{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T07:58:53Z","timestamp":1776931133981,"version":"3.51.2"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":155,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,4,13]],"date-time":"2027-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1807574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS 2504595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS 2504595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3772318.3790549","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T04:12:28Z","timestamp":1776053548000},"page":"1-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Control in Context: How Smart Home Users Navigate Proxy-based Schemes"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1584-1094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Siebel School of Computing and Data Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0362-6821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Karanika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siebel School of Computing and Data Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7647-338X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ti-Chung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siebel School of Computing and Data Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9326-1135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Shyuan","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siebel School of Computing and Data Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5349-8250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Cobb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siebel School of Computing and Data Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9372-5937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indranil","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siebel School of Computing and Data Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8788-3405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karrie","family":"Karahalios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Amazon Alexa. https:\/\/developer.amazon.com\/alexa."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Apple HomeKit. https:\/\/www.apple.com\/home-app\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Ecobee App. https:\/\/www.ecobee.com\/en-us\/smart-home\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Google Home. https:\/\/store.google.com\/us\/product\/google_home."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Linux Kernel. https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. macOS. https:\/\/www.apple.com\/macos\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"[n. d.]. Phllips Hue App. https:\/\/www.philips-hue.com\/en-in\/explore-hue\/apps\/philips-hue-app."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"James\u00a0D Abbey and Margaret\u00a0G Meloy. 2017. Attention by Design: Using Attention Checks to Detect Inattentive Respondents and Improve Data Quality. Journal of Operations Management 53 (2017) 63\u201370.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132479.3132488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_12_2","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Seventeenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2021)","author":"Abrokwa Desiree","year":"2021","unstructured":"Desiree Abrokwa, Shruti Das, Omer Akgul, and Michelle\u00a0L Mazurek. 2021. Comparing Security and Privacy Attitudes Among U.S. Users of Different Smartphone and Smart-Speaker Platforms. In Seventeenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2021). 139\u2013158."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3395351.3399421"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_14_2","volume-title":"2nd USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Edge Computing (HotEdge 19)","author":"Ahsan Shegufta\u00a0Bakht","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shegufta\u00a0Bakht Ahsan, Rui Yang, Shadi\u00a0Abdollahian Noghabi, and Indranil Gupta. 2019. Home, SafeHome: Ensuring a Safe and Reliable Home Using the Edge. In 2nd USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Edge Computing (HotEdge 19)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mussab Alaa Aws\u00a0Alaa Zaidan Bilal\u00a0Bahaa Zaidan Mohammed Talal and Miss Laiha\u00a0Mat Kiah. 2017. A Review of Smart home Applications based on Internet of Things. Journal of Network and Computer Applications 97 (2017) 48\u201365.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2017.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muhammad\u00a0Raisul Alam Mamun Bin\u00a0Ibne Reaz and Mohd Alauddin\u00a0Mohd Ali. 2012. A Review of Smart homes\u2014Past Present and Future. IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part C (Applications and Reviews) 42 6 (2012) 1190\u20131203.","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2012.2189204"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3641962"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIC.2016.081"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NOMS.2018.8406167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/979-8-3373-1370-2.ch003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eirini Anthi Shazaib Ahmad Omer Rana George Theodorakopoulos and Pete Burnap. 2018. EclipseIoT: A Secure and Adaptive Hub for the Internet of Things. Computers & Security 78 (2018) 477\u2013490.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2018.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_22_2","unstructured":"Apple Smart Home Essentials [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.apple.com\/shop\/smart-home\/accessories."