{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T07:57:07Z","timestamp":1776931027703,"version":"3.51.2"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":94,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3772318.3790266","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T07:34:33Z","timestamp":1776065673000},"page":"1-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AI Twin: Enhancing ESL Speaking Practice through AI Self-Clones of a Better Me"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2588-2674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minju","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2082-9091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seunghyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Socra AI, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4687-1491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juhwan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Socra AI, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7838-8311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongwook","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3537674.3554742"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_2","first-page":"173","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Society for Presence Research Annual Conference","author":"Aymerich-Franch Laura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Laura Aymerich-Franch and Jeremy Bailenson. 2014. The use of doppelgangers in virtual reality to treat public speaking anxiety: a gender comparison. In Proceedings of the International Society for Presence Research Annual Conference. Citeseer Vienna, 173\u2013186."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karen Best Laura Jones-Katz Bailey Smolarek Marie Stolzenburg and Derek Williamson. 2015. Listening to our students: An exploratory practice study of ESL writing students\u2019 views of feedback. Tesol Journal 6 2 (2015) 332\u2013357.","DOI":"10.1002\/tesj.152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howard Hao-Jan Chen. 2011. Developing and evaluating an oral skills training website supported by automatic speech recognition technology. ReCALL 23 1 (2011) 59\u201378.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0958344010000285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IDICAIEI61867.2024.10842936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_2","volume-title":"Engaging schools: Fostering high school students\u2019 motivation to learn","author":"Council National\u00a0Research","year":"2003","unstructured":"National\u00a0Research Council, Division of Behavioral, Social Sciences, Board on Children, Youth, Committee on Increasing High School Students\u2019\u00a0Engagement, and Motivation to Learn. 2003. Engaging schools: Fostering high school students\u2019 motivation to learn. National Academies Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_2","volume-title":"Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment \u2013 Companion Volume","author":"Europe Council of","year":"2020","unstructured":"Council of Europe. 2020. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment \u2013 Companion Volume. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg, France."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_2","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction","author":"DeKeyser Robert","year":"2007","unstructured":"Robert DeKeyser. 2007. Skill acquisition theory. In Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 97\u2013113."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jean-Marc Dewaele. 2007. Predicting language learners\u2019 grades in the L1 L2 L3 and L4: The effect of some psychological and sociocognitive variables. International Journal of Multilingualism 4 3 (2007) 169\u2013197.","DOI":"10.2167\/ijm080.0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_2","volume-title":"The Psychology of the Language Learner: Individual Differences in Second Language Acquisition","author":"D\u00f6rnyei Zolt\u00e1n","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zolt\u00e1n D\u00f6rnyei. 2005. The Psychology of the Language Learner: Individual Differences in Second Language Acquisition. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Farzad Ehsani and Eva Knodt. 1998. Speech technology in computer-aided language learning: Strengths and limitations of a new CALL paradigm. Language Learning & Technology 2 (1998). 10.64152\/10125\/25032","DOI":"10.64152\/10125\/25032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"ElevenLabs. 2024. ElevenLabs: Voice AI Platform. https:\/\/elevenlabs.io\/. Accessed: September 7 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rod Ellis. 2010. Epilogue: A framework for investigating oral and written corrective feedback. Studies in second language acquisition 32 2 (2010) 335\u2013349.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0272263109990544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rod Ellis Shawn Loewen and Rosemary Erlam. 2006. Implicit and explicit corrective feedback and the acquisition of L2 grammar. Studies in second language acquisition 28 2 (2006) 339\u2013368.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0272263106060141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Estela Ene and Jia Yao. 2021. How Does That Make You Feel: Students\u2019 Affective Engagement with Feedback.Language Teaching Research Quarterly 25 (2021) 66\u201383.","DOI":"10.32038\/ltrq.2021.25.04"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elin Ericsson and Stefan Johansson. 