{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:32:14Z","timestamp":1760661134310,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"7","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017052","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62172106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Older adults (OAs) usually face various challenges when using smartphones due to their limited knowledge and the declines in memory and information processing capabilities. Many studies in HCI and CSCW communities have focused on supporting OAs to independently use smartphones. However, compared to independent exploration, support from younger family members (YFMs) has specific advantages in problem understanding, solution personalization, and security protection. However, OAs and YFMs generally have gaps in time, knowledge, and experience, affecting the efficiency of support and their experience. For this problem, we conduct a formative study to gather insights into OAs and YFMs' perspectives and expectations in the supporting procedure. Then we introduce chatbot to mediate the gaps between OAs and YFMs and build a system named WePilot to assist them to collaboratively solve smartphone usage problems. Evaluations with 12 pairs of participants (OA and corresponding YFM) suggest WePilot's strengths in improving problem solving efficiency and OAs and YFMs' experience. Based on these findings, we propose several insights into the future design of intergenerational technical support systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3757703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T17:32:00Z","timestamp":1760635920000},"page":"1-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["WePilot: Integrating Younger Family Members and Chatbot to Support Older Adults Learning Smartphone Usage"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8586-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haonan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9109-4625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1646-6935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3956-5866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meitong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1426-3210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hansu","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6633-4826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2915-974X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Automation and skill: new directions","volume":"2","author":"Adler Paul S","year":"1987","unstructured":"Paul S Adler. 1987. Automation and skill: new directions. International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 2, 5-6 (1987), 761-772.","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. 87-89","author":"Aftab Amber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amber Aftab, Ruipu Hu, and Sang Won Lee. 2020. Remo: Generating Interactive Tutorials by Demonstration for Online Tasks. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. 87-89."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Human-Computer Interaction-INTERACT 2019: 17th IFIP TC 13 International Conference","author":"Alexandrakis Diogenis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Diogenis Alexandrakis, Konstantinos Chorianopoulos, and Nikolaos Tselios. 2019. Insights on older adults' attitudes and behavior through the participatory design of an online storytelling platform. In Human-Computer Interaction-INTERACT 2019: 17th IFIP TC 13 International Conference, Paphos, Cyprus, September 2-6, 2019, Proceedings, Part I 17. Springer, 465-474."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Monica Anderson and Andrew Perrin. 2017. Tech adoption climbs among older adults. (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"8","author":"Baghestani Afsane","year":"2024","unstructured":"Afsane Baghestani, Celine Latulipe, and Andrea Bunt. 2024. Older Adults' Collaborative Learning Dynamics When Exploring Feature-Rich Software. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 8, CSCW1 (2024), 1-27."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jomara Binda Elitza Georgieva Yujing Yang Fanlu Gui Jordan Beck and John M Carroll. 2018. PhamilyHealth: a photo sharing system for intergenerational family collaboration on health. In Companion of the 2018 acm conference on computer supported cooperative work and social computing. 337-340.","DOI":"10.1145\/3272973.3274091"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Danding Wang, Si Chen, Jiqun Liu, Benjamin Tag, Jorge Goncalves, and Tilman Dingler.","author":"Boonprakong Nattapat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nattapat Boonprakong, Gaole He, Ujwal Gadiraju, Niels Van Berkel, Danding Wang, Si Chen, Jiqun Liu, Benjamin Tag, Jorge Goncalves, and Tilman Dingler. 2023. Workshop on Understanding and Mitigating Cognitive Biases in Human-AI Collaboration. In Companion Publication of the 2023 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 512-517."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hcr\/hqac008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology","author":"Braun Virginia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, Vol. 3, 2 (2006), 77-101."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. 2013. Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis? Qualitative research in psychology","author":"Braun Virginia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. 2021. One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis? Qualitative research in psychology, Vol. 18, 3 (2021), 328-352."