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"Noah Apthorpe Danny\u00a0Yuxing Huang Dillon Reisman Arvind Narayanan and Nick Feamster. 2018. Keeping the Smart Home Private with Smart (Er) IoT Traffic Shaping. arXiv Preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/1812.00955 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nazmiye Balta-Ozkan Rosemary Davidson Martha Bicket and Lorraine Whitmarsh. 2013. Social Barriers to the Adoption of Smart Homes. Energy Policy 63 (2013) 363\u2013374.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2013.08.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birgul Basarir-Ozel Hande\u00a0Bahar Turker and Vesile\u00a0Aslihan Nasir. 2022. Identifying the Key Drivers and Barriers of Smart Home Adoption: A Thematic Analysis from the Business Perspective. Sustainability 14 15 (2022) 9053.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14159053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_26_2","volume-title":"3Rd USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Edge Computing (HotEdge 20)","author":"Basu Soumya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soumya Basu and Emin\u00a0G\u00fcn Sirer. 2020. Trustless IoT: A Logic-Driven Architecture for IoT Hubs. In 3Rd USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Edge Computing (HotEdge 20)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Genevieve Bell and Paul Dourish. 2007. Yesterday\u2019s Tomorrows: Notes on Ubiquitous Computing\u2019s Dominant Vision. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 11 2 (2007) 133\u2013143.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-006-0071-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steve Benford Andy Crabtree Martin Flintham Adam Drozd Rob Anastasi Mark Paxton Nick Tandavanitj Matt Adams and Ju Row-Farr. 2006. Can You See Me Now? ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) 13 1 (2006) 100\u2013133.","DOI":"10.1145\/1143518.1143522"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581504"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300782"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David Buil-Gil Steven Kemp Stefanie Kuenzel Lynne Coventry Sameh Zakhary Daniel Tilley and James Nicholson. 2023. The Digital Harms of Smart Home Devices: A Systematic Literature Review. Computers in Human Behavior 145 (2023) 107770.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2023.107770"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mauro Caporuscio Francesco Flammini Narges Khakpour Prasannjeet Singh and Johan Thornadtsson. 2020. Smart-Troubleshooting Connected Devices: Concept Challenges and Opportunities. Future Generation Computer Systems 111 (2020) 681\u2013697.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_34_2","first-page":"577","volume-title":"Proceedings Of Ubicomp 2003 Workshop at the Crossroads: The Interaction Of HCI And Systems Issues In Ubicomp","author":"Chalmers Matthew","year":"2003","unstructured":"Matthew Chalmers. 2003. Seamful Design and Ubicomp Infrastructure. In Proceedings Of Ubicomp 2003 Workshop at the Crossroads: The Interaction Of HCI And Systems Issues In Ubicomp. 577\u2013584."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ic:20030140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_36_2","unstructured":"Matthew Chalmers Andreas Dieberger Kristina H\u00f6\u00f6k and \u00c5sa Rudstr\u00f6m. 2004. Social Navigation and Seamful Design. Cognitive Studies: Bulletin of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society 11 3 (2004) 171\u2013181."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiaohong Chen Shi Chen Zhi Jin Han Bian Zihan Chen and Haotian Li. 2025. Expressing the Needs in Smart Home: What is the End Users\u2019 Favorite Way. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 32 2 (2025) 1\u201338.","DOI":"10.1145\/3715114"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franco Cicirelli Giancarlo Fortino Andrea Giordano Antonio Guerrieri Giandomenico Spezzano and Andrea Vinci. 2016. On the Design of Smart Homes: A Framework for Activity Recognition in Home Environment. Journal of Medical Systems 40 9 (2016) 200.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-016-0549-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fulvio Corno Luigi De\u00a0Russis and Alberto Monge\u00a0Roffarello. 2021. From Users\u2019 Intentions to If-then Rules in the Internet of Things. 2021 ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) 39 4 (2021) 1\u201333.","DOI":"10.1145\/3447264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aykut Coskun G\u00fcl Kaner and \u0130dil Bostan. 2018. Is Smart Home a Necessity or a Fantasy for the Mainstream User? A Study on Users\u2019 Expectations of Smart Household Appliances. International Journal of Design 12 1 (2018) 7\u201320.","DOI":"10.21742\/ijsh.2018.12.3.02"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_42_2","unstructured":"Rodney Cowled. 2022. Smart Hone Routine: Automate Your Day. https:\/\/rodneycowled.com\/smart-home-routines\/. Last accessed January 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445435"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11853565_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fred\u00a0D Davis Richard\u00a0P Bagozzi and Paul\u00a0R Warshaw. 1989. Technology Acceptance Model. J Manag Sci 35 8 (1989) 982\u20131003.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.8.982"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"John\u00a0D Day and Hubert Zimmermann. 1983. The OSI reference model. Proc. IEEE 71 12 (1983) 1334\u20131340.","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1983.12775"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702613.2732795"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_48_2","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Workshop Proceedings of the 10Th International Conference on Intelligent Environments","author":"Demeure Alexandre","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alexandre Demeure, Sybille Caffiau, and Jo\u00eblle Coutaz. 