2023. English speaking practice with conversational AI: Lower secondary students\u2019 educational experiences over time. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence 5 (2023) 100164.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2023.100164"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leon Festinger. 1954. A theory of social comparison processes. Human relations 7 2 (1954) 117\u2013140.","DOI":"10.1177\/001872675400700202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luciano Floridi Josh Cowls Monica Beltrametti Raja Chatila Patrice Chazerand Virginia Dignum Christoph Luetge Robert Madelin Ugo Pagallo Francesca Rossi et\u00a0al. 2018. AI4People\u2014An ethical framework for a good AI society: Opportunities risks principles and recommendations. Minds and machines 28 4 (2018) 689\u2013707.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-018-9482-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jennifer\u00a0A Fredricks Phyllis\u00a0C Blumenfeld and Alison\u00a0H Paris. 2004. School engagement: Potential of the concept state of the evidence. Review of educational research 74 1 (2004) 59\u2013109.","DOI":"10.3102\/00346543074001059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-2018-7_37"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luke Fryer and Rollo Carpenter. 2006. Bots as language learning tools. Language Learning & Technology (2006).","DOI":"10.64152\/10125\/44068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_2","volume-title":"Motivation and second language acquisition: The socio-educational model","author":"Gardner Robert\u00a0C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Robert\u00a0C Gardner. 2010. Motivation and second language acquisition: The socio-educational model. Vol.\u00a010. Peter Lang."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_2","unstructured":"Georgios\u00a0P Georgiou. 2025. ChatGPT produces more\" lazy\" thinkers: Evidence of cognitive engagement decline. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2507.00181 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbara\u00a0A Greene. 2015. Measuring cognitive engagement with self-report scales: Reflections from over 20 years of research. Educational Psychologist 50 1 (2015) 14\u201330.","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520.2014.989230"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anthony\u00a0G Greenwald. 1976. Within-subjects designs: To use or not to use?Psychological Bulletin 83 2 (1976) 314.","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.83.2.314"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ye Han and Fiona Hyland. 2015. Exploring learner engagement with written corrective feedback in a Chinese tertiary EFL classroom. Journal of second language writing 30 (2015) 31\u201344.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jslw.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E\u00a0Tory Higgins. 1987. Self-discrepancy: a theory relating self and affect.Psychological review 94 3 (1987) 319.","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.3.319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elaine\u00a0K Horwitz Michael\u00a0B Horwitz and Joann Cope. 1986. Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern language journal 70 2 (1986) 125\u2013132.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4781.1986.tb05256.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713587"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_2","unstructured":"Michelle Huang. 2022. I trained an AI chatbot on my childhood journal entries \u2014 so that I could engage in real-time dialogue with my \"inner child\" (some reflections below:). https:\/\/x.com\/michellehuang42\/status\/1597005489413713921?lang=en. Tweet."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weijiao Huang Khe\u00a0Foon Hew and Luke\u00a0K Fryer. 2022. Chatbots for language learning\u2014Are they really useful? A systematic review of chatbot-supported language learning. Journal of computer assisted learning 38 1 (2022) 237\u2013257.","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12610"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3630106.3658911"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sung-Soo Jang. 2011. Corrective Feedback and Language Anxiety in L2 Processing and Achievement.English teaching 66 2 (2011).","DOI":"10.15858\/engtea.66.2.201106.73"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anna Jobin Marcello Ienca and Effy Vayena. 2019. The global landscape of AI ethics guidelines. Nature machine intelligence 1 9 (2019) 389\u2013399.","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0088-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_2","unstructured":"Ji\u00a0Hyun Kim. 2004. Issues of corrective feedback in second language acquisition. Working Papers in TESOL & Applied Linguistics (2004)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rakhun Kim. 2024. Effects of Learner Uptake Following Automatic Corrective Recast from Artificial Intelligence Chatbots on the Learning of English Caused-Motion Construction.Language Learning & Technology 28 2 (2024) 109\u2013133.","DOI":"10.64152\/10125\/73574"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_2","unstructured":"Stephen\u00a0D Krashen. 