{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:41:11Z","timestamp":1770748871518,"version":"3.50.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":40,"publisher":"ACM","funder":[{"name":"SERMAS (Socially-acceptable eXtended Reality Models and Systems) and Innovate UK","award":["101070351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101070351"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3750069.3750317","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T15:34:55Z","timestamp":1760456095000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluating Social Acceptance of eXtended Reality (XR) Agent Technology: A User Study"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9380-6916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megha","family":"Quamara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London, London, United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4308-1352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Schmuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London, London, United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7220-6337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Iani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9178-8444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Axel","family":"Primavesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsche Welle, Berlin, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4454-7529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Plaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsche Welle, Bonn, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9916-271X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Vigan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London, London, United Kingdom"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mariano Alca\u00f1iz Elena Parra and Irene\u00a0Alice Chicchi\u00a0Giglioli. 2018. Virtual reality as an emerging methodology for leadership assessment and training. Frontiers in Psychology 9 (2018) 1658.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.01658"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Namho Chung Heejeong Han and Youhee Joun. 2015. Tourists\u2019 intention to visit a destination: The role of augmented reality (AR) application for a heritage site. Computers in human behavior 50 (2015) 588\u2013599.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.02.068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vernon\u00a0R Curran and Ann Hollett. 2024. The use of extended reality (XR) in patient education: A critical perspective. Health Education Journal 83 4 (2024) 338\u2013351.","DOI":"10.1177\/00178969231198955"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chih-Pu Dai Fengfeng Ke Yanjun Pan Jewoong Moon and Zhichun Liu. 2024. Effects of artificial intelligence-powered virtual agents on learning outcomes in computer-based simulations: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review 36 1 (2024) 31.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-024-09855-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Fred\u00a0D Davis. 1985. A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems: Theory and results. Ph.\u00a0D. Dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3174186"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mustafa Fidan and Meric Tuncel. 2019. Integrating augmented reality into problem based learning: The effects on learning achievement and attitude in physics education. Computers & Education 142 (2019) 103635.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.103635"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2024.1416307"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oddgeir Friborg Monica Martinussen and Jan\u00a0H Rosenvinge. 2006. Likert-based vs. semantic differential-based scorings of positive psychological constructs: A psychometric comparison of two versions of a scale measuring resilience. Personality and Individual differences 40 5 (2006) 873\u2013884.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2005.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wenyi Gan Tsz-Ngai Mok Junyuan Chen Guorong She Zhengang Zha Huajun Wang Hua Li Jieruo Li and Xiaofei Zheng. 2023. Researching the application of virtual reality in medical education: one-year follow-up of a randomized trial. BMC Medical Education 23 1 (2023) 3.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-022-03992-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David Harborth and Sebastian Pape. 2021. Investigating privacy concerns related to mobile augmented reality Apps\u2013A vignette based online experiment. Computers in Human Behavior 122 (2021) 106833.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106833"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcel Heerink Ben Kr\u00f6se Vanessa Evers and Bob Wielinga. 2010. Assessing acceptance of assistive social agent technology by older adults: the almere model.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-010-0068-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gretchen Hoak. 2025. Virtually Prepared: Using Virtual Reality to Build Trauma Awareness and Resilience in Journalism Students. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator OnlineFirst (2025) 10776958241312967.","DOI":"10.1177\/10776958241312967"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaehong Jang Yujung Ko Won\u00a0Sug Shin and Insook Han. 2021. Augmented reality and virtual reality for learning: An examination using an extended technology acceptance model. IEEE access 9 (2021) 6798\u20136809.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3048708"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642631"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shishir Khanal Uma\u00a0Shankar Medasetti Mustafa Mashal Bruce Savage and Rajiv Khadka. 2022. Virtual and augmented reality in the disaster management technology: a literature review of the past 11 years. Frontiers in Virtual Reality 3 (2022) 843195.","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2022.843195"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christos Kyrlitsias and Despina Michael-Grigoriou. 2022. Social interaction with agents and avatars in immersive virtual environments: A survey. Frontiers in Virtual Reality 2 (2022) 786665.","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2021.786665"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Younghwa Lee Kenneth\u00a0A Kozar and Kai\u00a0RT Larsen. 2003. The technology acceptance model: Past present and future. Communications of the Association for information systems 12 1 (2003) 50.","DOI":"10.17705\/1CAIS.01250"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radwa Mabrook and Jane\u00a0B Singer. 