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Advancing Knowledge Together","author":"Cai Zhenyao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhenyao Cai, Seehee Park, Nia Nixon, and Shayan Doroudi. 2024. Advancing Knowledge Together: Integrating Large Language Model-based Conversational AI in Small Group Collaborative Learning. In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-9.","journal-title":"In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"It's for Young People'': Intergenerational Relationships and ICTs Learning Among Older Adults. In Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population","author":"Carlo Simone","unstructured":"Simone Carlo and Francesco Bonifacio. 2020. ''You Don't Need Instagram, It's for Young People'': Intergenerational Relationships and ICTs Learning Among Older Adults. In Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Technology and Society, Qin Gao and Jia Zhou (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 29-41."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/517699"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/42.6.772","article-title":"Burden and well-being among caregivers: examining the distinction","volume":"42","author":"Chappell Neena L","year":"2002","unstructured":"Neena L Chappell and R Colin Reid. 2002. Burden and well-being among caregivers: examining the distinction. The Gerontologist, Vol. 42, 6 (2002), 772-780.","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2380116.2380130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-018-9875-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Conversational User Interfaces. 1-16","author":"Desai Smit","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smit Desai, Morgan Lundy, and Jessie Chin. 2023. ''A Painless Way to Learn:'' Designing an Interactive Storytelling Voice User Interface to Engage Older Adults in Informal Health Information Learning. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Conversational User Interfaces. 1-16."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3447527.3474860"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-39513-5_9","volume-title":"Human-Computer Interaction. Novel User Experiences: 18th International Conference, HCI International 2016, Toronto, ON, Canada, July 17-22, 2016. Proceedings, Part III 18","author":"Engen Vegard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vegard Engen, J Brian Pickering, and Paul Walland. 2016. Machine agency in human-machine networks; impacts and trust implications. In Human-Computer Interaction. Novel User Experiences: 18th International Conference, HCI International 2016, Toronto, ON, Canada, July 17-22, 2016. Proceedings, Part III 18. Springer, 96-106."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764218773829","article-title":"Catalyst to connection: When technical difficulties lead to social support for older adults","volume":"62","author":"Francis Jessica","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jessica Francis, Travis Kadylak, Taj W Makki, RV Rikard, and Shelia R Cotten. 2018. Catalyst to connection: When technical difficulties lead to social support for older adults. American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 62, 9 (2018), 1167-1185.","journal-title":"American Behavioral Scientist"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1515\/omgc-2023-0011","article-title":"From the Traditionalists to GenZ: conceptualizing intergenerational communication and media preferences in the USA","volume":"2","author":"Gao May Hongmei","year":"2023","unstructured":"May Hongmei Gao. 2023. From the Traditionalists to GenZ: conceptualizing intergenerational communication and media preferences in the USA. Online Media and Global Communication, Vol. 2, 3 (2023), 422-445.","journal-title":"Online Media and Global Communication"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3678516"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Companion Publication of the 2021 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 327-330","author":"Garg Radhika","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radhika Garg, Martin Porcheron, Leigh Clark, Benjamin R Cowan, Asbj\u00f8rn F\u00f8lstad, Bo Zhang, Jeni Paay, and Ewa Luger. 2021. CUI@ CSCW: Inclusive and collaborative child-facing voice technologies. In Companion Publication of the 2021 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 327-330."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Companion Publication of the 2023 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 126-131","author":"Ghiotti Narayan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Narayan Ghiotti, David Clulow, Serene Cheon, Kevin Cui, and Hyo Kang. 2023. Prototyping Kodi: Defining Design Requirements to Develop a Virtual Chat-bot for Autistic Children and Their Caregivers. In Companion Publication of the 2023 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 126-131."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"The constitution of society: Outline of the theory of structuration","author":"Giddens Anthony","unstructured":"Anthony Giddens. 1984. The constitution of society: Outline of the theory of structuration. Univ of California Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Personas, participatory design and product development: An infrastructure for engagement","author":"Grudin Jonathan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jonathan Grudin and John Pruitt. 2002. Personas, participatory design and product development: An infrastructure for engagement. In PDC. 144-152.","journal-title":"PDC."