2014. Activity Based End-user-development for Smart Homes: Relevance and Challenges. In Workshop Proceedings of the 10Th International Conference on Intelligent Environments. IOS Press, 141\u2013152."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordana Dermody Roschelle Fritz Courtney Glass Melissa Dunham and Lisa Whitehead. 2021. Factors Influencing Community-dwelling Older Adults\u2019 Readiness to Adopt Smart Home Technology: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. Journal of Advanced Nursing 77 12 (2021) 4847\u20134861.","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordana Dermody Rania Shibl Mingzhong Wang Andy Ward Judy Watson Kerry North Jacqueline Blake Erica Mealy Abigail\u00a0My Koay Sirinthip Roomkham and Others. 2025. Multi Perspective Considerations for Health Smart Home: Early Phase Exploratory Study. Journal of Advanced Nursing (2025).","DOI":"10.1111\/JAN.16945\/v3\/response1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicole\u00a0M Deterding and Mary\u00a0C Waters. 2021. Flexible Coding of In-depth Interviews: A Twenty-first-century Approach. Sociological Methods & Research 50 2 (2021) 708\u2013739.","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124118799377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCS61804.2024.10581017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_53_2","first-page":"337","volume-title":"USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI)","author":"Dixon Colin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Colin Dixon, Ratul Mahajan, Sharad Agarwal, AJ Brush, Bongshin Lee, Stefan Saroiu, and Paramvir Bahl. 2012. An Operating System for the Home. In USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI). 337\u2013352."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Menachem Domb. 2019. Smart Home Systems Based on Internet of Things. Internet of Things (IoT) for Automated and Smart Applications 25 (2019) 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.84894"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benjamin\u00a0D Douglas Patrick\u00a0J Ewell and Markus Brauer. 2023. Data Quality in Online Human-subjects Research: Comparisons Between MTurk Prolific CloudResearch Qualtrics and SONA. PLOS One 18 3 (2023).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melisa Duque Sarah Pink Michael Mortimer Yolande Strengers Rex Martin Larissa Nicholls Ben Horan Alicia Eugene and Sue Thomson. 2022. Troubleshooting as a Method in COVID-19 Times: Smart Home Ethnographies and Remote Aged Care Innovation. Digital Creativity 33 3 (2022) 188\u2013203.","DOI":"10.1080\/14626268.2022.2088560"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peer Eyal Rothschild David Gordon Andrew Evernden Zak and Damer Ekaterina. 2021. Data Quality of Platforms and Panels for Online Behavioral Research. Behavior Research Methods (2021) 1\u201320.","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-022-01909-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_58_2","unstructured":"Shabnam FakhrHosseini Chaiwoo Lee Sheng-Hung Lee and Joseph Coughlin. 2024. A Taxonomy of Home Automation: Expert Perspectives on the Future of Smarter Homes. Information Systems Frontiers (2024) 1\u201318."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosa Falotico and Piero Quatto. 2015. Fleiss\u2019 Kappa Statistic Without Paradoxes. Quality & Quantity 49 (2015) 463\u2013470.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-014-0003-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_60_2","unstructured":"Jyotsna Gabhane Shradha Thakare and M Craig. 2017. Smart Homes System Using Internet-of-Things: Issues Solutions and Recent Research Directions. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 4 5 (2017) 1965\u20131969."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radhika Garg and Hua Cui. 2022. Social Contexts Agency and Conflicts: Exploring Critical Aspects of Design for Future Smart Home Technologies. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 29 2 (2022) 1\u201330.","DOI":"10.1145\/3485058"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_62_2","unstructured":"GE Cync Smart Devices [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.gelighting.com\/smart-home."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300498"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_64_2","unstructured":"Aleksandar Georgiev and Stephan Schl\u00f6gl. 2018. Smart Home Technology: An Exploration of End User Perceptions. Innovative L\u00f6Sungen F\u00fcR Eine Alternde Gesellschaft: Konferenzbeitr\u00e4Ge Der SMARTER LIVES 18 20.02 (2018) 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_65_2","first-page":"87","volume-title":"UsENIX Summer","author":"Golub David\u00a0B","year":"1990","unstructured":"David\u00a0B Golub, Randall\u00a0W Dean, Alessandro Forin, and Richard\u00a0F Rashid. 1990. UNIX as an Application Program.. In UsENIX Summer. 87\u201395."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"C. Goumopoulos and A. Kameas. 2009. Ambient Ecologies in Smart Homes. Comput. J. 52 8 (2009) 922\u2013937. 10.1093\/comjnl\/bxn042","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxn042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_67_2","unstructured":"Vaishnavi\u00a0S Gunge and Pratibha\u00a0S Yalagi. 2016. Smart Home Automation: A Literature Review. International Journal of Computer Applications 975 8887-8891 (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kevin\u00a0A Hallgren. 