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We present\n                    <jats:sc>Sprout,<\/jats:sc>\n                    a new system for automatically migrating programs across I\/O APIs that guarantees behavioral equivalence.\n                    <jats:sc>Sprout<\/jats:sc>\n                    uses flow-sensitive pointer analysis to identify semantic variables, which enables the typestate analysis for matching API semantics and the synthesis of migrated programs. Experimental results with real-world\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">c<\/jats:italic>\n                    programs highlight the efficiency and effectiveness of our approach. We also show that\n                    <jats:sc>Sprout<\/jats:sc>\n                    can be adapted to other domains, such as databases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3763071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T08:49:50Z","timestamp":1759999790000},"page":"584-614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Sound Static Analysis Approach to I\/O API Migration"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5163-3310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shangyu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9911-4602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1521-3569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sizhe","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8620-1064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5904-3641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiasi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"ANTLR Project. 2024. 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