1982. Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Learning 46 2 (1982) 327\u201369."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_2","volume-title":"Natural approach","author":"Krashen Stephen\u00a0D","year":"1983","unstructured":"Stephen\u00a0D Krashen and Tracy Terrell. 1983. Natural approach. Pergamon New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"George\u00a0D Kuh. 2009. What student affairs professionals need to know about student engagement. Journal of college student development 50 6 (2009) 683\u2013706.","DOI":"10.1353\/csd.0.0099"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485768.3485796"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Locky Law. 2024. Application of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in language teaching and learning: A scoping literature review. Computers and Education Open 6 (2024) 100174.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeo.2024.100174"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrick Yung\u00a0Kang Lee Ning\u00a0F Ma Ig-Jae Kim and Dongwook Yoon. 2023. Speculating on risks of AI clones to selfhood and relationships: Doppelganger-phobia identity fragmentation and living memories. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-computer Interaction 7 CSCW1 (2023) 1\u201328.","DOI":"10.1145\/3579524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joanne Leong John Tang Edward Cutrell Sasa Junuzovic Gregory\u00a0Paul Baribault and Kori Inkpen. 2024. Dittos: Personalized embodied agents that participate in meetings when you are unavailable. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8 CSCW2 (2024) 1\u201328.","DOI":"10.1145\/3687033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491140.3528329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.bea-1.7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hao Liu and Mengya Feng. 2023. The role of learner engagement with corrective feedback in EFL\/ESL classrooms. Frontiers in psychology 14 (2023) 1118467.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1118467"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_48_2","unstructured":"Jackie Liu Mehrnoosh\u00a0Sadat Shirvani Hwajung Hong Ig-Jae Kim and Dongwook Yoon. 2025. Social Media Clones: Exploring the Impact of Social Delegation with AI Clones through a Design Workbook Study. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2509.07502 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shawn Loewen and Jenefer Philp. 2006. Recasts in the adult English L2 classroom: Characteristics explicitness and effectiveness. The modern language journal 90 4 (2006) 536\u2013556.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4781.2006.00465.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michael\u00a0H Long Shunji Inagaki and Lourdes Ortega. 1998. The role of implicit negative feedback in SLA: Models and recasts in Japanese and Spanish. The modern language journal 82 3 (1998) 357\u2013371.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4781.1998.tb01213.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicole Loorbach Oscar Peters Joyce Karreman and Micha\u00ebl Steehouder. 2015. Validation of the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS) in a self-directed instructional setting aimed at working with technology. British journal of educational technology 46 1 (2015) 204\u2013218.","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12138"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roy Lyster. 1998. Negotiation of form recasts and explicit correction in relation to error types and learner repair in immersion classrooms. Language learning 48 2 (1998) 183\u2013218.","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9922.00039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roy Lyster and Leila Ranta. 1997. Corrective feedback and learner uptake: Negotiation of form in communicative classrooms. Studies in second language acquisition 19 1 (1997) 37\u201366.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0272263197001034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nooreiny Maarof et\u00a0al. 2018. The effect of role-play and simulation approach on enhancing ESL oral communication skills. International Journal of Research in English Education 3 3 (2018) 63\u201371.","DOI":"10.29252\/ijree.3.3.63"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius. 1986. Possible selves.American psychologist 41 9 (1986) 954.","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.41.9.954"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_56_2","first-page":"211","volume-title":"Goal concepts in personality and social psychology","author":"Markus Hazel","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hazel Markus and Ann Ruvolo. 1989. Possible selves: Personalized representations of goals. In Goal concepts in personality and social psychology, Lawrence\u00a0A. Pervin (Ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 211\u2013241."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3514094.3534177"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2802083.2808392"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alia Moser. 2020. Written corrective feedback: The role of learner engagement. Cham: Springer (2020).