{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T07:57:15Z","timestamp":1776931035033,"version":"3.51.2"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":64,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3772318.3791496","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T06:44:11Z","timestamp":1776062651000},"page":"1-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Filtering the Invisible: A Feminist HCI Perspective on Informal Infra-structuring in Gig Labor"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8438-8297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"2025. Avalon. https:\/\/avalon.rip\/. Accessed September 4 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"2025. Instacart. https:\/\/www.instacart.ca\/. Accessed September 4 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753521"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6352.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christopher Burr Mariarosaria Taddeo and Luciano Floridi. 2020. The ethics of digital well-being: A thematic review. Science and engineering ethics 26 4 (2020) 2313\u20132343.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-020-00175-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindsey\u00a0D Cameron and Hatim Rahman. 2022. Expanding the locus of resistance: Understanding the co-constitution of control and resistance in the gig economy. Organization Science 33 1 (2022) 38\u201358.","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2021.1557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643834.3660676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/12255.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_2","volume-title":"The Care of Things: Ethics and Politics of Maintenance","author":"Denis J\u00e9r\u00f4me","year":"2025","unstructured":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me Denis and David Pontille. 2025. The Care of Things: Ethics and Politics of Maintenance. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025659"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2901790.2901861"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753688"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabian Ferrari and Mark Graham. 2021. Fissures in algorithmic power: Platforms code and contestation. Cultural Studies 35 4-5 (2021) 814\u2013832.","DOI":"10.1080\/09502386.2021.1895250"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_2","volume-title":"Ghost work: How to stop Silicon Valley from building a new global underclass","author":"Gray Mary\u00a0L","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mary\u00a0L Gray and Siddharth Suri. 2019. Ghost work: How to stop Silicon Valley from building a new global underclass. Harper Business."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_2","unstructured":"Esha Gupta. 2021. Understanding Gig and Platform Workers & Addressing the Global Issue of\" Misclassification\". Issue 5 Int\u2019l JL Mgmt. & Human. 4 (2021) 453."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clara\u00a0E Hill and Sarah Knox. 2001. Self-disclosure.Psychotherapy: Theory Research Practice Training 38 4 (2001) 413.","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0033-3204.38.4.413"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3563657.3595982"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"Instacart. 2025. Understanding the Shopper Community: A Report. https:\/\/www.instacart.com\/company\/shopper-community\/understanding-the-shopper-community-a-report\/. https:\/\/www.instacart.com\/company\/shopper-community\/understanding-the-shopper-community-a-report\/ Over 70% of shoppers identify as women and many balance caregiving responsibilities."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2470742"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steven\u00a0J Jackson. 2014. 11 rethinking repair. Media technologies: Essays on communication materiality and society (2014) 221\u201339.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262525374.003.0011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammad\u00a0Hossein Jarrahi Will Sutherland Sarah\u00a0Beth Nelson and Steve Sawyer. 2020. Platformic management boundary resources for gig work and worker autonomy. Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) 29 1 (2020) 153\u2013189.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10606-019-09368-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_2","unstructured":"JohnnyRS. 2025. JohnnyRS\/PandaCrazy-Max: PandaCrazy Chrome Extension for Amazon Mturk. GitHub. https:\/\/github.com\/JohnnyRS\/PandaCrazy-Max Accessed September 4 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/hcomp.v6i1.13327"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helena Karasti Karen\u00a0S Baker and Florence Millerand. 2010. Infrastructure time: Long-term matters in collaborative development. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 19 3 (2010) 377\u2013415.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10606-010-9113-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nadia Karizat Dan Delmonaco Motahhare Eslami and Nazanin Andalibi. 2021. Algorithmic folk theories and identity: How TikTok users co-produce knowledge of identity and engage in algorithmic resistance. Proceedings of the ACM on human-computer interaction 5 CSCW2 (2021) 1\u201344.","DOI":"10.1145\/3476046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katherine\u00a0C Kellogg Melissa\u00a0A Valentine and Angele Christin. 2020. Algorithms at work: The new contested terrain of control. Academy of management annals 14 1 (2020) 366\u2013410.","DOI":"10.5465\/annals.2018.0174"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_2","unstructured":"Shahedul\u00a0Huq Khandkar. 2009. Open coding. University of Calgary 23 2009 (2009) 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eliscia Kinder Mohammad\u00a0Hossein Jarrahi and Will Sutherland. 2019. Gig platforms tensions alliances and ecosystems: An actor-network perspective. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3 CSCW (2019) 1\u201326.","DOI":"10.1145\/3359314"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dominique Kost Christian Fieseler and Sut\u00a0I Wong. 2020. Boundaryless careers in the gig economy: An oxymoron?Human Resource Management Journal 30 1 (2020) 100\u2013113.","DOI":"10.1111\/1748-8583.12265"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3533406.3533418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3656156.3665123"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613905.3637126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mareike M\u00f6hlmann Lior Zalmanson Ola Henfridsson and Robert\u00a0Wayne Gregory. 