{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T11:02:41Z","timestamp":1781002961757,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":111,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3772318.3791329","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T04:12:21Z","timestamp":1776053541000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decoupling of Usefulness and Novelty: Evaluating the Impact of Generative AI on Design Outputs and Novice Designers' Creative Thinking"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5828-5932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2780-0419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5280-9456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7446-8488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marx","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9032-5244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yixin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7052-9174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zelia","family":"Gomes Da Costa Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Centered Design and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8613-498X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rock Yuren","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7897-9325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Reinecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3675-5491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob O.","family":"Wobbrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1607-0778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Hiniker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Adobe. 2023. Next-Level Generative Fill. https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/products\/photoshop\/generative-fill.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Adobe. 2023. Photoshop Neural Filters powered by AI. https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/products\/photoshop\/neural-filter.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sultan\u00a0A Alharthi. 2025. Generative AI in Game Design: Enhancing Creativity or Constraining Innovation? Journal of Intelligence 13 6 (2025) 60.","DOI":"10.3390\/jintelligence13060060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18260\/1-2--35612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leyla Alipour Mohsen Faizi Asghar\u00a0Mohammad Moradi and Gholamreza Akrami. 2018. A review of design fixation: Research directions and key factors. International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation 6 1-2 (2018) 22\u201335.","DOI":"10.1080\/21650349.2017.1320232"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_2","volume-title":"Creativity and innovation in organizations","author":"Amabile Teresa\u00a0M","year":"1996","unstructured":"Teresa\u00a0M Amabile. 1996. Creativity and innovation in organizations. Vol.\u00a05. Harvard Business School Boston."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Oxford Analytica. 2023. GenAI will transform workplace tasks across industries. Emerald Expert Briefingsoxan-db (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3635636.3656204"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3715928.3737481"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frank Barron. 1955. The disposition toward originality. Journal of abnormal psychology 51 3 (1955) 478\u201385. https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:30102436","DOI":"10.1037\/h0048073"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathias Benedek Sabine Bergner Tanja K\u00f6nen Andreas Fink and Aljoscha\u00a0C Neubauer. 2011. EEG alpha synchronization is related to top-down processing in convergent and divergent thinking. Neuropsychologia 49 12 (2011) 3505\u20133511.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edward\u00a0M Bowden. 1997. The effect of reportable and unreportable hints on anagram solution and the aha! experience. Consciousness and cognition 6 4 (1997) 545\u2013573.","DOI":"10.1006\/ccog.1997.0325"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edward\u00a0M Bowden and Mark Jung-Beeman. 2003. Normative data for 144 compound remote associate problems. Behavior research methods instruments & computers 35 (2003) 634\u2013639.","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03195543"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/13620-004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"Canva. 2023. Visualize your design ideas with MagicDesign. https:\/\/www.canva.com\/magic-design\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"Canva. 2024. Celebrating Canva\u2019s growth in the US. https:\/\/www.canva.com\/newsroom\/news\/canva-us-growth\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642731"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tilanka Chandrasekera Zahrasadat Hosseini and Ubhaya Perera. 2025. Can artificial intelligence support creativity in early design processes? International journal of architectural computing 23 1 (2025) 122\u2013136.","DOI":"10.1177\/14780771241254637"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammad\u00a0Mohiuddin Choudhury Boris Eisenbart and Blair Kuys. 2025. Artificial intelligence (AI) in the design process\u2013a review and analysis on generative AI perspectives. Proceedings of the Design Society 5 (2025) 631\u2013640.","DOI":"10.1017\/pds.2025.10077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorenza\u00a0S Colzato Ayca Szapora and Bernhard Hommel. 2012. Meditate to create: the impact of focused-attention and open-monitoring training on convergent and divergent thinking. Frontiers in psychology 3 (2012) 22970.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2012.00116"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nathan Crilly. 2019. Creativity and fixation in the real world: A literature review of case study research. Design Studies 64 (2019) 154\u2013168.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.destud.2019.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_2","first-page":"38","volume-title":"ICCC","author":"Davis Nicholas\u00a0M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nicholas\u00a0M Davis, Yanna Popova, Ivan Sysoev, Chih-Pin Hsiao, Dingtian Zhang, and Brian Magerko. 2014. Building Artistic Computer Colleagues with an Enactive Model of Creativity.. In ICCC. 38\u201345."