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In this paper, we propose\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mmMUSE<\/jats:italic>\n                    , an mmWave-based motion-resilient universal speech enhancement system that integrates mmWave and audio. To mitigate motion interference, we propose a two-stage method for robust vocal vibration extraction. Moreover, by proposing the Vocal-Noise-Ratio metric to assess the prominence of the vocal vibration, we enable real-time voice activity detection. We also design a complex-valued network that includes an attention-based fusion network for cross-modal complementing and a time-frequency masking network for correcting amplitude and phase of speech to isolate noises. Using datasets from 46 participants,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mmMUSE<\/jats:italic>\n                    outperforms the state-of-the-art speech enhancement models by 26% in SISDR and 34% in STOI on average. It also achieves SISDR improvements of 16.72 dB, 17.93 dB, 14.93 dB, and 18.95 dB in controlled environments involving intense noise, extensive motion, multiple speakers, and various obstructive materials, respectively. Finally, in real-world scenarios, including running, public spaces, and driving,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mmMUSE<\/jats:italic>\n                    achieves WER below 10%.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3770672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T19:42:32Z","timestamp":1764704552000},"page":"1-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>mmMUSE:<\/i>\n                    An mmWave-based Motion-resilient Universal Speech Enhancement System"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5524-1025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8860-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0877-4636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dequan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0769-2924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2330-3799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenming","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4285-1905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengzhen","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6368-9250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5741-6611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haojie","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9046-798X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanyong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2024.3393718"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"AMD. 2024. 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