n. d.]. DeepL Pro API: Advanced Translation for Developers. https:\/\/www.deepl.com\/en\/pro-api. Accessed: 2025-05-15."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Estados Unidos Mexicanos. 2010. Ley Federal de Protecci\u00f3n de Datos Personales en Posesi\u00f3n de los Particulares. https:\/\/www.diputados.gob.mx\/LeyesBiblio\/pdf\/LFPDPPP.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"European Commission. [n. d.]. Data Protection. https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/law\/law-topic\/data-protection_en. Accessed: 2025-05-28."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TR.2019.2956690"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"google-play-scraper. [n. d.]. google-play-scraper. https:\/\/pypi.org\/project\/google-play-scraper\/. Accessed: 2025-05-27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Code Speaks Louder: Exploring Security and Privacy Relevant Regional Variations in Mobile Applications. In 2025 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE Computer Society, 3952\u20133970","author":"Guo Jiawei","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jiawei Guo, Yu Nong, Zhiqiang Lin, and Haipeng Cai. 2025. Code Speaks Louder: Exploring Security and Privacy Relevant Regional Variations in Mobile Applications. In 2025 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE Computer Society, 3952\u20133970."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Error detecting and error correcting codes. The Bell system technical journal 29, 2","author":"Hamming Richard W","year":"1950","unstructured":"Richard W Hamming. 1950. Error detecting and error correcting codes. The Bell system technical journal 29, 2 (1950), 147\u2013160."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","first-page":"547","article-title":"\u00c9tude comparative de la distribution florale dans une portion des Alpes et des Jura","volume":"37","author":"Jaccard Paul","year":"1901","unstructured":"Paul Jaccard. 1901. \u00c9tude comparative de la distribution florale dans une portion des Alpes et des Jura. Bull Soc Vaudoise Sci Nat 37 (1901), 547\u2013579.","journal-title":"Bull Soc Vaudoise Sci Nat"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","unstructured":"Dmitry Kravtsov. 2019. Region-specific Design. https:\/\/belitsoft.com\/design-for-different-regions Accessed: 2025-05-27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"Neal Krawetz. 2013. Kind of Like That. https:\/\/www.hackerfactor.com\/blog\/?\/archives\/529-Kind-of-Like-That.html. accessed: 2025-05-30."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22)","author":"Kumar Renuka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Renuka Kumar, Apurva Virkud, Ram Sundara Raman, Atul Prakash, and Roya Ensafi. 2022. A large-scale investigation into geodifferences in mobile apps. In 31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22). 1203\u20131220."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Vladimir I Levenshtein et al. 1966. Binary codes capable of correcting deletions insertions and reversals. In Soviet physics doklady Vol. 10. Soviet Union 707\u2013710."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smr.1855"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Simidroid: Identifying and explaining similarities in android apps. In 2017 IEEE Trustcom\/BigDataSE\/ICESS","author":"Li Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li Li, Tegawend\u00e9 F Bissyand\u00e9, and Jacques Klein. 2017. Simidroid: Identifying and explaining similarities in android apps. In 2017 IEEE Trustcom\/BigDataSE\/ICESS. IEEE, 136\u2013143. 13","journal-title":"IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Finding spatiotemporal patterns of mobile application usage","author":"Li Tong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tong Li, Yong Li, Tong Xia, and Pan Hui. 2021. Finding spatiotemporal patterns of mobile application usage. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"2021 IEEE\/ACM 18th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR). IEEE, 570\u2013574","author":"Li Wen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wen Li, Xiaoqin Fu, and Haipeng Cai. 2021. Androct: ten years of app call traces in android. In 2021 IEEE\/ACM 18th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR). IEEE, 570\u2013574."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSM.2013.18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Nippon.com. 2025. Line and YouTube Most Popular Social Media in Japan. https:\/\/www.nippon.com\/en\/japan-data\/h02384\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"OpenAI. [n. d.]. text-embedding-3-small: OpenAI Embedding Model Documentation. https:\/\/platform.openai.com\/docs\/models\/text-embedding-3-small. Accessed: 2025-05-15."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. 1\u201312","author":"Peltonen Ella","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ella Peltonen, Eemil Lagerspetz, Jonatan Hamberg, Abhinav Mehrotra, Mirco Musolesi, Petteri Nurmi, and Sasu Tarkoma. 2018. The hidden image of mobile apps: geographic, demographic, and cultural factors in mobile usage. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. 1\u201312."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"28th USENIX security symposium (USENIX Security 19). 729\u2013746.","author":"Pendlebury Feargus","unstructured":"Feargus Pendlebury, Fabio Pierazzi, Roberto Jordaney, Johannes Kinder, and Lorenzo Cavallaro. 2019. {TESSERACT}: Eliminating experimental bias in malware classification across space and time. In 28th USENIX security symposium (USENIX Security 19). 729\u2013746."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Exploring the Effect of Social Media and Group Chat Use on Social Isolation Among the Older Adults","volume":"10","author":"Sekikawa Yohei","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yohei Sekikawa, Masafumi Kunishige, Taichi Hitomi, and Kazumi Kikuchi. 2025. Exploring the Effect of Social Media and Group Chat Use on Social Isolation Among the Older Adults: A Study in Urban Japan. Geriatrics 10, 5 (2025), 131.","journal-title":"A Study in Urban Japan. Geriatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Matching health information seekers' queries to medical terms. BMC bioinformatics 13","author":"Soualmia Lina F","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lina F Soualmia, Elise Prieur-Gaston, Zied Moalla, Thierry Lecroq, and St\u00e9fan J Darmoni. 2012. Matching health information seekers' queries to medical terms. BMC bioinformatics 13 (2012), 1\u201315."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"der Maaten Laurens Van","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laurens Van der Maaten and Geoffrey Hinton. 2008. Visualizing data using t-SNE. Journal of machine learning research 9, 11 (2008).","journal-title":"Journal of machine learning research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","unstructured":"Vultr. [n. d.]. Vultr: Cloud Hosting Made Simple. https:\/\/www.vultr.com\/. Accessed: 2025-05-27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mining Software Repositories. 322\u2013334","author":"Wang Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Wang, Conghui Zheng, Haoyu Wang, Xiapu Luo, Gareth Tyson, Yi Wang, and Shangguang Wang. 2024. Global Prosperity or Local Monopoly? Understanding the Geography of App Popularity. In Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mining Software Repositories. 322\u2013334."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2420950.2420956"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"BMC genomics","author":"Yamaguchi Atsuko","unstructured":"Atsuko Yamaguchi, Yasunori Yamamoto, Jin-Dong Kim, Toshihisa Takagi, and Akinori Yonezawa. 2012. Discriminative application of string similarity methods to chemical and non-chemical names for biomedical abbreviation clustering. In BMC genomics, Vol. 13. Springer, 1\u201310."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3644523.3644587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2501553.2501554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"A novel video copyright protection scheme based on blockchain and double watermarking. Security and communication networks","author":"Zheng Jingjing","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jingjing Zheng, Shuhua Teng, Peirong Li, Wei Ou, Donghao Zhou, and Jun Ye. 2021. A novel video copyright protection scheme based on blockchain and double watermarking. Security and communication networks 2021, 1 (2021), 6493306."}],"event":{"name":"MobiSys '26: 24th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services","location":"University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom","acronym":"MobiSys '26","sponsor":["SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing","SIGOPS ACM Special Interest Group on Operating Systems"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:55:58Z","timestamp":1780059358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3745756.3809191"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3745756.3809191","10.1145\/3745756"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3745756.3809191","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}