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3027063.3027072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kees Dorst and Nigel Cross. 2001. Creativity in the design process: co-evolution of problem\u2013solution. Design studies 22 5 (2001) 425\u2013437.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-694X(01)00009-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anil\u00a0R Doshi and Oliver\u00a0P Hauser. 2024. Generative AI enhances individual creativity but reduces the collective diversity of novel content. Science Advances 10 28 (2024) eadn5290.","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adn5290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979359"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steven\u00a0P Dow Alana Glassco Jonathan Kass Melissa Schwarz Daniel\u00a0L Schwartz and Scott\u00a0R Klemmer. 2010. Parallel prototyping leads to better design results more divergence and increased self-efficacy. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) 17 4 (2010) 1\u201324.","DOI":"10.1145\/1879831.1879836"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kristen\u00a0M Edwards Brandon Man and Faez Ahmed. 2024. Sketch2Prototype: rapid conceptual design exploration and prototyping with generative AI. Proceedings of the Design Society 4 (2024) 1989\u20131998.","DOI":"10.1017\/pds.2024.201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_2","unstructured":"Figma. 2024. Your creativity unblocked with Figma AI. https:\/\/www.figma.com\/ai\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300619"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3715336.3735829"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michael Gerlich. 2025. AI tools in society: Impacts on cognitive offloading and the future of critical thinking. Societies 15 1 (2025) 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/soc15010006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3580999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chenyan Gu Shuyue Jia Jiaying Lai Ruli Chen and Xinsiyu Chang. 2024. Exploring consumer acceptance of AI-generated advertisements: From the perspectives of perceived eeriness and perceived intelligence. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 19 3 (2024) 2218\u20132238.","DOI":"10.3390\/jtaer19030108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joy\u00a0P Guilford. 1967. Creativity: Yesterday today and tomorrow. The Journal of Creative Behavior 1 1 (1967) 3\u201314.","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2162-6057.1967.tb00002.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702545"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jochen Hartmann Yannick Exner and Samuel Domdey. 2025. The power of generative marketing: Can generative AI create superhuman visual marketing content? International Journal of Research in Marketing 42 1 (2025) 13\u201331.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijresmar.2024.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_2","unstructured":"Andrew Hogan. 2021. The $162 Billion Design Industry Won\u2019t Stop Growing. https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/forrester\/2021\/03\/25\/the-162-billion-design-industry-wont-stop-growing\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_2","unstructured":"Niklas Holzner Sebastian Maier and Stefan Feuerriegel. 2025. Generative AI and Creativity: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2505.17241 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"James\u00a0A Horne. 1988. Sleep loss and \u201cdivergent\u201d thinking ability. Sleep 11 6 (1988) 528\u2013536.","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/11.6.528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642854"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Younjung Hwang and Yi Wu. 2025. The influence of generative artificial intelligence on creative cognition of design students: a chain mediation model of self-efficacy and anxiety. Frontiers in psychology 15 (2025) 1455015.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1455015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kyle\u00a0E Jennings. 2010. Developing creativity: Artificial barriers in artificial intelligence. Minds and Machines 20 (2010) 489\u2013501.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-010-9206-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_46_2","volume-title":"Thinking, fast and slow","author":"Kahneman Daniel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Daniel Kahneman. 2011. Thinking, fast and slow. macmillan."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_47_2","unstructured":"Pegah Karimi Mary\u00a0Lou Maher Nicholas Davis and Kazjon Grace. 2019. Deep learning in a computational model for conceptual shifts in a co-creative design system. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/1906.10188 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511763205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chihiro Kawashima Chong Chen Kosuke Hagiwara Tomohiro Mizumoto Mino Watarai Takaya Koga Fumihiro Higuchi Yuko Fujii Emi Okabe and Shin Nakagawa. 2024. Evaluating the impact of a short bout of stair-climbing on creative thinking in a between-subjects pretest posttest comparison study. Scientific Reports 14 1 (2024) 176.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50282-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3501931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Claus-Peter Klas. 2012. Expert evaluation methods. Dobreva et al (2012) 75\u201384.","DOI":"10.29085\/9781856049269.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3581641.3584078"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300863"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2013-13262"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_55_2","unstructured":"Chinmay Kulkarni Stefania Druga Minsuk Chang Alex Fiannaca Carrie Cai and Michael Terry. 2023. A word is worth a thousand pictures: Prompts as AI design material. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2303.12647 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3714198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elisa Kupers Marijn Van\u00a0Dijk and Andreas Lehmann-Wermser. 2018. Creativity in the here and now: A generic micro-developmental measure of creativity. Frontiers in psychology 9 (2018) 2095.