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Historical cyberattacks underscore the urgency for enhanced security operations. In this context, digital twins represent a novel approach to cybersecurity. Industry and academic research are increasingly exploring their potential to protect their assets. Despite growing interest and applications, more comprehensive research synthesis needs to be done, particularly in security operations based on digital twins. Our article aims to fill this gap through a structured literature review aggregating knowledge from 201 publications. We focus on defining the digital twin in cybersecurity, exploring its applications, and outlining implementations and challenges. To maintain transparency, our data is documented and is publicly available. This survey serves as a crucial guide for academic and industry stakeholders, fostering digital twins in security operations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3746279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T07:15:58Z","timestamp":1751354158000},"page":"1-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Digital Twins in Security Operations: State of the Art and Future Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7616-5931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Empl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Information Systems, University of Regensburg","place":["Regensburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1131-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Privacy and Compliance, University of the Bundeswehr Munich","place":["M\u00fcnchen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6885-4622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marietheres","family":"Dietz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Information Systems, University of Regensburg","place":["Regensburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1338-9003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Pernul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Information Systems, University of Regensburg","place":["Regensburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2020 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM)","author":"Akbarian Fatemeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fatemeh Akbarian, Emma Fitzgerald, and Maria Kihl. 2020. 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