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Chatbots as social companions: How people perceive consciousness, human likeness, and social health benefits in machines. arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.10599","author":"Guingrich Rose E","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rose E Guingrich and Michael SA Graziano. 2023. Chatbots as social companions: How people perceive consciousness, human likeness, and social health benefits in machines. arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.10599 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"International journal of educational telecommunications","author":"Gunawardena Charlotte N","year":"1995","unstructured":"Charlotte N Gunawardena. 1995. Social presence theory and implications for interaction and collaborative learning in computer conferences. International journal of educational telecommunications, Vol. 1, 2 (1995), 147-166."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11518-021-5497-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-17","author":"Han Ariel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ariel Han, Xiaofei Zhou, Zhenyao Cai, Shenshen Han, Richard Ko, Seth Corrigan, and Kylie A Peppler. 2024. Teachers, Parents, and Students' perspectives on Integrating Generative AI into Elementary Literacy Education. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-17."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Exploring heterogeneous ICT use among older adults: The warm experts' perspective. New media & society","author":"H\u00e4nninen Riitta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Riitta H\u00e4nninen, Sakari Taipale, and Raija Luostari. 2021. Exploring heterogeneous ICT use among older adults: The warm experts' perspective. New media & society, Vol. 23, 6 (2021), 1584-1601."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/44838"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"8","author":"Hu Jiaxiong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiaxiong Hu, Jingya Guo, Ningjing Tang, Xiaojuan Ma, Yuan Yao, Changyuan Yang, and Yingqing Xu. 2024. Designing the Conversational Agent: Asking Follow-up Questions for Information Elicitation. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 8, CSCW1 (2024), 1-30."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"VitalStep: Revitalizing Elderly Health and Connectivity with E-Square-Dance. In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-7.","author":"Huang Jun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jun Huang, Qianwen Tan, and Qi Fang. 2024. VitalStep: Revitalizing Elderly Health and Connectivity with E-Square-Dance. In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-7."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"237802311988786","article-title":"He explained it to me and I also did it myself'': How older adults get support with their technology uses","volume":"5","author":"Hunsaker Amanda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Amanda Hunsaker, Minh Hao Nguyen, Jaelle Fuchs, Teodora Djukaric, Larissa Hugentobler, and Eszter Hargittai. 2019. ''He explained it to me and I also did it myself'': How older adults get support with their technology uses. Socius, Vol. 5 (2019), 2378023119887866.","journal-title":"Socius"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Applications and Services for Quality of Life: 7th International Conference, UAHCI","author":"Ishihara Tatsuya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tatsuya Ishihara, Masatomo Kobayashi, Hironobu Takagi, and Chieko Asakawa. 2013. How unfamiliar words in smartphone manuals affect senior citizens. In Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Applications and Services for Quality of Life: 7th International Conference, UAHCI 2013, Held as Part of HCI International 2013, Las Vegas, NV, USA, July 21-26, 2013, Proceedings, Part III 7. Springer, 636-642."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0741713619834726"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Synapse: interactive guidance by demonstration with trial-and-error support for older adults to use smartphone apps","volume":"6","author":"Jin Xiaofu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiaofu Jin, Xiaozhu Hu, Xiaoying Wei, and Mingming Fan. 2022. Synapse: interactive guidance by demonstration with trial-and-error support for older adults to use smartphone apps. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, Vol. 6, 3 (2022), 1-24.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.80.3.406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Video calls as a replacement for family visits during lockdowns in aged care: Interview study with family members. JMIR aging","author":"Kelly Ryan M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ryan M Kelly, Yushan Xing, Steven Baker, and Jenny Waycott. 2023. Video calls as a replacement for family visits during lockdowns in aged care: Interview study with family members. JMIR aging, Vol. 6 (2023), e40953."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Distributed learning spaces: Physical, blended and virtual learning spaces in higher education. In Physical and virtual learning spaces in higher education: Concepts for the modern learning environment","author":"Keppell Mike","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mike Keppell and Matthew Riddle. 