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02095"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_58_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Li Jie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jie Li, Hancheng Cao, Laura Lin, Youyang Hou, Ruihao Zhu, and Abdallah El\u00a0Ali. 2024. User experience design professionals\u2019 perceptions of generative artificial intelligence. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1\u201318."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_59_2","unstructured":"Antonios Liapis Georgios\u00a0N Yannakakis Constantine Alexopoulos and Phil Lopes. 2016. Can computers foster human users\u2019 creativity. Theory and praxis of mixed-initiative co-creativity. Digital Culture & Education 8 2 (2016) 136\u2013153."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_60_2","unstructured":"Jannik Lidner. 2024. Key Adobe Photoshop Statistics Revealed: Dominance in Image Editing. https:\/\/wifitalents.com\/statistic\/adobe-photoshop\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darren\u00a0M Lipnicki and Don\u00a0G Byrne. 2005. Thinking on your back: solving anagrams faster when supine than when standing. Cognitive Brain Research 24 3 (2005) 719\u2013722.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2005.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"James Lloyd-Cox Alan Pickering and Joydeep Bhattacharya. 2022. Evaluating creativity: How idea context and rater personality affect considerations of novelty and usefulness. Creativity Research Journal 34 4 (2022) 373\u2013390.","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2022.2125721"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491101.3519809"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_64_2","unstructured":"Lu\u00eds Macedo and Am\u00edlcar Cardoso. 2002. Assessing creativity: the importance of unexpected novelty. Structure 1 C2 (2002) C3."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dag\u00a0\u00d8ivind Madsen and Richard\u00a0W Puyt. 2025. The 7Vs of AI Slop: A Typology of Generative Waste. Available at SSRN 5558018 (2025).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5558018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1854969.1854977"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karin Matsumoto Chong Chen Kosuke Hagiwara Natsumi Shimizu Masako Hirotsu Yusuke Oda Huijie Lei Akiyo Takao Yuko Fujii Fumihiro Higuchi et\u00a0al. 2022. The effect of brief stair-climbing on divergent and convergent thinking. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience 15 (2022) 834097.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2021.834097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_68_2","unstructured":"Midjourney.com. 2024. Midjourney. https:\/\/www.midjourney.com\/home"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_69_2","unstructured":"Caroline\u00a0Mimbs Nyce. 2024. The Atlantic. https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/archive\/2024\/08\/why-does-all-ai-art-look-same\/679488\/?utm_source=apple_news"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_70_2","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2022. DALL\u00b7E 2. https:\/\/openai.com\/index\/dall-e-2\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_71_2","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2024. ChatGPT. https:\/\/chatgpt.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michelle\u00a0Leanne Oppert Valerie O\u2019Keeffe Markus\u00a0S\u00f8bstad Bensnes Alin\u00a0L Grecu and David\u00a0H Cropley. 2023. The value of creativity: A scoping review. Journal of creativity 33 2 (2023) 100059.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjoc.2023.100059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marily Oppezzo and Daniel\u00a0L Schwartz. 2014. Give your ideas some legs: the positive effect of walking on creative thinking. Journal of experimental psychology: learning memory and cognition 40 4 (2014) 1142.","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036577"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andreas Ostermaier and Matthias Uhl. 2020. Performance evaluation and creativity: Balancing originality and usefulness. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 86 (2020) 101552.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socec.2020.101552"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_75_2","unstructured":"Vishakh Padmakumar and He He. 2023. Does Writing with Language Models Reduce Content Diversity? arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2309.05196 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3635636.3656190"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonathan\u00a0A Plucker Ronald\u00a0A Beghetto and Gayle\u00a0T Dow. 2004. Why isn\u2019t creativity more important to educational psychologists? Potentials pitfalls and future directions in creativity research. Educational psychologist 39 2 (2004) 83\u201396.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326985ep3902_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xuebing Qin and Zhibin Jiang. 2019. The impact of AI on the advertising process: The Chinese experience. Journal of Advertising 48 4 (2019) 338\u2013346.","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.2019.1652122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_79_2","unstructured":"Qualtrics. 2024. Qualtrics XM: The Leading Experience Management Software. https:\/\/www.qualtrics.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675246"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3357236.3395474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_85_2","unstructured":"Mitchel Resnick Brad Myers Kumiyo Nakakoji Ben Shneiderman Randy Pausch Ted Selker and Mike Eisenberg. 2005. Design principles for tools to support creative thinking. (2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_86_2","unstructured":"Mel Rhodes. 1961. An analysis of creativity. The Phi delta kappan 42 7 (1961) 305\u2013310."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark\u00a0A Runco. 1993. Divergent thinking creativity and giftedness. Gifted Child Quarterly 37 1 (1993) 16\u201322.","DOI":"10.1177\/001698629303700103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark\u00a0A Runco. 