2019. Virtual reality 360 video and journalism studies: Conceptual approaches to immersive technologies. Journalism studies 20 14 (2019) 2096\u20132112.","DOI":"10.1080\/1461670X.2019.1568203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guido Makransky and Lau Lilleholt. 2018. A structural equation modeling investigation of the emotional value of immersive virtual reality in education. Educational Technology Research and Development 66 5 (2018) 1141\u20131164.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-018-9581-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerry\u00a0T Manis and Danny Choi. 2019. The virtual reality hardware acceptance model (VR-HAM): Extending and individuating the technology acceptance model (TAM) for virtual reality hardware. Journal of Business Research 100 (2019) 503\u2013513.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2018.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juanjo Mena Odiel Estrada-Molina and Esperanza P\u00e9rez-Calvo. 2023. Teachers\u2019 professional training through augmented reality: A literature review. Education Sciences 13 5 (2023) 517.","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13050517"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445760"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality (2024)","author":"Quamara Megha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Megha Quamara, Luca Capra, Valeria Villani, Cristiano Carlevaro, Oya Celiktutan, Alessandro Peretti, Marco Piazzola, Andrea Ruo, Lorenzo Sabattini, Viktor Schmuck, et\u00a0al. 2024. Towards a Modular Architecture for eXtended Reality Systems. In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality (2024). Springer, Fukuoka, Japan, 1\u201314."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Megha Quamara Viktor Schmuck Cristina Iani Axel Primavesi Alexander Plaum and Luca Vigan\u00f2. 2025. Evaluating Social Acceptance of eXtended Reality (XR) Agent Technology: A User Study (Extended Version). arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2507.16562\u00a0[cs.HC] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2507.16562","DOI":"10.1145\/3750069.3750317"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minjin Rheu Ji\u00a0Youn Shin Wei Peng and Jina Huh-Yoo. 2021. Systematic review: Trust-building factors and implications for conversational agent design. International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction 37 1 (2021) 81\u201396.","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2020.1807710"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camille Sagnier Emilie Loup-Escande Domitile Lourdeaux Indira Thouvenin and G\u00e9rard Vall\u00e9ry. 2020. User acceptance of virtual reality: an extended technology acceptance model. International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction 36 11 (2020) 993\u20131007.","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2019.1708612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D Scorgie Z Feng D Paes F Parisi TW Yiu and R Lovreglio. 2024. Virtual reality for safety training: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Safety science 171 (2024) 106372.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2023.106372"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tawseef\u00a0Ayoub Shaikh Tabasum\u00a0Rasool Dar and Shabir Sofi. 2022. A data-centric artificial intelligent and extended reality technology in smart healthcare systems. Social Network Analysis and Mining 12 1 (2022) 122.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13278-022-00888-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia Jia\u00a0Marcia Sim Khairul Dzakirin\u00a0Bin Rusli Betsy Seah Tracy Levett-Jones Ying Lau and Sok\u00a0Ying Liaw. 2022. Virtual simulation to enhance clinical reasoning in nursing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical simulation in nursing 69 (2022) 26\u201339.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecns.2022.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kay\u00a0M Stanney Hannah Nye Sam Haddad Kelly\u00a0S Hale Christina\u00a0K Padron and Joseph\u00a0V Cohn. 2021. Extended reality (XR) environments. Handbook of human factors and ergonomics 5 (2021) 782\u2013815.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119636113.ch30"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"SIGHCI 2020 Proceedings","author":"Tabourdeau Guillaume","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guillaume Tabourdeau and Camille Grange. 2020. From user acceptance to social acceptance. In SIGHCI 2020 Proceedings. AIS eLibrary, Online, 1\u20135."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behnam Taebi. 2017. Bridging the gap between social acceptance and ethical acceptability. Risk analysis 37 10 (2017) 1817\u20131827.","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12734"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamed Taherdoost. 2018. A review of technology acceptance and adoption models and theories. Procedia manufacturing 22 (2018) 960\u2013967.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2018.03.137"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laura van\u00a0der Lubbe Charlotte Gerritsen and Tibor Bosse. 2020. A serious game to improve the verbal resilience against doorstep scams. International Journal of Serious Games 7 2 (2020) 89\u2013119.","DOI":"10.17083\/ijsg.v7i2.350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Viswanath Venkatesh Michael\u00a0G Morris Gordon\u00a0B Davis and Fred\u00a0D Davis. 2003. User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS quarterly 27 3 (2003) 425\u2013478.","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rafael Villena-Taranilla Ram\u00f3n C\u00f3zar-Guti\u00e9rrez Jos\u00e9\u00a0Antonio Gonz\u00e1lez-Calero and Pascual\u00a0D Diago. 2023. An extended technology acceptance model on immersive virtual reality use with primary school students. Technology Pedagogy and Education 32 3 (2023) 367\u2013388.","DOI":"10.1080\/1475939X.2023.2196281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michael\u00a0D Williams Nripendra\u00a0P Rana and Yogesh\u00a0K Dwivedi. 2015. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT): a literature review. Journal of enterprise information management 28 3 (2015) 443\u2013488.","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-09-2014-0088"}],"event":{"name":"CHItaly 2025: CHItaly 2025: 16th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter","location":"Salerno Italy","acronym":"CHItaly 2025"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 16th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3750069.3750317","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T19:54:19Z","timestamp":1760644459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3750069.3750317"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3750069.3750317","10.1145\/3750069"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3750069.3750317","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}