2021. Algorithmic management of work on online labor platforms: When matching meets control. MIS quarterly 45 4 (2021) 1999\u20132022.","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2021\/15333"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mareike M\u00f6hlmannn Carolina Alves\u00a0de Lima\u00a0Salge and Marco Marabelli. 2023. Algorithm sensemaking: how platform workers make sense of algorithmic management. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 24 1 (2023) 35\u201364.","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00774"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_39_2","unstructured":"Mystro. 2025. Mystro. https:\/\/www.mystrodriver.com\/. https:\/\/www.mystrodriver.com\/ Accessed September 4 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642600"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_41_2","unstructured":"Para. 2025. #1 Delivery Driver Job Board: Find Work \u2013 1 000+ Positions. https:\/\/www.withpara.com\/. https:\/\/www.withpara.com\/ Accessed September 4 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Volkmar Pipek and Volker Wulf. 2009. Infrastructuring: Toward an integrated perspective on the design and use of information technology. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 10 5 (2009) 1.","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00195"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702174"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3563657.3596004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David Ribes and Thomas\u00a0A Finholt. 2009. The long now of technology infrastructure: articulating tensions in development. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 10 5 (2009) 5.","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_46_2","unstructured":"Alex Rosenblat and Luke Stark. 2016. Algorithmic labor and information asymmetries: A case study of Uber\u2019s drivers. International journal of communication 10 (2016) 27."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3543174.3546848"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donghee Shin and Yong\u00a0Jin Park. 2019. Role of fairness accountability and transparency in algorithmic affordance. Computers in Human Behavior 98 (2019) 277\u2013284.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_49_2","unstructured":"Archana Shrivastava. 2014. Active empathic listening as a tool for better communication. International Journal of Marketing & Business Communication 3 3 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/192844.193021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_53_2","first-page":"139","volume-title":"The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies (3 ed.)","author":"Suchman Lucy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lucy Suchman. 2008. Feminist STS and the Sciences of the Artificial. In The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies (3 ed.). 139\u2013164."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cella\u00a0M Sum Caroline Shi and Sarah\u00a0E Fox. 2025. \u2019It\u2019s Always a Losing Game\u2019: How Workers Understand and Resist Surveillance Technologies on the Job. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 9 2 (2025) 1\u201332.","DOI":"10.1145\/3757671"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Will Sutherland and Mohammad\u00a0Hossein Jarrahi. 2017. The gig economy and information infrastructure: The case of the digital nomad community. Proceedings of the ACM on human-computer interaction 1 CSCW (2017) 1\u201324.","DOI":"10.1145\/3134732"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_56_2","volume-title":"Caring Democracy","author":"Tronto Joan\u00a0C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Joan\u00a0C Tronto. 2013. Caring democracy: Markets, equality, and justice. In Caring Democracy. New York University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_57_2","unstructured":"Turkernator. 2025. Turkernator. https:\/\/turkernator.com\/. https:\/\/turkernator.com\/ Accessed September 4 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_58_2","unstructured":"Turkopticon. 2025. Turkopticon. https:\/\/turkopticon.net\/. https:\/\/turkopticon.net\/ Accessed September 4 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steven Vallas and Juliet\u00a0B Schor. 2020. What do platforms do? Understanding the gig economy. Annual review of sociology 46 1 (2020) 273\u2013294.","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-121919-054857"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoni Van Den\u00a0Eede. 2011. In between us: On the transparency and opacity of technological mediation. Foundations of Science 16 2 (2011) 139\u2013159.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10699-010-9190-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alex Veen Tom Barratt and Caleb Goods. 2020. Platform-capital\u2019s \u2018app-etite\u2019for control: A labour process analysis of food-delivery work in Australia. Work employment and society 34 3 (2020) 388\u2013406.","DOI":"10.1177\/0950017019836911"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alex\u00a0C Williams Gloria Mark Kristy Milland Edward Lank and Edith Law. 2019. The perpetual work life of crowdworkers: How tooling practices increase fragmentation in crowdwork. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3 CSCW (2019) 1\u201328.","DOI":"10.1145\/3359126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alex\u00a0J Wood Mark Graham Vili Lehdonvirta and Isis Hjorth. 2019. Good gig bad gig: autonomy and algorithmic control in the global gig economy. Work employment and society 33 1 (2019) 56\u201375.","DOI":"10.1177\/0950017018785616"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng Yao Silas Weden Lea Emerlyn Haiyi Zhu and Robert\u00a0E Kraut. 2021. Together but alone: Atomization and peer support among gig workers. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5 CSCW2 (2021) 1\u201329.","DOI":"10.1145\/3479535"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3501866"}],"event":{"name":"CHI 2026: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Barcelona Spain","acronym":"CHI '26","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3772318.3791496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T07:07:09Z","timestamp":1776064029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3772318.3791496"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3772318.3791496","10.1145\/3772318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3772318.3791496","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}