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Dual-Interface SSDs, which integrate block-interface Flash memory with byte-addressable memory, create opportunities for application redesign by reducing unnecessary read-write amplification on storage devices. However, current Dual-Interface SSD hardware remains limited in terms of size and functionality. Existing software designs for Dual-Interface SSDs often use the byte-addressable space as sequential logs with basic batch reclamation. While this space allows random access, and batch reclamation introduces significant tail latency caused by excessive read and write-back operations. To fully exploit the potential of Dual-Interface SSDs, we have developed a prototype on a hardware-software configurable platform. This publicly accessible Dual-Interface SSD offers realistic and optimized performance, overcoming the size and functionality limitations of previous designs. In addition, we demonstrate the ability of Dual-Interface SSDs to reduce write amplification in a traditional Copy-on-Write B-Tree data store. By employing two key techniques\u2013Tree Pointer Relocation, which decouples indirection from the tree structure, and Tree Node Accommodation, which enables small-sized key-value pair updates to be processed directly in the byte-addressable space\u2013we significantly improve the efficiency of storage operations. Our evaluation reveals that these techniques, when applied to Dual-Interface SSDs, achieve performance gains of 30.5% and 52.5% compared with a CoW B-Tree operating on traditional block-interface SSDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3762153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T11:24:33Z","timestamp":1756725873000},"page":"1-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unlocking the Full Potential of Dual-Interface SSDs: A Comprehensive Hardware and Software Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8984-6171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lok Yin","family":"Chow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong","place":["Hong Kong, Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2890-7984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingjia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","place":["Hong Kong, Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5974-8134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Bay University","place":["Dongguan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4029-757X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Chang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","place":["Hong Kong, Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"Inc. 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