{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:39:21Z","timestamp":1786120761974,"version":"build-2736575974"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":42,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"CAAI-Mindspore Open Fund","award":["CAAI-Mindspore Open Fund"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAI-Mindspore Open Fund"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education of China","award":["JYB2025XDXM503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JYB2025XDXM503"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Major Program","award":["25ZXZSSS00680"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25ZXZSSS00680"]}]},{"name":"Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology","award":["HCZC-202606A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HCZC-202606A"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62472311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62472311"]}]},{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Urban Intelligence and Digital Governance of the Ministry of Education of the People&rsquo;s Republic of China","award":["Engineering Research Center for Urban Intelligence and Digital Governance of the Ministry of Education of the People&rsquo;s Republic of China"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Engineering Research Center for Urban Intelligence and Digital Governance of the Ministry of Education of the People&rsquo;s Republic of China"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3770855.3818974","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T17:15:43Z","timestamp":1786036543000},"page":"11165-11176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MotRNA: Encoding RNA Motifs via Explicit N-gram Memory"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1815-8559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9651-0651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2981-2229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1105-3540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7934-6869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Penglin","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cybersecurity, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7916-6745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zirui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4549-3262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp;#38; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China and School of Artificial Intellegence, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Josh Achiam et al. 2023. GPT-4 Technical Report. Technical Report. OpenAI. https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2303.08774 arXiv:2303.08774."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219720018400012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koad026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.12.13.571579"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.08.06.503062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2601.07372"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xian Chia et al. 2025. A Survey on Post-training of Large Language Models. arXiv (2025). doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2503.06072","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2503.06072"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky285"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.02.12.579881"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.01.27.577533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.2406.02381"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shujun He Rui Huang Jill Townley Rachael C. Kretsch Thomas G. Karagianes David B. T. Cox Rhiju Das et al. 2024. Ribonanza: deep learning of RNA structure through dual crowdsourcing. bioRxiv (2024). doi:10.1101\/2024.02.24.581671 Preprint.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.02.24.581671"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2505.18658"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL). https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/2025","author":"Han","unstructured":"Han Lai et al., 2025. A Survey of Post-Training Scaling in Large Language Models. In Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL). https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/2025.acl-long.140\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.09.26.559463"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-025-03853-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2022. ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue. OpenAI blog post. https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.2403.00043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.06.29.498185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N. Rathi et al. 2025. Humans Overrely on Overconfident Language Models Across Languages. arXiv (2025). doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2507.06306","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2507.06306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21194-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-68356-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13395-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i05.6428"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2302","author":"Touvron Hugo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hugo Touvron, Thibaut Lavril, Gautier Izacard, Xavier Martinet, Marie-Anne Lachaux, Timoth\u00e9e Lacroix, Baptiste Rozi\u00e8re, Naman Goyal, Eric Hambro, Faisal Azhar, et al., 2023. LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models. In Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2302.13971 arXiv:2302.13971."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/850024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-024-00836-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-024-00836-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.07.11.548588"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.07.11.548588"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-65340-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v39i20.35500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.2410.12459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR). https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=q5EZ7gKcnW arXiv:2501","author":"Yifan","unstructured":"Yifan Ye et al., 2025. Iterative Label Refinement Matters More than Preference Optimization under Weak Supervision. In International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR). https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=q5EZ7gKcnW arXiv:2501.07886."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-64972-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-64972-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad1031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Z. Zhang. 2024. Pretrain Datasets for ERNIE-RNA. doi:10.6084\/m9.figshare.28034282.v1","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.28034282.v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.08.06.668731"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60048-110.1038\/s41467-025-60048-1"}],"event":{"name":"KDD '26: The 32nd ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","location":"Jeju Island Republic of Korea","sponsor":["SIGMOD ACM Special Interest Group on Management of Data","SIGKDD ACM Special Interest Group on Knowledge Discovery in Data"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining V.2"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T01:24:58Z","timestamp":1786065898000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3770855.3818974"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3770855.3818974","10.1145\/3770855"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3770855.3818974","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-08-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}