2012. Computing Inter-rater Reliability for Observational Data: An Overview and Tutorial. Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology 8 1 (2012) 23.","DOI":"10.20982\/tqmp.08.1.p023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68018-7_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPW.2019.00036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491101.3519703"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monique Hennink and Bonnie\u00a0N Kaiser. 2022. Sample Sizes for Saturation in Qualitative Research: A Systematic Review of Empirical Tests. Social Science & Medicine 292 (2022) 114523.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003331674-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_74_2","unstructured":"Honeywell Home Smart Devices [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.honeywellhome.com\/us\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_75_2","unstructured":"Stan Horaczek. 2018. Stop Shouting at Your Smart Home so Much and Set up Multi-step Routines. https:\/\/www.popsci.com\/smart-home-routines-apple-google-amazon. Last accessed January 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2673091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300508"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_78_2","unstructured":"Bojan J.2021. Internet of Things Statistics for 2021 \u2013 Taking Things Apart. https:\/\/dataprot.net\/statistics\/iot-statistics\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46214.2022.9833629"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2361921"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642368"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mari-Rose Kennedy Richard Huxtable Giles Birchley Jonathan Ives and Ian Craddock. 2021. \u201cA Question of Trust\u201d and \u201ca Leap of Faith\u201d\u2014Study Participants\u2019 Perspectives on Consent Privacy and Trust in Smart Home Research: Qualitative Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 9 11 (2021) e25227.","DOI":"10.2196\/25227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Muhammad\u00a0Abbas Khan Ijaz Ahmad Anis\u00a0Nurashikin Nordin A. Ahmed H. Mewada Y. Daradkeh Saim Rasheed E.\u00a0T. Eldin and Muhammad Shafiq. 2022. Smart Android Based Home Automation System Using Internet of Things (IoT). Sustainability (2022). 10.3390\/su141710717","DOI":"10.3390\/su141710717"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_84_2","unstructured":"Shahedul\u00a0Huq Khandkar. 2009. Open Coding. University of Calgary 23 2009 (2009) 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IE.2012.57"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCAA.2016.7813918"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445598"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_88_2","unstructured":"Ed.D. Kristen\u00a0Mattson. 2016. App-dependent or App-enabled? https:\/\/drkmattson.wordpress.com\/2015\/02\/02\/app-dependent-or-app-enabled\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2317956.2317997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adrian Lara Anisha Kolasani and Byrav Ramamurthy. 2013. Network Innovation Using Openflow: A Survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 16 1 (2013) 493\u2013512.","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2013.081313.00105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byounggwan Lee Ohkyun Kwon Inseong Lee and Jinwoo Kim. 2017. Companionship with Smart Home Devices: The Impact of Social Connectedness and Interaction Types on Perceived Social Support and Companionship in Smart Homes. Computers in Human Behavior 75 (2017) 922\u2013934.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Timo Lenzner Lars Kaczmirek and Alwine Lenzner. 2010. Cognitive Burden of Survey Questions and Response Times: A Psycholinguistic Experiment. Applied Cognitive Psychology 24 7 (2010) 1003\u20131020.","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1602"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JCPC.2009.5420152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APSCC.2008.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419249.3420185"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCBI.2014.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-35602-5_26"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Indu Malik Arpit Bhardwaj Harshit Bhardwaj and Aditi Sakalle. 2023. IoT-enabled Smart Homes: Architecture Challenges and Issues. Revolutionizing Industrial Automation Through the Convergence of Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things (2023) 160\u2013176.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-6684-4991-2.ch008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1878450.1878468"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_100_2","unstructured":"A. Mehra. 2020. Smart Home Market Worth $151.4 Billion by 2024. https:\/\/www.marketsandmarkets.com\/PressReleases\/globalsmart-homes-market.asp."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_101_2","unstructured":"Memoori. 2022. The Global Market for the Internet of Things in Smart Commercial Buildings. https:\/\/memoori.com\/portfolio\/the-internet-of-things-in-smart-commercial-buildings-2022-to-2027\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544549.3585689"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCN.2011.6115547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCPS.2014.6843717"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Majid Nasirinejad and Srinivas Sampalli. 2023. Evaluating Consumer Behavior Decision Making Risks and Challenges for Buying an IoT Product. IoT 4 2 (2023) 78\u201394.","DOI":"10.3390\/iot4020005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCSW.2003.1203566"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_107_2","unstructured":"Britta O\u2019Boyle. 