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-63994-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christine Muir Zolt\u00e1n D\u00f6rnyei and Svenja Adolphs. 2021. Role models in language learning: Results of a large-scale international survey. Applied Linguistics 42 1 (2021) 1\u201323.","DOI":"10.1093\/applin\/amz056"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kimberly\u00a0A Noels Luc\u00a0G Pelletier Richard Cl\u00e9ment and Robert\u00a0J Vallerand. 2003. Why are you learning a second language? Motivational orientations and self-determination theory. Language learning 53 S1 (2003) 33\u201364.","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9922.53223"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rhonda Oliver and Alison Mackey. 2003. Interactional context and feedback in child ESL classrooms. The Modern Language Journal 87 4 (2003) 519\u2013533.","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-4781.00205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_63_2","unstructured":"OpenAI. [n. d.]. OpenAI. https:\/\/openai.com\/. Accessed: 2025-09-11."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3502093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iliana Panova and Roy Lyster. 2002. Patterns of corrective feedback and uptake in an adult ESL classroom. Tesol Quarterly 36 4 (2002) 573\u2013595.","DOI":"10.2307\/3588241"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David\u00a0L Penn James\u00a0D Ivory Abigail Judge et\u00a0al. 2010. The virtual doppelganger: Effects of a virtual reality simulator on perceptions of schizophrenia. The Journal of nervous and mental disease 198 6 (2010) 437\u2013443.","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3181e07d66"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_67_2","unstructured":"Personal.ai. 2025. Personal.ai. https:\/\/www.personal.ai\/. Accessed: 2025-09-08."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul\u00a0R Pintrich et\u00a0al. 1991. A manual for the use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). (1991).","DOI":"10.1037\/t09161-000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul\u00a0R Pintrich and Elisabeth\u00a0V De\u00a0Groot. 1990. Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performance.Journal of educational psychology 82 1 (1990) 33.","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.82.1.33"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banoor\u00a0Yousra Rajabalee Mohammad\u00a0Issack Santally and Frank Rennie. 2020. A study of the relationship between students\u2019 engagement and their academic performances in an eLearning environment. E-learning and Digital Media 17 1 (2020) 1\u201320.","DOI":"10.1177\/2042753019882567"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_71_2","volume-title":"InSTIL\/ICALL Symposium","author":"Raux Antoine","year":"2004","unstructured":"Antoine Raux and Maxine Eskenazi. 2004. Using task-oriented spoken dialogue systems for language learning: potential, practical applications and challenges. In InSTIL\/ICALL Symposium , Vol.\u00a02004."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2807442.2807464"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richard\u00a0M Ryan and Edward\u00a0L Deci. 2000. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation social development and well-being.American psychologist 55 1 (2000) 68.","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0003-066X.55.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nurmalia Sari. 2023. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in developing English language learner\u2019s communication skills. Journal on Education 6 01 (2023) 750\u2013757.","DOI":"10.31004\/joe.v6i1.2990"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_75_2","volume-title":"InSTIL\/ICALL symposium","author":"Seneff Stephanie","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stephanie Seneff, Chao Wang, and Julia Zhang. 2004. Spoken conversational interaction for language learning. In InSTIL\/ICALL symposium , Vol.\u00a02004."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3674829.3675082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_77_2","first-page":"593","volume-title":"Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning","author":"Sheen Younghee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Younghee Sheen and Rod Ellis. 2011. Corrective feedback in language teaching. In Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning. Routledge, 593\u2013610."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rongyi Shen and Sin\u00a0Wang Chong. 2023. Learner engagement with written corrective feedback in ESL and EFL contexts: a qualitative research synthesis using a perception-based framework. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 48 3 (2023) 276\u2013290.","DOI":"10.1080\/02602938.2022.2072468"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellen\u00a0A Skinner Thomas\u00a0A Kindermann and Carrie\u00a0J Furrer. 2009. A motivational perspective on engagement and disaffection: Conceptualization and assessment of children\u2019s behavioral and emotional participation in academic activities in the classroom. Educational and psychological measurement 69 3 (2009) 493\u2013525.","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164408323233"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tzu-Yu Tai and Howard Hao-Jan Chen. 2023. The impact of Google Assistant on adolescent EFL learners\u2019 willingness to communicate. Interactive Learning Environments 31 3 (2023) 1485\u20131502.","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2020.1841801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jon Truby and Rafael Brown. 