{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T18:16:53Z","timestamp":1774289813896,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":56,"publisher":"ACM","funder":[{"name":"Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG)","award":["872590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["872590"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3757279.3785584","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:27:38Z","timestamp":1773102458000},"page":"734-743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Can VR Robots Stand in for the Real Thing? Comparing a Physical Cobot and Its Virtual Twin for User Perceptions, Experimental Effects, and Study Costs"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3447-0556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Mara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"JKU Linz, Linz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9805-6130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Winklbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JKU Linz, Linz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6670-9288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra Maria","family":"Siedl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JKU Linz, Linz, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9062-0996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt","family":"Leichtmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.02815"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1302_01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4036(200001)42:1<17::AID-BIMJ17>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA57147.2024.10611017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HRI61500.2025.10974086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0301006620951997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Enrico Guerra and Michael Prilla. 2024. Virtually Real Robots: XR as a Proxy for Physical Human-Robot Interaction. Mensch und Computer 2024-Workshopband 10\u201318420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18420\/muc2024-mci-ws06-204 10.18420\/muc2024-mci-ws06-204","DOI":"10.18420\/muc2024-mci-ws06-204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43154-022-00094-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-1105\/a000137"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2013.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"A Simple Sequentially Rejective Multiple Test Procedure","volume":"6","author":"Holm Sture","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sture Holm. 1979. A Simple Sequentially Rejective Multiple Test Procedure. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 6, 2 (1979), 65\u201370. issn:03036898, 14679469 http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4615733","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Statistics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-008-0002-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.9942"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-96074-6_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2017.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-022-00952-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2015.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","volume-title":"Dawn of the new everything: A journey through virtual reality","author":"Lanier Jaron","unstructured":"Jaron Lanier. 2017. Dawn of the new everything: A journey through virtual reality. Random House."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-020-00624-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.46.1.50_30392"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics12060168"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-025-01210-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-023-00996-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3536167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2024.2331878"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2022.838116"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2015.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-019-01246-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","volume-title":"4th International Workshop on Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality for HRI. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=ZlAhl-wrYqH","author":"Mara Martina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martina Mara, Kathrin Meyer, Michael Heiml, Horst Pichler, Roland Haring, Brigitte Krenn, Stephanie Gross, Bernhard Reiterer, and Thomas Layer-Wagner. 2021. CoBot studio VR: A virtual reality game environment for transdisciplinary research on interpretability and trust in human-robot collaboration. In 4th International Workshop on Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality for HRI. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=ZlAhl-wrYqH"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.633178"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","unstructured":"Kane Meissel and Esther Yao. 2024. Using Cliff\u2019s delta as a non-parametric effect size measure: An accessible web app and R tutorial."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","first-page":"1321","article-title":"A taxonomy of mixed reality visual displays","volume":"77","author":"Milgram Paul","year":"1994","unstructured":"Paul Milgram and Fumio Kishino. 1994. A taxonomy of mixed reality visual displays. IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information and Systems, 77, 12 (1994), 1321\u20131329.","journal-title":"IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information and Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1026\/0012-1924\/a000067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VRW55335.2022.00035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2023.1156715"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3568162.3576970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2022.107242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Austrian Robotics Workshop (ARW\u201923)","author":"Reiterer Bernhard","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bernhard Reiterer, Mathias Brandst\u00f6tter, Martina Mara, Daniel Rammer, Roland Haring, Michael Heiml, Kathrin Meyer, Tobias Hoffmann, Matthias Weyrer, and Michael Hofbaur. 2023. An immersive game projection setup for studies on collaboration with a real robot. In Proceedings of the Austrian Robotics Workshop (ARW\u201923)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3555812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3334480.3382893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2025.102065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vrih.2024.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","volume-title":"Presence: Teleoperators and virtual environments, 6, 6","author":"Slater Mel","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mel Slater, Sylvia Wilbur, et al. 1997. A framework for immersive virtual environments (FIVE): Speculations on the role of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and virtual environments, 6, 6 (1997), 603\u2013616. http:\/\/www.cs.ucl.ac.uk\/staff\/M.Slater"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3268986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2018.2873186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","unstructured":"Marco Torchiano. 2016. Effsize - a package for efficient effect size computation."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HRI61500.2025.10974150"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ufug.2022.127673"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2006.314404"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cexr.2024.100064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173386.3173561"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15213260701283079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1719133"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10711813241264206"}],"event":{"name":"HRI '26: 21st ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","location":"Edinburgh Scotland UK","acronym":"HRI '26","sponsor":["SIGAI ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction","IEEE RAS"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 21st ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3757279.3785584","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T17:18:09Z","timestamp":1774286289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3757279.3785584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3757279.3785584","10.1145\/3757279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3757279.3785584","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}