2012. Distributed learning spaces: Physical, blended and virtual learning spaces in higher education. In Physical and virtual learning spaces in higher education: Concepts for the modern learning environment. IGI Global, 1-20.","journal-title":"IGI Global"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376785"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300316"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Older Adults Learning Digital Skills Together: Peer Tutors' Perspectives on Non-Formal Digital Support","volume":"11","author":"Korpela Viivi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Viivi Korpela, Laura Pajula, and Riitta H\u00e4nninen. 2023. Older Adults Learning Digital Skills Together: Peer Tutors' Perspectives on Non-Formal Digital Support. Media and Communication, Vol. 11, 3 (2023), 53-62.","journal-title":"Media and Communication"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376609"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642393"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2399193.2399195"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 workshop on wearable systems and applications. 33-34","author":"Li Lin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lin Li, Wei Peng, Kendra Kamp, Marie Bowen, Shelia R Cotten, RV Rikard, and Anastasia Kononova. 2017. Poster: Understanding long-term adoption of wearable activity trackers among older adults. In Proceedings of the 2017 workshop on wearable systems and applications. 33-34."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3421937.3422018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"Companion Publication of the 2019 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 122-126","author":"Liao Q Vera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Q Vera Liao, Yi-Chia Wang, Timothy Bickmore, Pascale Fung, Jonathan Grudin, Zhou Yu, and Michelle Zhou. 2019. Human-agent communication: Connecting research and development in HCI and AI. In Companion Publication of the 2019 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 122-126."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518962"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018)","volume":"20","author":"Liu Fengli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fengli Liu and Jia Zhou. 2019. How to help older adults learn smartphone applications? A case study of instructional design for video training. In Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) Volume IX: Aging, Gender and Work, Anthropometry, Ergonomics for Children and Educational Environments 20. Springer, 123-136."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"Alan HS Chan, and Ke Chen","author":"Ma Qi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Qi Ma, Alan HS Chan, and Ke Chen. 2016. Personal and other factors affecting acceptance of smartphone technology by older Chinese adults. Applied ergonomics, Vol. 54 (2016), 62-71."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1177\/13548565211070409","article-title":"The warm expert-A warm teacher? Learning about digital media in intergenerational interaction","volume":"28","author":"Martinez Carolina","year":"2022","unstructured":"Carolina Martinez and Tobias Olsson. 2022. The warm expert-A warm teacher? Learning about digital media in intergenerational interaction. Convergence, Vol. 28, 6 (2022), 1861-1877.","journal-title":"Convergence"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3369821"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581183"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s10823-008-9058-6","article-title":"Concepts of burden in giving care to older relatives: A study of female caregivers in a Mexico City neighborhood","volume":"23","author":"Mendez-Luck Carolyn A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carolyn A Mendez-Luck, David P Kennedy, and Steven P Wallace. 2008. Concepts of burden in giving care to older relatives: A study of female caregivers in a Mexico City neighborhood. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, Vol. 23 (2008), 265-282.","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300573"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IUSER.2014.7002686"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/347642.347758"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445702"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Design for Aging: First International Conference, ITAP","author":"Pang Natalie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Natalie Pang, Samantha Vu, Xue Zhang, and Schubert Foo. 2015. Older adults and the appropriation and disappropriation of smartphones. In Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Design for Aging: First International Conference, ITAP 2015, Held as Part of HCI International 2015, Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2-7, 2015. Proceedings, Part I 1. Springer, 484-495."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Companion Publication of the 2021 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 144-148","author":"Park SangAh","year":"2021","unstructured":"SangAh Park, Yoon Young Lee, Soobin Cho, Minjoon Kim, and Joongseek Lee. 2021. ''Knock Knock, Here Is an Answer from Next Door'': Designing a Knowledge Sharing Chatbot to Connect Residents: Community Chatbot Design Case Study. In Companion Publication of the 2021 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 144-148."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"algorithms, and beyond: Why work design matters more than ever in a digital world. Applied psychology","author":"Parker Sharon K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharon K Parker and Gudela Grote. 2022. Automation, algorithms, and beyond: Why work design matters more than ever in a digital world. Applied psychology, Vol. 71, 4 (2022), 1171-1204."