2021. What Are Google Assistant Routines and How to Do Multiple Actions with One Command? https:\/\/www.pocket-lint.com\/smart-home\/news\/google\/143928-google-assistant-routines-how-to-do-multiple-actions-with-one-command. Last accessed January 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3317549.3323409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stefan Palan and Christian Schitter. 2018. Prolific \u2014A Subject Pool for Online Experiments. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance 17 (2018) 22\u201327.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbef.2017.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eyal Peer David Rothschild and Andrew Gordon. 2023. Platform over Procedure: Online Platforms That Pre-vet Participants Yield Higher Data Quality Without Sacrificing Diversity. Working Paper (2023).","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/buzwn"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCCE.2015.7398711"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3170521.3170550"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4337\/9781035352937.00012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dennis\u00a0M Ritchie and Ken Thompson. 1974. The UNIX Time-sharing System. Commun. ACM 17 7 (1974) 365\u2013375.","DOI":"10.1145\/361011.361061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AICCSA.2015.7507265"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_117_2","unstructured":"Samsung SmartThings [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.samsung.com\/us\/smartthings\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2465351.2465386"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_119_2","first-page":"91","volume-title":"2019 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 19)","author":"Sengupta Aritra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aritra Sengupta, Tanakorn Leesatapornwongsa, Masoud\u00a0Saeida Ardekani, and Cesar\u00a0A Stuardo. 2019. Transactuations: Where Transactions Meet the Physical World. In 2019 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 19). 91\u2013106."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_120_2","first-page":"143","volume-title":"2016 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 16)","author":"Shen Chenguang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chenguang Shen, Rayman\u00a0Preet Singh, Amar Phanishayee, Aman Kansal, and Ratul Mahajan. 2016. Beam: Ending Monolithic Applications for Connected Devices. In 2016 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 16). 143\u2013157."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-35939-2_32"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed Shuhaiber and Ibrahim Mashal. 2019. Understanding Users\u2019 Acceptance of Smart Homes. Technology in Society 58 (2019) 101110.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2019.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_123_2","unstructured":"Siemens Home Automation [n. d.]. https:\/\/www.siemens.com\/global\/en\/products\/automation\/systems\/industrial\/plc\/logo\/home-automation.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amit\u00a0Kumar Sikder Leonardo Babun Z\u00a0Berkay Celik Hidayet Aksu Patrick McDaniel Engin Kirda and A\u00a0Selcuk Uluagac. 2022. Who\u2019s Controlling My Device? Multi-user Multi-device-aware Access Control System for Shared Smart Home Environment. ACM Transactions on Internet of Things 3 4 (2022) 1\u201339.","DOI":"10.1145\/3543513"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_125_2","first-page":"203","volume-title":"Smart Homes and Health Telematics, Designing a Better Future: Urban Assisted Living: 16Th International Conference, ICOST 2018, Singapore, Singapore, July 10-12, 2018, Proceedings 16","author":"Singh Deepika","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deepika Singh, Ismini Psychoula, Johannes Kropf, Sten Hanke, and Andreas Holzinger. 2018. Users\u2019 Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Smart Home Technologies. In Smart Homes and Health Telematics, Designing a Better Future: Urban Assisted Living: 16Th International Conference, ICOST 2018, Singapore, Singapore, July 10-12, 2018, Proceedings 16. Springer, 203\u2013214."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/192844.193021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_127_2","unstructured":"Statista. [n. d.]. Smart Home. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/outlook\/279\/109\/smart-home\/united-states. Last accessed September 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helen Stopps Brent Huchuk Marianne\u00a0F Touchie and William O\u2019Brien. 2021. Is Anyone Home? A Critical Review of Occupant-centric Smart HVAC Controls Implementations in Residential Buildings. Building and Environment 187 (2021) 107369.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2020.107369"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaiwen Sun Jingjie Li Yixin Zou Jenny Radesky Christopher Brooks and Florian Schaub. 2024. Unfulfilled Promises of Child Safety and Privacy: Portrayals and Use of Children in Smart Home Marketing. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8 CSCW1 (2024) 1\u201329.","DOI":"10.1145\/3637422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ala\u00a0Nekouvaght Tak Bur\u00e7in Becerik-Gerber Lucio Soibelman and Gale Lucas. 2023. A Framework for Investigating the Acceptance of Smart Home Technologies: Findings for Residential Smart HVAC Systems. Building and Environment 245 (2023) 110935.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2023.110935"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1791212.1791219"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_132_2","unstructured":"Helene\u00a0Fiane Teigen. 