{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T04:45:58Z","timestamp":1776055558024,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":23,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3772363.3798645","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T01:55:28Z","timestamp":1776045328000},"page":"1-5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Agents Look Cooperative, Not Credible: Nonverbal Cues and the Credibility Gap in Human-Agent Teams"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5086-4013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mamehgol","family":"Yousefi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Product Design, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8545-6256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Shahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unitec, Auckland, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0052-0045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruoyu","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3340-4808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mos","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AgResearch, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5184-3364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro J","family":"Jorge Romera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AgResearch, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4201-844X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Hoermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Product Design, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5870-9221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thammathip","family":"Piumsomboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Product Design, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HRI61500.2025.10974183"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cigdem Beyan Alessandro Vinciarelli and Alessio\u00a0Del Bue. 2023. Co-located human\u2013human interaction analysis using nonverbal cues: A survey. Comput. Surveys 56 5 (2023) 1\u201341.","DOI":"10.1145\/3626516"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","unstructured":"Judee\u00a0K Burgoon and Aaron\u00a0E Bacue. 2003. Nonverbal communication skills. Handbook of communication and social interaction skills (2003) 179\u2013219."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","unstructured":"Michael Burgoon. 2002. The persuasion handbook."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daniel Buschek Malin Eiband and Heinrich Hussmann. 2022. How to support users in understanding intelligent systems? an analysis and conceptual framework of user questions considering user mindsets involvement and knowledge outcomes. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems 12 4 (2022) 1\u201327.","DOI":"10.1145\/3519264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabio Catania Micol Spitale and Franca Garzotto. 2023. Conversational agents in therapeutic interventions for neurodevelopmental disorders: a survey. Comput. Surveys 55 10 (2023) 1\u201334.","DOI":"10.1145\/3564269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3581641.3584101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrew\u00a0J Cowell and Kay\u00a0M Stanney. 2005. Manipulation of non-verbal interaction style and demographic embodiment to increase anthropomorphic computer character credibility. International journal of human-computer studies 62 2 (2005) 281\u2013306.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2004.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee\u00a0Alan Dugatkin Michael Mesterton-Gibbonsand and Alasdair\u00a0I Houston. 1992. Beyond the prisoner\u2019s dilemma: toward models to discriminate among mechanisms of cooperation in nature. Trends in ecology & evolution 7 6 (1992) 202\u2013205.","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-5347(92)90074-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Catalina Gomez Sue\u00a0Min Cho Shichang Ke Chien-Ming Huang and Mathias Unberath. 2025. Human-AI collaboration is not very collaborative yet: a taxonomy of interaction patterns in AI-assisted decision making from a systematic review. Frontiers in Computer Science Volume 6 - 2024 (2025). 10.3389\/fcomp.2024.1521066","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomp.2024.1521066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3581247"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3604237.3626869"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kate Loveys Gabrielle Sebaratnam Mark Sagar and Elizabeth Broadbent. 2020. The effect of design features on relationship quality with embodied conversational agents: a systematic review. International Journal of Social Robotics 12 6 (2020) 1293\u20131312.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-020-00680-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"James\u00a0C McCroskey and Thomas\u00a0J Young. 1981. Ethos and credibility: The construct and its measurement after three decades. Communication Studies 32 1 (1981) 24\u201334.","DOI":"10.1080\/10510978109368075"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catharine Oertel Ginevra Castellano Mohamed Chetouani Jauwairia Nasir Mohammad Obaid Catherine Pelachaud and Christopher Peters. 2020. Engagement in human-agent interaction: An overview. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 7 (2020) 92.","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2020.00092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2024. Hello GPT-4o. https:\/\/openai.com\/index\/hello-gpt-4o\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","volume-title":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments (ICAT-EGVE 2018), Limassol, Cyprus, November 7\u20139, 2018","author":"Schmidt Susanne","year":"2018","unstructured":"Susanne Schmidt, Gerd Bruder, and Frank Steinicke. 2018. Effects of embodiment on generic and content-specific intelligent virtual agents as exhibition guides. In International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments (ICAT-EGVE 2018), Limassol, Cyprus, November 7\u20139, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joanna Schug David Matsumoto Yutaka Horita Toshio Yamagishi and Kemberlee Bonnet. 2010. Emotional expressivity as a signal of cooperation. Evolution and Human Behavior 31 2 (2010) 87\u201394.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2009.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","unstructured":"Soul Machines. 2024. Soul Machines: Pioneering AGI Research and Humanizing AI Interaction. https:\/\/www.soulmachines.com\/ Accessed: 2024-09-02."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michelle\u00a0ME Van\u00a0Pinxteren Mark Pluymaekers and Jos\u00a0GAM Lemmink. 2020. Human-like communication in conversational agents: a literature review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management 31 2 (2020) 203\u2013225.","DOI":"10.1108\/JOSM-06-2019-0175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isaac Wang and Jaime Ruiz. 2021. Examining the use of nonverbal communication in virtual agents. International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction 37 17 (2021) 1648\u20131673.","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2021.1898851"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawrence\u00a0R Wheeless and Janis Grotz. 1977. The measurement of trust and its relationship to self-disclosure. Human Communication Research 3 3 (1977) 250\u2013257.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.1977.tb00523.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_2","unstructured":"Shunyu Yao Dian Yu Jeffrey Zhao Izhak Shafran Tom Griffiths Yuan Cao and Karthik Narasimhan. 2024. Tree of thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36 (2024)."}],"event":{"name":"CHI EA '26: Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Barcelona , Spain","acronym":"CHI EA '26","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3772363.3798645","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T04:01:12Z","timestamp":1776052872000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3772363.3798645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3772363.3798645","10.1145\/3772363"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3772363.3798645","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}