2007. To understand is to create: An epistemological perspective on human nature and personal creativity. (2007).","DOI":"10.1037\/11595-004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark\u00a0A Runco and Garrett\u00a0J Jaeger. 2012. The standard definition of creativity. Creativity research journal 24 1 (2012) 92\u201396.","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2012.650092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark\u00a0A Runco and Shawn\u00a0M Okuda. 1988. Problem discovery divergent thinking and the creative process. Journal of youth and adolescence 17 3 (1988) 211\u2013220.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01538162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ben Shneiderman. 2002. Creativity support tools. Commun. ACM 45 10 (oct 2002) 116\u2013120. 10.1145\/570907.570945","DOI":"10.1145\/570907.570945"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben Shneiderman. 2007. Creativity support tools: accelerating discovery and innovation. Commun. ACM 50 12 (2007) 20\u201332.","DOI":"10.1145\/1323688.1323689"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108185936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_94_2","volume-title":"Where are we in the Field of Intelligence, How did we get here, and Where are we Going?","author":"Sternberg Robert\u00a0J","year":"2003","unstructured":"Robert\u00a0J Sternberg, Jacques Lautrey, and Todd\u00a0I Lubart. 2003. Where are we in the Field of Intelligence, How did we get here, and Where are we Going?American Psychological Association."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642902"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_96_2","unstructured":"E\u00a0Paul Torrance. 1966. Torrance tests of creative thinking. Educational and psychological measurement (1966)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E\u00a0Paul Torrance. 1972. Career patterns and peak creative achievements of creative high school students twelve years later. Gifted Child Quarterly 16 2 (1972) 75\u201388.","DOI":"10.1177\/001698627201600201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E\u00a0Paul Torrance. 1981. Predicting the creativity of elementary school children (1958-80)\u2014and the teacher who\" made a difference\". Gifted Child Quarterly 25 2 (1981) 55\u201362.","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628102500203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643834.3661624"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Veera Vimpari Annakaisa Kultima Perttu H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen and Christian Guckelsberger. 2023. \u201cAn Adapt-or-Die Type of Situation\u201d: Perception Adoption and Use of Text-to-Image-Generation AI by Game Industry Professionals. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 7 CHI PLAY Article 379 (Oct. 2023) 34\u00a0pages. 10.1145\/3611025","DOI":"10.1145\/3611025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_101_2","unstructured":"James Vincent. 2022. \u201cAn engine for the imagination\u201d: the rise of AI image generators. https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2022\/8\/2\/23287173\/ai-image-generation-art-midjourney-multiverse-interview-david-holz"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642919"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chetan Walia. 2019. A dynamic definition of creativity. Creativity Research Journal 31 3 (2019) 237\u2013247.","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2019.1641787"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_104_2","unstructured":"Peter West Ximing Lu Nouha Dziri Faeze Brahman Linjie Li Jena\u00a0D Hwang Liwei Jiang Jillian Fisher Abhilasha Ravichander Khyathi Chandu et\u00a0al. 2023. The Generative AI paradox:\" What it can create it may not understand\". arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2311.00059 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yihan Wu and Wilma Koutstaal. 2020. Charting the contributions of cognitive flexibility to creativity: Self-guided transitions as a process-based index of creativity-related adaptivity. PloS one 15 6 (2020) e0234473.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234473"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bin Yang Long Wei and Zihan Pu. 2020. Measuring and improving user experience through artificial intelligence-aided design. Frontiers in Psychology 11 (2020) 595374.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.595374"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_107_2","unstructured":"Georgios\u00a0N Yannakakis Antonios Liapis and Constantine Alexopoulos. 2014. Mixed-initiative co-creativity. (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3022198.3026339"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weitao Zhang Zsuzsika Sjoerds and Bernhard Hommel. 2020. Metacontrol of human creativity: The neurocognitive mechanisms of convergent and divergent thinking. NeuroImage 210 (2020) 116572.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116572"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_110_2","unstructured":"Chuyi Zhou Xiyuan Zhang and Chunyang Yu. 2023. How does AI promote design iteration? The optimal time to integrate AI into the design process. Journal of Engineering Design (2023) 1\u201328."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eric Zhou and Dokyun Lee. 2024. Generative artificial intelligence human creativity and art. PNAS nexus 3 3 (2024) pgae052.","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgae052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng Zhu and Wenbo Zou. 2023. The Role of Generative AI in Human Creative Processes: Experimental Evidence. Preprint Available at SSRN 4676053 (2023).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4676053"}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2026: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Barcelona Spain","acronym":"CHI '26","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3772318.3791329","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T10:46:58Z","timestamp":1781002018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3772318.3791329"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":111,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3772318.3791329","10.1145\/3772318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3772318.3791329","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}