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While prior research has investigated uncertainty as a monolithic concept, the distinct effects of communicating aleatoric or epistemic uncertainty on humans and their reliance behavior remain unexplored. In this work, we present two behavioral experiments that systematically examine how participants rely on AI advice when faced with different types of uncertainty. While the first experiment manipulates the source of uncertainty, specifying it as either aleatoric or epistemic, the second decomposes uncertainty into its individual components, presenting aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty simultaneously. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted impact of different uncertainty types on human\u2013AI interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3762813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T15:08:49Z","timestamp":1756220929000},"page":"1-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Balancing the Unknown: Exploring Human Reliance on AI Advice under Aleatoric and Epistemic Uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3885-8365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Holstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Information Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1365-7224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"B\u00f6cking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Systems and Human-Centric Artificial Intelligence, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany and Branch Business &amp; Information Systems Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9378-0872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Spitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Information Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6750-0876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niklas","family":"K\u00fchl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Systems and Human-Centric Artificial Intelligence, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany and Branch Business &amp; Information Systems Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7722-6142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"V\u00f6ssing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Information Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8731-654X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard","family":"Satzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Information Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2020.3841"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-03573-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3579460"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-018-0004-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3514094.3534164"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3461702.3462571"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"Robin Bodenberger and Kirsten Thommes. 2025. 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