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2nd Conference of ELOA. ELOA, 224-232","author":"Patr\u00edcio Maria Raquel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maria Raquel Patr\u00edcio and Ant\u00f3nio Os\u00f3rio. 2011. Lifelong learning, intergenerational relationships and ICT: perceptions of children and older adults. In Elderly, Education, Intergenerational Relationships and Social Development. Proceedings of 2nd Conference of ELOA. ELOA, 224-232."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2047196.2047213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2009 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 739-748","author":"Poole Erika Shehan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Erika Shehan Poole, Marshini Chetty, Tom Morgan, Rebecca E Grinter, and W Keith Edwards. 2009. Computer help at home: methods and motivations for informal technical support. In Proceedings of the 2009 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 739-748."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.107034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00829","article-title":"The vicious circles of skill erosion: a case study of cognitive automation","volume":"24","author":"Rinta-Kahila Tapani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tapani Rinta-Kahila, Esko Penttinen, Antti Salovaara, Wael Soliman, and Joona Ruissalo. 2023. The vicious circles of skill erosion: a case study of cognitive automation. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, Vol. 24, 5 (2023), 1378-1412.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3581641.3584066"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642621"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"7","author":"Sharifi Hasti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hasti Sharifi and Debaleena Chattopadhyay. 2023. Senior Technology Learning Preferences Model for Mobile Technology. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 7, MHCI (2023), 1-39."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","volume-title":"We need to talk about deception in social robotics! Ethics and Information Technology","author":"Sharkey Amanda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amanda Sharkey and Noel Sharkey. 2021. We need to talk about deception in social robotics! Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 23 (2021), 309-316."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","article-title":"Generational differences in learning style preferences among adult learners in the United States","volume":"7","author":"Shepherd Jennifer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jennifer Shepherd. 2020. Generational differences in learning style preferences among adult learners in the United States. Journal of Behavioral & Social Sciences, Vol. 7, 2 (2020).","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral & Social Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3580930"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411763.3451771"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3526113.3545671"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","volume-title":"A Human-Centered Recommendation Framework With LLM Agents","author":"Shu Yubo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yubo Shu, Haonan Zhang, Hansu Gu, Peng Zhang, Tun Lu, Dongsheng Li, and Ning Gu. 2024. RAH! RecSys-Assistant-Human: A Human-Centered Recommendation Framework With LLM Agents. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642291"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445180"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3178876.3186098"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","volume-title":"GUI-Xplore: Empowering Generalizable GUI Agents with One Exploration. arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.17709","author":"Sun Yuchen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yuchen Sun, Shanhui Zhao, Tao Yu, Hao Wen, Samith Va, Mengwei Xu, Yuanchun Li, and Chongyang Zhang. 2025. GUI-Xplore: Empowering Generalizable GUI Agents with One Exploration. arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.17709 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","volume-title":"Scaffolding learning: Principles for effective teaching and the design of classroom resources. Effective teaching and learning: Perspectives, strategies and implementation","author":"Taber Keith S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keith S Taber. 2018. Scaffolding learning: Principles for effective teaching and the design of classroom resources. Effective teaching and learning: Perspectives, strategies and implementation (2018), 1-43."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Narrowing the distance: Implementing a hybrid learning model for information security education","volume":"8","author":"Tabor Sharon W","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sharon W Tabor. 2007. Narrowing the distance: Implementing a hybrid learning model for information security education. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, Vol. 8, 1 (2007), 47.","journal-title":"Quarterly Review of Distance Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"6","author":"Tang Xinru","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xinru Tang, Yuling Sun, Bowen Zhang, Zimi Liu, RAY Lc, Zhicong Lu, and Xin Tong. 2022. '' I Never Imagined Grandma Could Do So Well with Technology'' Evolving Roles of Younger Family Members in Older Adults' Technology Learning and Use. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 6, CSCW2 (2022), 1-29."