2021. Human digital thought clones: the Holy Grail of artificial intelligence for big data. Information & Communications Technology Law 30 2 (2021) 140\u2013168.","DOI":"10.1080\/13600834.2020.1850174"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ema Ushioda. 2001. MOTIVATIONAL THINKING. Motivation and second language acquisition 23 (2001) 93.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0272263101002078"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_83_2","unstructured":"Ravichandran Vengadasamy. 2002. Responding to student writing: Motivate not criticise. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies 2 (2002)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chenghao Wang Bin Zou Yiran Du and Zixun Wang. 2024. The impact of different conversational generative AI chatbots on EFL learners: An analysis of willingness to communicate foreign language speaking anxiety and self-perceived communicative competence. System 127 (2024) 103533.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.system.2024.103533"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240820"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huili Yang and Yanping Rui. 2025. Transforming EFL students\u2019 engagement: How AI-enhanced environments bridge emotional health challenges like depression and anxiety. Acta Psychologica 257 (2025) 105104.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu-Fen Yang Wen-Min Hsieh Wing-Kwong Wong Yi-Chun Hong and Siao-Cing Lai. 2024. Reducing students\u2019 foreign language anxiety to improve English vocabulary learning in an online simulation game. Computer Assisted Language Learning 37 3 (2024) 410\u2013432.","DOI":"10.1080\/09588221.2022.2039203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_88_2","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Education and Artificial Intelligence Technologies (EAIT 2023)","author":"Yu Sheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sheng Yu, Jared Coleman, and Bhaskar Krishnamachari. 2023. Chatlang: A two-window approach to chatbots for language learning. In Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Education and Artificial Intelligence Technologies (EAIT 2023). 123\u2013130."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shulin Yu Feng Geng Chunhong Liu and Yao Zheng. 2021. What works may hurt: The negative side of feedback in second language writing. Journal of Second Language Writing 54 (2021) 100850.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jslw.2021.100850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chunpeng Zhai Santoso Wibowo and Lily\u00a0D Li. 2024. The effects of over-reliance on AI dialogue systems on students\u2019 cognitive abilities: a systematic review. Smart Learning Environments 11 1 (2024) 28.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-024-00316-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cong Zhang Yiwen Meng and Xinyu Ma. 2024. Artificial intelligence in EFL speaking: Impact on enjoyment anxiety and willingness to communicate. System 121 (2024) 103259.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.system.2024.103259"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qingxiao Zheng Zhuoer Chen and Yun Huang. 2025. Learning through AI-clones: Enhancing self-perception and presentation performance. Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans 3 (2025) 100117.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbah.2025.100117"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao Zheng and Shulin Yu. 2018. Student engagement with teacher written corrective feedback in EFL writing: A case study of Chinese lower-proficiency students. Assessing Writing 37 (2018) 13\u201324.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asw.2018.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yi-Bin Zheng Yu-Xin Zhou Xiao-Dong Chen and Xin-Dong Ye. 2025. The influence of large language models as collaborative dialogue partners on EFL English oral proficiency and foreign language anxiety. Computer Assisted Language Learning (2025) 1\u201327.","DOI":"10.1080\/09588221.2025.2453191"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bin Zou Yiran Du Zhimai Wang Jinxian Chen and Weilei Zhang. 2023. An investigation into artificial intelligence speech evaluation programs with automatic feedback for developing EFL learners\u2019 speaking skills. Sage Open 13 3 (2023) 21582440231193818.","DOI":"10.1177\/21582440231193818"}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2026: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Barcelona Spain","acronym":"CHI '26","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3772318.3790266","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T09:34:27Z","timestamp":1776418467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3772318.3790266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3772318.3790266","10.1145\/3772318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3772318.3790266","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}