{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T19:47:05Z","timestamp":1764704825784,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62232004,62202099,92467205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62232004,62202099,92467205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20220806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20220806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security","award":["BM2003201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BM2003201"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration of Ministry of Education of China","award":["93K-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93K-9"]}]},{"name":"\u201cZhishan\u201d Young Scholar Program of Southeast University","award":["2242024RCB0012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2242024RCB0012"]}]},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and Industrialization"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Touch-based interfaces dominate today's mobile and embedded devices, creating a need to accurately distinguish the operating hand (left vs. right) behind touch inputs for personalized, context-aware interaction. We present HandiSense, a purely software solution that determines the operating hand using only the raw multi-touch data exposed by standard capacitive-touchscreen APIs\u2014no cameras, wearables, or low-level sensor access required. HandiSense captures distinctive geometric and kinematic signatures by constructing spatial and temporal triangles from concurrent touch points and their trajectories. A modular classification framework is first trained on two-finger gestures and then extended to handle up to five fingers through masked feature fusion. Evaluated on over 70,000 multi-finger samples from diverse users, devices, and scenarios, HandiSense achieves over 96% accuracy and maintains stable performance across varying screen sizes and interaction styles. By offering a calibration-free, cross-device, and wholly software-based path to hand-aware interaction, HandiSense broadens the design space for personalized and context-adaptive touch interfaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3770677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T19:42:32Z","timestamp":1764704552000},"page":"1-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HandiSense: Left\/Right Operating Hand Recognition for Multi-finger Touchscreen Interactions"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1628-906X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0111-3265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6597-3725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ding","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9691-8702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"2025. Apple TouchScreen Gestures. https:\/\/support.apple.com\/zh-cn\/102482 Accessed: 2025-07-19."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2025. HONOR TouchScreen Gestures. https:\/\/www.honor.com\/cn\/support\/content\/zh-cn15819070\/ Accessed: 2025-07-18."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2025. HuaWei TouchScreen Gestures. https:\/\/consumer.huawei.com\/cn\/support\/content\/zh-cn00688486\/ Accessed: 2025-07-18."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2025. MotionEvent | API reference. https:\/\/developer.android.google.cn\/reference\/android\/view\/MotionEvent Accessed: 2025-07-18."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"2025. OPPO TouchScreen Gestures. https:\/\/support.oppo.com\/cn\/self-service\/ Accessed: 2025-07-19."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643511"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3472749.3474801"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702501"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1952222.1952233"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/csse.2022.022003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3119977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2912765"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Se-Joon Chung Junggon Kim Shangchen Han Nancy S Pollard J Oh et al. 2015. Quadratic Encoding for Hand Pose Reconstruction from Multi-Touch Input. In Eurographics (Short Papers). 13\u201316."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1731903.1731925"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2023.3235379"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2396636.2396663"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAR.2015.7251485"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THS.2012.6459891"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.487"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0005276900990108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025561"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s16081314"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3292500.3330670"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3659597"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643559"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-019-00619-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3301275.3302295"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1029632.1029652"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3654777.3676412"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2836041.2836066"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22083094"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1125451.1125786"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/informatics5020028"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISMAR.2011.6092378"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979318"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(01)00070-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM.2015.7357626"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2016.2635643"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2022.3160361"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData47090.2019.9005997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.494"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518864"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46484-8_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-021-11156-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2557500.2557525"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3659589"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3770677","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T19:43:32Z","timestamp":1764704612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3770677"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3770677"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3770677","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-9567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-9567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}