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642938"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376760"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 15641-15653","author":"Wan Jianqiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jianqiang Wan, Sibo Song, Wenwen Yu, Yuliang Liu, Wenqing Cheng, Fei Huang, Xiang Bai, Cong Yao, and Zhibo Yang. 2024. Omniparser: A unified framework for text spotting key information extraction and table recognition. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 15641-15653."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2014 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 4027-4036","author":"Wang Cheng-Yao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheng-Yao Wang, Wei-Chen Chu, Hou-Ren Chen, Chun-Yen Hsu, and Mike Y Chen. 2014. Evertutor: Automatically creating interactive guided tutorials on smartphones by user demonstration. In Proceedings of the 2014 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 4027-4036."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dakuo Wang Elizabeth Churchill Pattie Maes Xiangmin Fan Ben Shneiderman Yuanchun Shi and Qianying Wang. 2020. From human-human collaboration to Human-AI collaboration: Designing AI systems that can work together with people. In Extended abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-6.","DOI":"10.1145\/3334480.3381069"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3519266"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_1","volume-title":"Denny Zhou, et al.","author":"Wei Jason","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma, Fei Xia, Ed Chi, Quoc V Le, Denny Zhou, et al., 2022. Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models. Advances in neural information processing systems, Vol. 35 (2022), 24824-24837."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_94_1","volume-title":"The Free Encyclopedia","unstructured":"Wikipedia. 2024. Distributed learning - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Distributed%20learning&oldid=1181008424. [Online; accessed 10-October-2024]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_95_1","volume-title":"Intergenerational communication across the life span","author":"Williams Angie","unstructured":"Angie Williams and Jon F Nussbaum. 2013. Intergenerational communication across the life span. Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_96_1","volume-title":"Interpersonal analysis of the help-seeking process. Handbook of social and clinical psychology: The health perspective","author":"Wills Thomas A","year":"1991","unstructured":"Thomas A Wills and Bella M DePaulo. 1991. Interpersonal analysis of the help-seeking process. Handbook of social and clinical psychology: The health perspective, Vol. 162 (1991), 350-375."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3441000.3441015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_98_1","volume-title":"2022 International Symposium on Educational Technology (ISET). IEEE, 253-257","author":"Xiao Jun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jun Xiao and Qingchun Bai. 2022. iTutor: Promoting AI Guided Knowledge Interaction in Online Learning. In 2022 International Symposium on Educational Technology (ISET). IEEE, 253-257."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-02-2018-0060"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_100_1","volume-title":"Appagent: Multimodal agents as smartphone users. arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.13771","author":"Yang Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao Yang, Jiaxuan Liu, Yucheng Han, Xin Chen, Zebiao Huang, Bin Fu, and Gang Yu. 2023. Appagent: Multimodal agents as smartphone users. arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.13771 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_102_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-22","author":"Yu Ja Eun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ja Eun Yu and Debaleena Chattopadhyay. 2024. Reducing the Search Space on demand helps Older Adults find Mobile UI Features quickly, on par with Younger Adults. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1-22."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581447"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_104_1","volume-title":"OmniParser V2: Structured-Points-of-Thought for Unified Visual Text Parsing and Its Generality to Multimodal Large Language Models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.16161","author":"Yu Wenwen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wenwen Yu, Zhibo Yang, Jianqiang Wan, Sibo Song, Jun Tang, Wenqing Cheng, Yuliang Liu, and Xiang Bai. 2025. OmniParser V2: Structured-Points-of-Thought for Unified Visual Text Parsing and Its Generality to Multimodal Large Language Models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.16161 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3517479"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3472749.3474812"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-022-00933-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Randall Ziman and Greg Walsh. 2018. Factors affecting seniors' perceptions of voice-enabled user interfaces. In Extended abstracts of the 2018 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems. 1-6.","DOI":"10.1145\/3170427.3188575"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3757703","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T17:49:02Z","timestamp":1760636942000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3757703"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"references-count":108,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3757703"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3757703","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}