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Lang."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Compute Express Link (CXL) memory sharing, persistent memory, and other related technologies allow data to survive crash events. A key challenge is ensuring that data is consistent after crashes such that it can be safely accessed. While there has been much work on bug-finding tools for persistent memory programs, these tools cannot guarantee that a program is crash-consistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this paper, we present a language,\n                    <jats:sc>CrashLang<\/jats:sc>\n                    , and its type system, that together guarantee that well-typed data structure implementations written in\n                    <jats:sc>CrashLang<\/jats:sc>\n                    are crash-consistent.\n                    <jats:sc>CrashLang<\/jats:sc>\n                    leverages the well-known commit-store pattern in which a single store logically commits an entire data structure operation. In this paper, we prove that well-typed\n                    <jats:sc>CrashLang<\/jats:sc>\n                    programs are crash-consistent, and provide a prototype implementation of the\n                    <jats:sc>CrashLang<\/jats:sc>\n                    compiler.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We have evaluated\n                    <jats:sc>CrashLang<\/jats:sc>\n                    on five benchmarks: the Harris linked list, the Treiber stack, the Michael\u2013Scott queue, a Read-Copy-Update binary search tree, and a Cache-Line Hash Table. We experimentally verified that each implementation correctly survives crashes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3763077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T08:49:50Z","timestamp":1759999790000},"page":"753-783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Towards Verifying Crash Consistency"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0216-2113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keonho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at Irvine, Irvine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9477-194X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conan","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at Irvine, Irvine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1210-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Demsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at Irvine, Irvine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Marcos \u039a Aguilera and Svend Fr\u00f8lund. 2003. 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