2024. Troubleshooting the Connected Home: Exploring the Perspectives of Non-initiators. Convergence (2024) 13548565241268062."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_133_2","unstructured":"The FreeBSD Project. [n. d.]. FreeBSD. https:\/\/www.freebsd.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_134_2","unstructured":"The Open Group. [n. d.]. UNIX. https:\/\/www.opengroup.org\/unix."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3342195.3387517"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_136_2","first-page":"199","volume-title":"IoT-based Smart Applications","author":"Tripathi Aditya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aditya Tripathi, Nidhi Sindhwani, Rohit Anand, and Aman Dahiya. 2022. Role of IoT in Smart Homes and Smart Cities: Challenges, Benefits, and Applications. In IoT-based Smart Applications. Springer, 199\u2013217."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858556"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2741948.2741964"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ping Wang. 2021. Connecting the Parts with the Whole: Toward an Information Ecology Theory of Digital Innovation Ecosystems. MIS Quarterly 45 1 (2021) 397\u2013422.","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2021\/15864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_141_2","unstructured":"Xuequn Wang Tanya\u00a0Jane McGill and Jane\u00a0E Klobas. 2020. I Want It Anyway: Consumer Perceptions of Smart Home Devices. Journal of Computer Information Systems (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11669463_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713517"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581497"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jintao Wu Junsong Chen and Wenyu Dou. 2017. The Internet of Things and Interaction Style: The Effect of Smart Interaction on Brand Attachment. Journal of Marketing Management 33 1-2 (2017) 61\u201375.","DOI":"10.1080\/0267257X.2016.1233132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"William Wulf Ellis Cohen William Corwin Anita Jones Roy Levin Charles Pierson and Fred Pollack. 1974. Hydra: The Kernel of a Multiprocessor Operating System. Commun. ACM 17 6 (1974) 337\u2013345.","DOI":"10.1145\/355616.364017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642866"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_148_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3580842"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_149_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hikmat Yar Ali\u00a0Shariq Imran Zulfiqar\u00a0Ahmad Khan Muhammad Sajjad and Zenun Kastrati. 2021. Towards Smart Home Automation Using IoT-enabled Edge-computing Paradigm. Sensors 21 14 (2021) 4932.","DOI":"10.3390\/s21144932"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali Zaidi Rui Yang Vinay Koshy Camille Cobb Indranil Gupta and Karrie Karahalios. 2023. A User-centric Evaluation of Smart Home Resolution Approaches for Conflicts Between Routines. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 7 1 (2023) 1\u201335.","DOI":"10.1145\/3581997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_151_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Igor Zavalyshyn Axel Legay Annanda Rath and Etienne Rivi\u00e8re. 2022. Sok: Privacy-enhancing Smart Home Hubs. Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (2022).","DOI":"10.56553\/popets-2022-0097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_152_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCE56470.2023.10043520"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_153_2","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Thirteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2017)","author":"Zeng Eric","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eric Zeng, Shrirang Mare, and Franziska Roesner. 2017. End User Security and Privacy Concerns with Smart Homes. In Thirteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2017). USENIX Association, Santa Clara, CA, 65\u201380. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/soups2017\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/zeng"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_154_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serena Zheng Noah Apthorpe Marshini Chetty and Nick Feamster. 2018. User Perceptions of Smart Home IoT Privacy. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-computer Interaction 2 CSCW (2018) 1\u201320.","DOI":"10.1145\/3274469"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_155_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chengmin Zhou Yawen Qian and Jake Kaner. 2024. A Study on Smart Home Use Intention of Elderly Consumers Based on Technology Acceptance Models. Plos One 19 3 (2024) e0300574.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0300574"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73107-8_114"}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2026: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Barcelona Spain","acronym":"CHI '26","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3772318.3790549","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3772318.3790549","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T10:23:14Z","timestamp":1776421394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3772318.3790549"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":155,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3772318.3790549","10.1145\/3772318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3772318.3790549","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}